Nature Area a Ukraine: steppe, nkhalango-steppe, nkhalango wosanganiza, mapiri

Chigawo zachilengedwe a Ukraine ali kufanana onse ndi anthu ena kusiyana kwakulu. M'dziko lina, pali nkhalango wosanganiza ndi m'nkhalango steppe, ndipo mapiri, ndi steppe. Tiyeni tikambirane mfundo iliyonse zone payokha.

Zone osokonezeka nkhalango

Iwo akuchita gawo kumpoto kwa dzikolo. Pamwamba makamaka ndi lathyathyathya. Dzina la malowa wa Chiyukireniya Polissya. Izi ndi dziko la mitsinje, m'madambo ndi nyanja. Pali malo yokumba, yaikulu ya iwo - ndi Kiev posungira. Spring apa si ozizira ndi konyowa m'chilimwe, ofunda (mkulu kotulukira dzuwa umafunda nthaka bwino), m'dzinja mvula, yozizira si ozizira kwambiri, matalala, thaws. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwambiri mvula mtsinjewo zonse (polovodnye), ndi madzi osefukira zotheka m'chaka, ndi yaitali. Izi woyendera nthambi zachilengedwe a Ukraine si yonyowa. Thawed ndi madzi a mvula, percolating pang'onopang'ono mu nthaka, kupanga chithaphwi. Pali nyanja ambiri ndi mitsinje. Amadyetsa mitsinje ambiri chifukwa amasulidwe pansi pamwamba.

Zomera oyenerera tiers: The pamwamba - mitengo, sing'anga - tchire (m'tchire), pansi - udzu ndi bowa.

Mbali kumpoto ndi wotanganidwa makamaka paini ndi mitengo. Kum'mwera, kuwonjezera pa mitengo, pali birch, hornbeam, Aspen, linden, alder, mapulo. M'tchire wodzipangitsa barberry, zakuda, chilombo ananyamuka, rasipiberi, otuwira. M'madera m'madambo ali Nthawi zambiri blueberries ndi cranberries.

masika oyambirira "kutsegula" snowdrop, Anemone, Corydalis, Scilla Difolia. Pambuyo pawo pali tulo udzu, violets, maluwa a m'chigwa, ndi tokhala. Pofika m'chilimwe nkhalango okha mthunzi-ololera ndi chinyezi-wachikondi zomera (ndere, Mumapezekanso, chilombo ginger wodula bwino lomwe). Mwa zomera kukula pa m'mbali ndi clearings kukumana msondodzi-therere, valerian, chamomile, liziwawa St. John, yarrow, tansy. masamba Deciduous m'dzinja ndi zomera kufa kupanga otchedwa zinyalala, lofotokozabe chinyezi. Kenaka kuvunda, kukhala pansi chonde. The zomera zimapanga onse nyama zamiyendo Inayi (akalulu, mbewa, nswala, agwape roe, mphalapala, njati) ndi nyama (hedgehogs, agologolo, yoongoka, nkhumba m'tchire). Mu amatunga ndi zosangalatsa kuthetsa abwampini, beavers, otters. Lakes mitsinje ali olemera mu nsomba. Zokhudzana newts madzi, udzu njoka, achule. Pa m'mbali ndipo mu nkhalango ya abuluzi moyo ndi njoka. A zambiri tizilombo kubisala mu makungwa, tsamba zinyalala ndi zomera ndi chakudya chokoma kwa mbalame, ambiri amene adabwera ndi masika ku ofunda (orioles, nightingales, flycatchers, cuckoos, starlings). Chamangiriridwa ndi nkhalango nyanja amaoneka swans, storks woyera, cranes imvi, sandpipers. Pakati pa anthu - woodpeckers lalikulu, imvi kadzidzi, matabwa grouse, otuwira grouse, wakuda grouse. Kusamala ndi kuwongola zachilengedwe anakhazikitsa nkhokwe (Rivne, Poleski ndi ena.). Kumasiyana penapake kuchokera ena anafotokoza zone zachilengedwe a Ukraine.

nkhalango-steppe

Patali ndi nkhalango wosanganiza kum'mwera pali mbali treeless - steppe. m'dera zachilengedwe amatchedwa m'nkhalango steppe la Ukraine. Apa, yozizira ndi ozizira amtengo ndi m'chilimwe ndi ofunda. The mpweya wochepa. Nthaka - wakuda lapansi. zinthu Natural ndi yabwino ndithu kuti ambiri zomera wobzalidwa ndi chilombo. Katawala ambiri yolimba pang'ono losanganikirana. Nyama ndi amodzi mu zone ya nkhalango losanganikirana. Ndi zimasiyana ena zone zachilengedwe a Ukraine panopa - steppe. Iwo ali ambiri m'dzikoli.

steppe

South mwa nyanja ziwiri (Black, Azov) ndi ku zone nkhalango akutambasula m'dera tchire. pamwamba pake ndi makamaka mosabisa, ndi matabwa, zigwembe, mapiri. Dzuwa limatuluka pano pamwamba Komabe, zone zachilengedwezi Ukraine (steppe) yodziwika ndi nyengo yotentha. The m'chilimwe ndi yaitali kwambiri otentha. The mpweya wochepa. Nyundo ndi ofunda, zoyambirira za ziume, wachiwiri - mvula. Zima ndi chisanu wamng'ono, wamfupi, ozizira. Chifukwa kuwuka lakuthwa mu kutentha chinyezi m'makala pansi, ukuphwera mofulumira. mphepo pafupipafupi yoyamba chilala. Yozizira mphepo ndi chifukwa cha Mkuntho ndi namondwe. Iwo kuononga nthaka yachonde.

