N'chifukwa chiyani kubala chipatso chitumbuwa? Chifukwa maluwa chitumbuwa, koma sanali kubala zipatso

Mu gawo wathu wa ponseponse m'munda chitumbuwa. M'chaka, pambuyo kudzuka, mtengo amapereka anthu kukongola - mtundu akutamandidwa olemba ndi ndakatulo wa Nthawi osiyana. Aliyense nyakulima kudziletsa kulemekeza zonse ali mu mtengo munda. Koma chigweranso kuti ena mwa eni zomera ndi mavuto - chitumbuwa ikutha kubala mbewu. M'nkhaniyi tiona mbali zonse za bwanji fruiting chitumbuwa.

chitumbuwa Features

Nthawi zambiri mu minda yathu kukula chitumbuwa wamba. A zosiyanasiyana sukulu amalola nyakulima kusankha mtengo abwino kwambiri kwa iye. Komabe, pamene inu kusankha ayenera kuganizira limodzi mbali yapadera kwambiri za mtengo umenewu.

A ambiri mitundu yamatcheri ndi samobesplodnymi. Ngati muli m'munda wa mitengo anabzala mtundu umodzi - zokolola osati kudikira pa iwo. mitengo ayenera anabzala gulu la mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Pankhaniyi, mitengo ayenera moyandikana pafupi wina ndi mnzake.

Samoplodnye chitumbuwa mitundu, monga "Youth", "Bulatnikovskaya" "Rusinka" analimbikitsanso magulu mbewu. Zabwino ndi kugula mbewu angapo zoned ndi osiyana a kusasitsa. Yamatcheri ndi oyambirira, pakati komanso mochedwa. Kupeza nerayonirovannyh mitundu zingaike kuli nkhuni mkulu amasankha m'madera zosafunika, nchifukwa chake maluwa chitumbuwa, koma sanali kubala zipatso. Izi ndi zimene tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane m'munsimu.

osauka kubereketsa zomera

Kuchepa kubereketsa zomera mtengo maluwa ndi cholinga chachikulu bwanji fruiting chitumbuwa. Kupanda pafupi nesamoplodnoy chitumbuwa mtengo mitundu zinthu zina kuti yamatcheri womangidwa zosaposa 5-7% ya angathe chipatso.

Koma samoplodnye yamatcheri popanda pollinator amatha kupanga% 40 zipatso pa. wamaluwa ambiri, kukhala wotsimikiza kuti iwo kuika mtengo bwino, ngakhale akudziwa kuti ichi ndi chifukwa chachikulu chimene zoipa zipatso chitumbuwa. Ngati simungathe kudzala munda zina kalasi-pollinator, n'zotheka kupita njira ina: pakuti ichi m'pofunika kuphunzitsa kukula mu korona wa mtengo. Koma, mpaka zimachitika, mukhoza msanga vuto mu njira zotsatirazi - asakhalenso mtengo wa nthambi ina zosiyanasiyana maluwa kuika umakhala pafupi mtengo wamavuto. Osachepera nyengo kudzakhala kotheka kudalira zokolola.

bowa

Izi mafangasi matenda nkhuni ngati chitumbuwa tsamba banga, mwina chifukwa si fruiting chitumbuwa kapena zipatso ndi laling'ono kwambiri. The peculiarity wa bowa ndi kuti kumawononga mitengo.

Chikadzangotha mtundu mwazunguliza, masamba chimakwirira pinki yofiira zolengeza. Ena masamba yokutidwa ndi zofiirira mawanga. Chifukwa, masamba kufota, kugwa, mtengo dwindles kwambiri. Frost, amene ankakonda kalasi anapirira, matenda awa akhoza kukhala wowopsa kwa mtengo.

Kale kasupe zotsatirazi mtengowo pachimake bwino, koma anapereka zipatso ndi sangalankhule.

lamoto Molinialny ndi matenda wamba kwambiri yamatcheri. Pa kasupe pachimake pa peduncle tizilomboto likulowerera masamba zipatso mphukira, kuwachititsa simudzalola asanakalambe. Mbali khalidwe la matenda ndi kuti masamba akhudzidwa ndi maluwa musalekane kumtengo, ngakhale mu nyengo yozizira, kukhala pa nthambi ya mtengo mpaka nyengo yotsatira. Zipatso za mitengo anakhudzidwa poyera kuwola kale kucha.

Pankhaniyi, mtengo adzapulumutsa yekha kuchotsa zonse yake ya m'madera okhudzidwa.

nyengo

Ambiri wamaluwa mabusa likulu posachedwapa zaka nkhawa kufunafuna zifukwa osati fruiting chitumbuwa. Mu dela la mzinda, limene lili mu zone chapakati dziko, zaka zomalizira za yozizira lili ndi zodabwitsa mosayembekezereka. Izi kamodzinso zikugwirizana ndi mfundo yakuti pamene kugula mbewu ayenera kuonedwa mitundu yozizira-Hardy.

Kwambiri ndinazolowera nkhawa yozizira steppe mitundu chitumbuwa ndi kuswana hybrids ake ndi wowawasa chitumbuwa. Kuwonjezera kukana mkulu kutentha otsika, mitundu awa wotchuka chifukwa zokolola zawo. Komabe, mitundu zonsezi pang'ono otsika kulawa zipatso za chitumbuwa wamba.

