"Mudyug" (Chombo). Dizilo-magetsi Chombo "Mudyug"

Russian m'mphepete mwa nyanja mzere pamodzi Ocean Arctic kwambiri kotero kuti dziko likusowa ilibe kuchangamutsa. Koma Zombo akugwira ntchito osati North. Iwo amagwira bwalo chaka chonse, ndi kuzizira nyanja ndi mitsinje.

Mbiri ya Russian Chombo zombo

Pa mitsinje kumpoto kwa Russia akhala ntchito maboti ayezi kuswa. Woyamba chombo Chombo inamangidwa Kronstadt mu 1864, ndi kale pa mapeto a XIX atumwi mwalamulo analenga Chombo zombo. Wotchuka Chombo "Ermak", lingaliro la amene anali wachiwiri kwa asilikali S. O. Makarovu ndi wotchuka wasayansi D. I. Mendeleevu, linakhazikitsidwa pa doko la zombo zapanyanja English mu 1897.

Utumiki wa yapamadzi ya Russian Ufumu mu 1913, analengeza chenicheni yomanga khumi liniya ndi doko kuchangamutsa. Yoyamba mzere Chombo "Svyatogor" inamangidwa mu 1917 ndi "Bwana Armstrong ndi K °" ntchito S. O. Makarova. Pambuyo pake, anadzatchedwa nayamba kunyamula dzina "Krasin".

Woyamba Zombo Soviet zinamangidwa pa sitima m'banja zaka 1938-1941. Ice zombo Soviet Union inkakhala ku makhoti a m'banja, Britain, Germany, Denmark, Finland ndi Canada yomanga.

The Soviet Chombo zombo kudzadza ndi nyukiliya zoyendetsedwa woyamba Chombo dziko "Lenin" mu 1959, inamangidwa pa Admiralty doko la zombo zapanyanja.

Dizilo m'zombo kwa Soviet Navy anamanga pa sitima ku Finland. Zinali zamphamvu ndi zombo lembani "Moscow" kuchangamutsa lembani "Captain Sorokin" mphamvu 16,2 MW anaikira n'kuyamba kusambira pakamwa pa mitsinje Madera ndi kuya osaya pa kutentha kwa -50 ° C, kuchangamutsa a mtundu "Mudyug". Pakutha mbiri Soviet a m'banja icebreaking zombo inkakhala zotengera 36.

Mudyug chilumba

Mu Nyanja White pafupi m'kamwa mwa Kumpoto Dvina Mtsinje ndi chilumba cha kukongola kwambiri zachilengedwe amakopa alendo ndi kukongola, mpweya wabwino ndi nyanja, ndi mbiri zoopsa. Mudyug kuti Arkhangelsk anali kufunika njira, n'chimodzimodzi ndi Kronstadt kuti St. Petersburg.

Pa First World nkhondo ndi kumayambiriro kwa Civil nkhondo panali yozunzirako analengedwa ndi ankhondowo wa nkhondo, amene anadzakhala ukapolo Wolakwayo m'ndende. Mumsasa, kenako kundende zinali wodyerana, kumene ochepa anapulumuka, kotero Mudyug amatchedwa "chilumba cha imfa."

Tsopano chilumba ndi mbiri ndi chikhalidwe malo, womwenso zotsalira za m'misasa ndi ndende, kutsogolera chabwino yowunikira mu 1875 ndi nyumba yomangidwa mu 1938.

Chipilala akuvutika chifukwa cha phukusi la unakhazikitsidwa kukumbukira anthu amene anaphedwa pa chilumbachi mu 1928, choyamba mwala ndi simenti, ndi mu 1958 m'malo ndi lubwe.
Dzina la chilumbachi limatchedwa sitimayo. "Mudyug" - ndi dizilo-magetsi Chombo mphamvu 7 MW, anamanga mu 1982.

Chombo "Mudyug"

Translation m'dzina limeneli ndi Finno-Ugric - "meandering mtsinje". Dzina, ambiri, mogwirizana ndi ntchito watsopano wa Chombo wothandiza.

Linamangidwa mu 1982 pa wotchuka Chifinishi doko la zombo zapanyanja "Wärtsilä" (Zombo Chifinishi kuswa ayezi pa icebreaking zombo za dziko), komanso Zombo ena awiri - "Dixon" ndi "Magadan" - pambuyo pake. Iye anayamba ntchito yake monga "Mudyug" ntchito mu Murmansk Kutumiza Company, ndiye kuti azikatumikira ku Arkhangelsk. Mu 1987, "Mudyug" anali remade ndi polojekiti Swiss. The theka kutsogolo ayezi ndi kwathunthu kumangidwanso, ndipo tsopano mphuno yake akufanana ndi makulidwe chimphona overshoe. chombo thanki anakhala lalikulu kwambiri, koma sakuyenda see ndi mphuno yatsopano limene poyambirira zithandize nyanja woonda ayezi ku Switzerland, analephera kuswa ayezi wandiweyani ya Arctic. Ndipo Chombo wothandiza kunditumiza ku St. Petersburg ku nthambi ya ku North-West wa Rosmorport.

Tsopano akadula ayezi wamng'ono fairway mu wa Neva Bay, ndi Mzere wa madzi oyera pambuyo pa pilotage ndi chachitali komanso mosabisa.

Features Chombo

Mwini wothandiza Chombo "Mudyug" ndi North-West beseni Nthambi FSUE "Rosmorport", zimachitika ku doko la St. Petersburg. "Rosmorport" khoti kuonetsetsa navigation otetezeka madzi a madoko Russian pa Nyanja Baltic ndi pa njira kwa izo.

