Mzinda wa Astrakhan: nyengo, nyengo, maiko ozungulira, nthawi

Astrakhan ndi chiyani? Volga, ndi kuchuluka kwa nsomba, mavwende, yowutsa mudyo komanso okoma ngati chikondi choyamba, Astrakhan Kremlin ndizitetezera mzindawo ndi mbiri yake, komanso, mchenga wamchenga, mapiri okongola ndi nyanja zokongola.

Mbiri yakale

Astrakhan ili pachilumbachi ku Caspian lowland. Ngati mukuyenda mumtsinje wa Volga, mzindawo uli kumtunda kwa mtsinjewu, chifukwa cha zomwe zinakhala malo akuluakulu oyendetsa sitima ya Lower Volga. Oyendayenda nthawi zambiri amapita kumzinda chifukwa cha cholowa chawo, komanso chifukwa Astrakhan imagwirizanitsa mitundu yonse ya misewu, sitima, nyanja ndi misewu. Chifukwa cha kukhazikitsidwa kwa mzindawo chinali kutsutsana kwakukulu pakati pa mayiko a Russia ndi a Tatar khanates, omwe panthawiyo anali ndi gawo la Lower and Middle Volga. Ivan The Terrible anaphatikiza lamulo la Astrakhan ku Russia mu 1556. Chinthu chokha chomwe chinatsala kwa iye chinali kutsimikizira kuti chitetezo cha mzinda watsopano wa Russia, womwe uli pakati pa steppe. Pofika pamapeto pake, adaganiza zosamukira kumzinda wotetezeka, bulu kumbali ya kumanzere ya Volga. Koma izi sizinali zokwanira kutetezera kotsimikizika, ndipo kenako kuzungulira mzindawo kunamanga Kremlin yamwala. Utsogoleri wa Astrakhan unali woyenera pansi pa Peter I. Tsopano mzindawu ukukula ndipo umakondweretsa alendo kuti akhale ndi mtundu wapadera.

Mkhalidwe wa nyengo

Oyendera alendo ayenera kukonzekera asanapite ku Astrakhan. Nyengo pano ndi yosavuta kumayiko, chifukwa chachisanu kutentha kwa mzindawo kuli kochepa, koma pansi pa chikhalidwe chofanana ndi chigawochi. Kwa mbali yakumpoto, chiŵerengero chapafupi ndi osachepera madigiri khumi ndi awiri a Celsius, ndi chakummwera - osachepera asanu ndi atatu. Mvula ku Astrakhan nthawi zambiri imadetsa anthu a mumzindawu kukhala ndi chisanu choopsa. Pali masiku pamene thermometer imasonyeza zosachepera makumi atatu. Astrakhan m'chilimwe amatha kudabwitsa kutentha kwake. Nyengo yotentha ya July imatha kufika 25 ^° C. Mphepo yamphepete mwa chaka chakummwera kwa dera ili pakati pa 180 ndi 200 mm, kumpoto mlingo uli kufika pa 280-290 mm. M'nyengo yozizira, chipale chofewa komanso chivundikiro cha mvula Astrakhan. Chilimwe m'chilimwe chimakhala ndi mvula yamkokomo ndi matalala. Mphepo imakhala kuchokera mamita anayi mpaka asanu ndi atatu pamphindi. Koma pali nthawi pamene chiwerengerochi chifikira 20m / sec. Kawirikawiri, mzindawu uli ndi nyengo zokwanira za nyengo. Astrakhan ndi mzinda wokhazikika, ndipo chilengedwe chake chikukhudzidwa kwambiri.

Zinthu zachilengedwe

Mzinda wokha ndi waukulu, chifukwa cha zomwe sizilola kuyenda mothamanga. Kudutsa m'misewu yopapatiza ndi mapangidwe ambiri, magalimoto amayenda pang'onopang'ono ndipo nthawi zambiri amasiya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpweya wambiri utha. Ngati mwasamukira ku Astrakhan, nyengo sizikuwopsyezani, ndiye mukhoza kuopseza kusungunuka kokwanira kwa mzindawu, chifukwa chake kusefukira kwa mzindawo kumakhala kosavuta. Zinthu zoterezi zimayambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana. Ziwalo zotentha, mavitamini ndi ma chitetezo cha mthupi nthawi zambiri zimagunda. Komanso, gawo lalikulu pa chiwonongeko cha chilengedwe liri ndi mbewu yosungiramo mpweya yomwe ili ku Aksaraysk.