Pamene kuumitsa (pang'onopang'ono kutentha kutsitsa) mitundu mu kalasi akhoza kupirira, ndi 35 digiri ozizira. Great ngozi ya mtengowo ndi thanzi la kusinthasintha tsiku kutentha. madontho Large ndi kuwonongeka oopsa kwa maluwa komanso mkulu imabwera amayaka ndipo dzuwa thunthu nthambi chigoba. M'pofunika wachibadidwe kuthana ndi vuto, chifukwa kubala zipatso chitumbuwa. Kodi munda? Imangokhala yokha kusintha mitengo m'munda wake pa mitundu yozizira-Hardy.

Kupanda zakudya m'nthaka

Ndi kuchuluka acidity wa nthaka kuti tizidalira ndizochuluka Sikuti. Close pamwamba (1.7 - 2 mamita) malo a pansi akhoza kukhala mmodzi mwa zifukwa osauka chitumbuwa zipatso. Imeneyi pali njira imodzi yokha yothetsera mavuto - chilengedwe cha chochuluka phiri awiri mamita atatu. Izi adzalola chomera mtengo sapling pa moyandikirana kwambiri pansi pa.

The pazipita zotheka zokolola za mtengo kokha mchenga loam nthaka ndi acidity ndale. Koma ngati acidity kuchuluka, zoyenera kuchita? Ngati mulibe kubala zipatso chitumbuwa chifukwa cha zimenezi, n'zotheka kuti akonze zinthu ndi liming nthaka. Chinthu chachikulu si overdo izo - chosowa boron dothi pansiyi Mbali yokhala ngati kungachititse kuti kuchepetsa mapangidwe ambiri m'mimba.

Mulimonsemo, kupanga kukumba zone pafupi-wellbore, muyenera nthawi zonse kuwonjezera fetereza yake.

Zovuta boma mtengo

Chimodzi mwa zifukwa osati fruiting chitumbuwa ndi thickening ya korona wa mtengo kapena chitsamba chilichonse. Zonse kuchotsa nkhuni akufa, mtengo kupatulira kuchotsa kufooka ndi matenda zingatheke, zimakhudza zabwino kukula kwa mphukira zatsopano.

The mulingo woyenera odulidwa wolemera mode, kuonetsetsa malangizo yake ochitidwa ndi mbali mkati korona, lolani mtengo mphoto mbewu wodzala wambiri.

Chifukwa sadamve zipatso chitumbuwa

zosiyanasiyana uyu ali ndi kulolerana mkulu kutentha otsika ndi kukana phenomenal kwa chitumbuwa tsamba banga. Ndi mitengo ya chitsamba chilichonse ochokera Kummawa. Wandiweyani ❖ kuyanika wa masamba ndi mphukira wa villi chokhala anamva, nampatsa dzina la chitumbuwa cha.

Matabwa a mitengo kupereka zokolola lochuluka zipatso zokoma. Mtundu wa mtengo uwu - samobesplodny. Choncho, popanda mtengo umodzi sangachite m'munda, ngati inu mukufuna kuwerenga pa kukolola.

Pamene mayesero kwambiri kwa mitengo yaikulu bowa tiziromboti chitumbuwa mtundu umenewu zambiri wovulalayo moniliosis. Sungani mtengo, ndi munda wonse wa zipatso zowola zitha kukhala ndi kuchotsa pangozi ya m'madera okhudzidwa ndi chithandizo ndi mankhwala monga "fungicide". Ngati zonsezi lekani matenda, ndi mwake chitumbuwa koyenera kusiya posachedwapa, mpaka bowa spores si anasamukira ku mitengo inzake.

Chifukwa maluwa chitumbuwa, koma sanali kubala zipatso

ntchito moyenera kuvala pamwamba angathandize vutoli. Nyengo kukumba analimbikitsa amapanga magalamu 80 magalamu 220 a feteleza potaziyamu wa phosphate. Pa nyengo kukula kofunika kuchita angapo zina feteleza mtengo.

Choyamba muyenera kucheza pa mapeto a maluwa. Kuchita zimenezi: uli kusungunuka malita 10 a madzi ndi magalamu 16 urea, potashi ndi superphosphate magalamu 28. Ndondomeko analimbikitsa mobwerezabwereza pambuyo masabata awiri.

Pa zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu, koma Mulimonsemo si kawirikawiri ntchito kwa nthaka padziko yazokonza pansi mtengo phulusa ndi ndowe anawola. Ndondomeko ikuchitika m'dzinja ndipo kwambiri bwanji umoyo wa zomera ndi mbewu zochuluka.

zodzitetezera

Zonse yoyeretsa ya masamba chaka chatha udzathetsa chimodzi mwa zinthu bwanji fruiting chitumbuwa. Masamba akale lili foci chachikulu cha matenda a mafangasi. Panthawi yake decimates korona.

mtengo mankhwala The mankhwala anachita chingamulepheretse matenda ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. The kupopera woyamba ikuchitika pa mapeto a maluwa, Mulimonsemo musanagulitse osavomerezeka. masabata awiri pambuyo zokolola chofunika kubwereza ndondomeko. Ngati inu munaphonya ngalawa, processing mitengo akhoza kuchitika pasanafike 20 - 25 masiku isanafike kukolola.

Ngati munda adzachita zonse ayamikira zimenezi, anazungulira mtengo wanu yake ndi kusamalira, chifukwa si yaitali kudikira. Chaka chotsatira, mafunso okhudza bwanji fruiting chitumbuwa, kutha. A zokolola lochuluka adzakhala ndi mphoto yabwino pa ntchito yawo.