Reserve Polistovsky: zithunzi, okhalamo

Kuposa-kuposa, ndi zachilengedwe kukongola Russia si amanyozedwa! Ndipo imodzi mwazing'ono kwambiri pamakona ake ndi Reserve Polistovsky, chithunzi cha zomwe zafotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi. Koma ndibwino, ndithudi, osati kungoyang'ana zithunzi, koma penyani paradiso ndi maso anu. Tikukamba za malo odabwitsa awa ndipo tipitiliza.

Makhalidwe a kumidzi

The Reserve Polistovsky ili mu Russia kunja ndipo chimakwirira madera pafupifupi makumi atatu ndi asanu ndi atatu mahekitala kumadzulo kwa Valdai Upland ku Pskov Region (Bezhanitsky District). Pa gawo lake pali mtsinje wa Polist, womwe umatchulidwa dzina lake. Kum'mawa kumadutsa pa malo ena oteteza zachilengedwe - State Rdeisky Reserve, ku Nizhny Novgorod dera.

Ngati tilankhula za kugawanika kwa malo, malo otchedwa Polistovsky Reserve ndi taiga ndi nkhalango zowonongeka. Nyengo pano ndi yosavuta kumayiko, yomwe imadziwika ndi nyengo yozizira, yozizira. Mafunde otukuka ndi kutentha kwambiri ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi malo awa. Ndipo pano pali zovuta kwambiri padziko lapansi zophimbidwa ndi sod-podzolic, peat bog ndi sod-gley solamy dothi.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

Malo osungirako zigawo a boma a Polistovsky ali aang'ono. Mwalamulo, adalembedwanso mu 1994. Koma malo osaka nyama, omwe maziko ake adalengedwera, akhala pano kuyambira zaka makumi asanu ndi awiri mphambu zisanu ndi ziwiri. Ndipo kuphunzira mapulaneti a Polistovsky anayamba ngakhale kale - mu 1909. Ntchito yofufuzira inatsogoleredwa ndi Academician Vladimir Nikolaevich Sukachev.

Gawo la malo osungiramo nthawi yaitali linali "dziko lolonjezedwa" la anthu ogwira ntchito zapakhomo komanso akatswiri a m'mapiri, omwe ankafufuza ndi kupeza zinthu zakuthupi pazochitika zawo komanso ntchito zawo. M'chaka cha 1992, ophunzira a sayansi ya zomera ku Moscow State University anachititsa phunziro lopweteka kwambiri, pofotokoza zomera (272 mitundu) ya ku Russia.

The Polistovsky Reserve ndi yaikulu chilengedwe chitetezo malo federal ofunika. Chifukwa cha kuchulukana kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana, sizingafanane, osati kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Russian Federation, komanso ku Ulaya konse.

Mtengo wa malo osungira

Mphepete mwa nyanja ya Polistovo-Lovatskaya, yomwe malo ake amakhalapo, inakhazikitsidwa pafupi zaka zikwi khumi zapitazo ndipo poyerekeza ndi zina zoterozo zimasungidwa bwino kwambiri. Kufika pano, munthu akuwoneka akunyamulidwa nthawi zakale ndipo ali ndi mwayi wowona chikhalidwe chodziwika mu ulemerero wake wonse. Kuyambira zaka makumi asanu ndi zitatu kudza zitatu zapitazo malo awa akuyang'aniridwa ndi polojekiti yapadziko lonse "Thelma", yomwe idaphatikizapo dongosolo la nsomba mu mndandanda wa zinthu zotetezedwa.

Malo osungirako zachilengedwe a Polistovsky Chofunika kwambiri osati zokhudzana ndi zokopa alendo, kupitabe patsogolo posachedwapa, komanso (poyamba) kuchokera pakuwona sayansi ndi maphunziro. Kwa akatswiri a sayansi ya sayansi ndi asayansi-a marshologist abwino kwambiri othandizira sangapezeke.

Zosiyana ndi zachilengedwe

Kodi yapadera ndi dongosolo lanji la Polistovo-Lovatskaya bog? Nchifukwa chiyani chimasungidwa, ngati apulo m'diso langa? Zonsezi ndi za zamatsenga zam'mphepete mwa nyanja, zomwe zimakhala pafupifupi gawo limodzi la makumi asanu ndi atatu pa gawo la malo.