M'chigawo cha mitsinje ikuyenda lalikulu. The Danube Delta ali wolemera mu nyanja mwatsopano madzi ndi Black Sea gombe - mchere mitsinje. Madamu angapo (cascades) wamangidwa pa Dnieper.

Zomera ali makamaka herbaceous. mitengo zitsamba zimapezeka zigwembe ndiponso kufupi ndi kugombe la matupi madzi - yekha apo izo chinyezi chokwanira.

Mu kasupe m'mawa steppe ndi yowala ndi zokongola. Nthaka pa nthawi ino akadali chinyezi chokwanira, ndi zomera ambiri womasuka kwambiri. Apa ndi hyacinths ndi irises ndi Adonis, ndi crocuses, ndi poppies ndi tulips ndi peonies. Mbewu za zomera kupereka pamaso kutentha pachimake. Ena mwa "bwererani" wa nthaka (ifa). Mizu kupitiriza kudziunjikira chinyezi ndi zakudya: chaka chamawa iwo adzathe mphukira ndi kuphuka.

Posachedwa pali zambiri Hardy, zomera undemanding: fescue, chitsamba chowawa, nthenga udzu. Mu ena acheya masamba yopapatiza, ena - mizu yaitali kuti amalola kusamutsa kutentha ndi kusowa kwa madzi. Mwa mwezi wa m'chilimwe zomera kuyamba adzauma. Mphepo, kuwatenga iwo ndi anagubuduza mu chipululu, agwedeza kunja mbewu. Zikuoneka zone zachilengedwe a Ukraine kumapeto yotentha imvi uninviting. Dziko nyama ndi osauka kuposa mu nkhalango. nyama zambiri ndi khalidwe kuwala mtundu wachikasu, moti osaonekera pakati pa chinazilala, udzu yellowed. Ambiri a iwo amakhala kamakumba una. Iwo makamaka makoswe: mbewa, mbewa yoyenda modumpha, gophers, marmots, hamsters. Nora kukumba yoongoka, nkhandwe, ferrets. nyumba zimenezi ndi malo a kubadwa kwa ana, ndi chitetezo, ndi malo hibernation. The kamakumba una anakumba ndi nyama zing'onozing'ono zokhala ndi mchenga buluzi, mamba, steppe kamba.

Chifukwa umatha kanthu mwamsanga kuthawa adani ambiri steppe mbalame kawirikawiri ndi bustards pang'ono bustards.

M'chaka oyambirira akhoza kumva nyimbo za lark a. Ya mavoti adali kuponyera ndi zinziri. Mukhoza kuona cranes osowa steppe. Zikuuluka m'mlengalenga kabawi, mphungu, kestrel, harrier. Iwo agwire mbalame ang'onoang'ono ndi mbewa.

Mu steppes ndi moyo tizilombo ambiri: ziwala, agulugufe, ziwala, kafadala. Iwo kudya mbali zosiyanasiyana za mbewu, komanso chakudya chamoyo kwa achule, zokwawa, mbalame.

Chifukwa cha kusamala malowa analenga nkhokwe monga steppe Chiyukireniya, Askania Nova, Lugansk.

mapiri Carpathian

Akuti pafupifupi msinkhu. Popangidwa ndi m'mapiri. Pakati pawo pagona chigwa kwabasi kwambiri. Iwo ukutsika kwambiri mvula: chisanu - mvula yozizira - mu nyengo yofunda. N'chifukwa chake pali zambiri zimabwerera. Tengani mu mapiri ochokera m'mitsinje ambiri. Pakati pawo - ndi Dniester ndi Prut ndi makhwawa lalikulu. Opezeka Carpathians ndi zazing'ono pa nthawi yomweyo kwambiri ndithu loonekeratu nyanja.

Mu otsetsereka kufalitsa nkhalango deciduous wa thundu, hornbeam, linden, mapulo, mumamera. Pamwamba - ozizira, pali coniferous (Norway spruce, Oil) nkhalango kale osokonezeka. Underbrush mawonekedwe rosehips, otuwira, zakuda ndi rasipiberi. M'mbali ndi clearings yokutidwa zomera herbaceous, ambiri - mankhwala. bowa ambiri (uchi agaric, woyera, Aspen, mafuta, boletuses etc.).

Nyama Carpathians ndi chimodzi mwa zigwa. nswala ichi, hares, nkhandwe, afisi, martens, otters, nguluwe, yoongoka, agologolo. Mbalame - grouse, grouse, mabanga woodpecker, wakuda ndi crested Tito, ambiri zosamukasamuka zoimba mbalame.

Pali nyama, kunachitika ambiri mu Carpathian Mapiri: bulauni zimbalangondo, akambuku zakutchire, amphaka. Mbalame - storks wakuda, mphungu, mphungu, woodpeckers wakuda, Short-toed Mphungu. Only mu mapiri amenewa moyo gologolo Carpathian, matalala vole, matabwa grouse Carpathian.

Kusunga zone zachilengedwezi wa nkhokwe Ukraine anakhazikitsa (Gorgany, Carpathian).