Anthu okhala mumzindawu

Chikhalidwe cha anthu a Astrakhan ndizosiyana siyana. Pano panakhazikitsa mitundu yoposa zana ya zipembedzo makumi awiri zosiyana. Malo oyamba mwa anthu amtundu umodzi akukhala ndi anthu a ku Russia, malo achiwiri ndi a a Chitata komanso achitatu ku Kazakhs. Kulimbikitsanso kwachitukuko kwa zachuma m'deralo kunachititsa kuti chiwerengero cha anthu omwe akukhalapo chiwonjezeke, chomwe tsopano chimafika pa 60%. Kwenikweni, anthu a m'matawuni amagwira ntchito m'mabungwe ogulitsa agrarian komanso mu gawo la utumiki. Komanso mphamvu zambiri zimapititsidwa ku maphunziro ndi chithandizo chamankhwala. Chizindikiro cha umphawi m'dera la Astrakhan sichisiyana ndi chiwerengero cha Russian chiwerengero ndipo ndi 26%. Kawirikawiri, osauka amakhala kumalo komwe anthu alibe ntchito, komanso ndalama zomwe amalandira kuchokera ku ulimi. Ponena za chiwerengero cha anthu ku Astrakhan, amadziwika ndi mphamvu zabwino, zomwe zimatsimikiziridwa ndi kukula kwa chiwerengero cha anthu.

Kutalikirana ndi mizinda ina

Nthawi ku Astrakhan ndi yosiyana ndi Moscow kwa maola atatu. Mzindawu ndi wozungulira Europe / Volgograd (MSK). Mfundo yakuti nthawi ku Astrakhan sichifanana ndi mzindawu sizodabwitsa, chifukwa mizinda yayitali kwambiri. Ngati muwerengera mtunda mu maora, zimakhala pafupifupi maola khumi ndi asanu ndi theka ndi galimoto, kuyambira maola makumi awiri mphambu makumi awiri ndi atatu pa sitima komanso pafupifupi maola awiri ndi ndege. Ngati mutasankha kuyenda mumsewu wa Moscow-Astrakhan, muyenera kutsegula mtunda mu 1272 km. Koma izi siziri zambiri, ngati muwona kuti kuchokera ku Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk ku Astrakhan ndi 6746 km. Kawirikawiri anthu okaona malo amasangalala kwambiri ndi msewu wa Moscow-Astrakhan. Kutali apa sikofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa mumzinda muli zinthu zambiri. Zinthu zakale za Astrakhan zidzakondweretsa diso la munthu woyenda bwino kwambiri. Ngati mutasankha njira yopita ku mzindawo, nkofunika kuti mudziwe zochitika za Astrakhan. Mzinda uli pafupi 46 ° 19 'N ndi 48 ° 1' E.

Astrakhan Kukongola

Ngati chilakolako chochezera Astrakhan chikhalidwe cha derachi chikhoza kunyozedwa, ndiye kukongola kwa mzindawo kumakopeka poyang'ana. Malo otsika a Volga delta amakopeka ndi kukhalapo kwa zomera zokongola kwambiri, kuphatikizapo zipinda zam'madzi. Astrakhans amakondwera ndi chidwi chodabwitsa chomera chomwe chimakula m'dera lawo - lotus wokongola kwambiri yomwe imakondweretsa ndi maluwa ake m'chilimwe. Chodabwitsa ichi cha chilengedwe chimakondweretsa alendo onse. Anthu omwe adapezeka m'mphepete mwa dera la Lower Volga sakhala osangalala. Apa pali zokondweretsa zachilengedwe - nkhalango za m'mphepete mwa nyanja, mchenga wamchenga, okongola Lake Baskunchak ndi Big Bogdo. Pazinthu za umoyo, zimalimbikitsidwa kuti mukachezere malo odyera a balneological, omwe amachokera ku malo osungirako zachilengedwe omwe ali ndi matope ochizira. Ngati nyengo ku Astrakhan panthawi yaulendo ikulola, ndiye mlendo aliyense amafunika kupha nsomba zamadzi. Pano pali mitundu yoposa makumi asanu ndi iwiri ya nsomba, kuphatikizapo sturgeon, beluga, sterlet.