Masipiti khumi ndi asanu ndi atatu amalowa mu thupi limodzi lamadzi lalikulu, lomwe limakhala ngati fyuluta yachilengedwe. Zonongeka zonse (chlorini, zitsulo, radionuclides, ndi zina zotero) zimadetsedwa ndi peat, ndipo zotsatira zake ndi zoyera, pafupifupi madzi osungunuka. Amadyetsedwa ndi Mtsinje wa Neva, Lake Ilmen, Gulf of Finland ndi madera ena a dera.

Kuphatikiza apo, nsanja yam'mwamba imatsuka mpweya, ndikupulumutsa kuchokera ku carbon dioxide yochuluka mothandizidwa ndi zomera. Wotsirizira amachotsa chinthu chovulaza, chomwe chimakhala gawo la peat deposits.

Flora wa Reserve Polistovsky

Makhalidwe a chilengedwe chotetezera chilengedwe amapanga malo abwino a mvula yamchere, yomwe dzikoli ndi lolemera kwambiri komanso losiyana kwambiri. Pa gawo la Polistovsky Reserve palinso pafupi mazana asanu ndi awiri mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera - lalikulu mbali ya chinthu akugwira ndi coniferous-deciduous nkhalango.

Gawo la udzu limaimiridwa ndi mosses, mtengo wamtengo wapatali, udzu, udzu wa thonje, cassandra, mtengo wambiri, etc. Mu mitundu ya mitengo, spruce, thundu, phulusa, elm, linden, mapulo, hazel, ndi birch. Chinthu chapafupi m'dera lino ndi mtambo, mtedza wa kiranberi, sundew, komanso ma orchid omwe amakongoletsa mapiri.

Nyanja ya Polistovsky imakhalanso kasupe ka zomera zosawerengeka zolembedwa m'buku la Red Book. Zina mwa mathithi a gammaria, iris ya Siberia, malaya a kanjedza ya Baltic, sphagnum tender, sphagnum marsh ndi ena ambiri.

Zinyama: nyama za Reserve la Polistovsky

Nyama za Reserve la Polistovsky zimaphatikizansopo "Ofesi Yofiira" oimira. Makamaka ambiri mwa mbalame. Mwachitsanzo, Central Central Russian partridge, osprey, black-throated loon, grey gane, chiwombankhanga choyera ndi chiwombankhanga chagolide chikukhala pano poopseza kutha. Ngakhale kumadera a chisa chotetezera chachikulu (chachikulu mwa anthu a ku Europe), phokoso lakumwera la golide, mdima wonyezimira , ndi zina zotero.

"Ambiri" a amphibiya amawerengedwa ndi mitundu itatu yokha ya zinyama - mbuzi yofiirira, udzu wa udzu ndi chule lakuthwa. Pa zokwawazo, munthu akhoza kukumbukira chowopsa cha viviparous, spindle ndi njoka wamba.

Koma zinyama zomwe zimakhala ku Reserve la Polistovsky zimayimira kwambiri: chosowa gologolo-ntchentche, mink ndi madzulo ofiira; Zowonjezereka zambiri, zinyama, nyamakazi, mbulu, nyama zamphongo, chimbalangondo, etc. - mitundu makumi atatu ndi zisanu zokha.

Ponena za nyanja zam'madzi, iwo sali olemera kwambiri m'nyanja zam'madzi. Chofala kwambiri ndi zinyama monga pike ndi nsomba. Ndipo mu nyanja ya Polisto mungakumane ndi nsanja ina, burbot, bream, roach, Chekhov ndi Yaz.

Chiwonetsero cha alendo

The Polistovsky Reserve, ndithudi, ndi mosamala mosamala ku chikoka cha anthu, zomwe zingakhale zoopsa kwa chilengedwe. Kumalo ena malo ololedwa saloledwa. Koma chigawo chokopa alendo chikadalipo.

Posachedwa, nthawi zambiri mungapeze malonda kwa mabungwe oyendayenda omwe amalengeza malo oyandikana nawo. Alendo amakopeka ndi mdima, monga khofi, madzi a m'nyanja ndi mitsinje, njira zachilengedwe, kuyenda kwa mapazi ndi madzi, kudziwana ndi beavers, kusonkhanitsa kwa cranberries ndi zinthu zina zomwe zili zofunika kwambiri m'dziko lamakono lakumidzi, osati kokha kwa asayansi komanso wamba wamba , Kutopa ndi malo osangalatsa a mzindawu.