Zochitika za mzindawo

Cholinga chachikulu cha alendo pa mzinda ndi Astrakhan Kremlin, chomwe chilipo kuyambira 1558. Poyamba iyo inapangidwa ndi matabwa, patapita kanthawi iyo inamangidwanso ndi kupangidwa miyala. Chigawo cha Kremlin chimatchuka chifukwa cha nyumba zakale zazaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri ndi khumi ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri. Zomangamanga zazikuluzikulu: Assumption Cathedral, Trinity Cathedral, Bishops 'House ndi Kirillov Chapel. Malo awa amatchedwa feni lenileni la zipilala za mbiriyakale. Kwa otsogolera a mpumulo wopimidwa, pitani ku Square Square. Lili pamtima wa Astrakhan ndipo wakhalapo kuyambira 1769. Pano mungathe kuyenda mofulumira ndikudziwana ndi nyumba zokongola, zopangidwa ndi kalembedwe. Alendo a mumzindawu akulimbikitsidwa kuti aziyendera pamphepete mwa May 1st, kuyenda mumsewu wa Nikolskaya, kukayendera chakale cha October ndi munda wake wapadera-arboretum ndipo, ndithudi, amakomera nyumba zosiyana siyana zamatabwa zomwe zimakongoletsa mzindawo.

Zachilengedwe za Astrakhan

Malo ovuta a Astrakhan, monga madera ena ambiri, ndi malo ogwira ntchito ndi malo ogwira ntchito. Kulakwitsa kwake kukugwirizana ndi kusafuna kwa akuluakulu kuti apereke chisamaliro chokwanira komanso chokhazikika cha anthu amderalo. Chithunzi chachikulu cha mzindawo chimakhala chosasokonezeka komanso nyumba zowonongeka, osati misewu yabwino komanso mabwalo osungirako malo. Koma njira zina zothetsera mavuto omwe alipo panopo zikuchitikabe. Kotero, kukonzanso kwakukulu kwa nyumba zopanda ntchito zikuchitika , malinga ndi zomwe pofika 2010 zinthu zina zana ndi makumi asanu ndi anai zinayi zinabwezeretsedwanso. Komanso ntchito ikukonzekera kuti zipititse patsogolo mphamvu zamagetsi mumzindawu, momwe nyumba zowonjezera mumzinda zimakhazikitsa zipangizo zamakono zothandizira kukonza madzi. Komanso mbali zonse za mzindawo zimagwira nawo ntchito yosungiramo zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito magetsi ndi madzi. Chofunika kwambiri pa zowonongeka za mzindawo zimasewera ndi makonde oyendetsa katundu, omwe amatha pafupifupi 4,771.5 km. Pali njira zitatu zamayiko padziko lonse lapansi. Komanso, ndege yapaulendoyi ndi yapadziko lonse, ndipo panyanjayi mumzindawu muli Caspian Flotilla ya Mtsinje wa Russia.

Chiwawa

Malingana ndi deta ya Ministry of Internal Affairs ya Russia ndi Rosstat, dera la Astrakhan liri lachisanu, molingana ndi msinkhu wauchigawenga. Mzindawu umagawana malo ake olemekezeka ndi dera la Kurgan. Mzindawu umagwedezeka ndi milandu yamakono. Mwachitsanzo, chochitikacho chikugwirizanitsidwa ndi munthu wamalonda wolemera komanso mwiniwake wa malo ogulitsa masitolo "Leskal" sanakhalebe osamvetsera pagulu. Amunawa adabvula nyumba yake kwa ruble mamiliyoni atatu ndipo anachitira nkhanza banja lake. Komanso mumzindawu nthawi zambiri pamakhala zochitika zokhudzana ndi chiwawa cha atsikana aang'ono.