Chombo ndi mphamvu 7.3 MW sitiroko akufotokozera liwiro madzi lotseguka 16.5 mfundo. m'litali ndi mamita 111,6, m'lifupi - mamita 22,2, kusodza - mamita 6.8, kutalika - mamita 38. Total kusamutsidwa Chombo - matani 8,154 zikwi, ayezi lokutidwa - 115 masentimita.

Ice passability - luso Chombo kupita ku mphamvu zonse injini mu ayezi olimba, izo zikusonyeza ayezi chotengera ndi anayeza makulidwe pazipita ayezi, imene chotengera kungakhale mosalekeza kusuntha pa liwiro osachepera.

Malinga ndi "Rosmorport" Chombo "Mudyug" masiku twente-faifi kungakhale panyanja ndi yoyenda yokha, ndipo malo ake kusambira mu nyanja ya Baltic si.

kusankhidwa Chombo

Wothandiza Chombo "Mudyug" anaikira palokha icebreaking ziwiya lalikulu, mwachitsanzo kuika njira madzi, ayezi. Popeza apaulendo kutalika zimadalira oyera madzi njira kutalika Chombo, "Mudyug" kunyamula katundu mukhoza kuchita kwa ziwiya angapo. Kukhoza chingwe chabwazi ndi ziwiya kudziletsa injini ndi nyumba akuyandama osati pa ayezi, komanso madzi aukhondo. The kulunjika kwa "Chombo" omwe amaika lathyathyathya njira, amalola kuti chingwe chabwazi zombo pa chingwe chabwazi yaitali.

zida zake amalola kuzimitsa moto zomera zonse, osati pa zinthu akuyandama, ndi kuchita ntchito kuti athandize ziwiya zimene akuvutika, ndi ayezi, ndi madzi lotseguka.

Kuyesera pa wamakono wa ayezi baka ichidachi

Poyamba, ayezi anaphimba anathana ndi kuwonjezera kulemera kwa ngalawayo ndi mphamvu zomera mphamvu. Koma kunapezeka kuti zosinthika limene ayezi Kadulidwa pa njira zina, si gags, monga aluso. Mu wapadera wa mawonekedwe alumikizana limakupatsani kukankhira m'mbali mwa sitimayo kudula ayezi pansi zosiyanasiyana ayezi, anasiya Chombo Mzere woyera wa madzi, osati zotsala ayezi, amene aliyense chombo adutse.

West German kampani "Thyssen-Waas 'chotchulidwa zinachitikira bwino za wamakono wa ayezi baka ichidachi" Maks Valdek "ndi" Mudyug "ndiyenera rework. Elongated mphuno gawo kwambiri zobisika pansi gawo lake m'molema ndi mapaipi nangula hawse ndi wafunsira wags kuyitana Chombo "galosh" kapena "mphuno".

Ziyeso nyanja zinachitika m'chilimwe, ayezi m'dera Franz Josef a Dziko Lapansi sanali wandiweyani, ndi mayesero zotsatira zokhutitsa. Koma m'nyengo yozizira pa pilotage othandiza panabukanso poyamba suona zopindika. Astern ayezi kumatula kusuntha konse sakanakhoza, ndipo kutsogolo izo odzaza ndi ayezi. Komanso, glaciologists asonyeza kuti Mipikisano chaka ayezi ndi hummocks kudula zosatheka, monga kuyenera chaka chimodzi, amene kudula kuti "Mudyug" mayesero. Chombo kenako kunditumiza ku Nyanja Baltic.

zikondwerero kuchangamutsa

Kumayambiriro May 2014 unachitikira Zombo chikondwerero. Unachitikira mu St. Petersburg, iye anali woyamba mu dziko ndipo anadzipereka kwa sesquicentennial wa Chombo mndandanda wa Russia. Petersburg anatenga kumenya kuchangamutsa. Only tsiku loyamba la chikondwererocho anachezeredwa ndi anthu oposa zikwi khumi. Wotchuka Arctic Chombo "Krasin" ndi mbiri olemera ndi zozizwitsa; Port Chombo «Ivan Kruzenshtern", dzina lake chachikulu wapaulendo asilikali NGATI Kruzenshtern; mmodzi wa Zombo asanu dzina la wotchuka akazembe Soviet "Captain Zarubin"; Zombo zamakono ndi kupulumutsidwa zipangizo wozimitsa mu nyanja yamoto ndi nkhondo yomenyana ndi mafuta litulukira "Moscow" ndi "St. Petersburg" - mu malo odabwitsa anali woyenera a mmisiri "Mudyug" Chombo chifukwa pilotage m'nyanja kuzizira.

Kachiwiri chikondwerero unachitikira mu May 2015. Iye anali wodzipereka kwa Chigonjetso wake sevente ndipo amapezerapo ophunzira convoys kumalo ozizira pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World. Kachiwiri, St. Petersburg kunalinso perete wa kuchangamutsa. Kuwonjezera gulu chaka chatha, Chombo "Krasin", "Ivan Kruzenshtern", "Mudyug" ndi "Moscow" anachita nawo chikondwerero "Nevskaya Zastava" ndi "Captain Sorokin."

Tsogolo Russian Chombo zombo

Tsopano anayamba boma pulogalamu kupanga latsopano icebreaking mndandanda wa Russia, kuyambira zombo kwambiri wogwila kulembedwa kutali.

Kuphatikizapo adzamangira dizilo-magetsi Zombo: mzere kugwira ntchito kozizira, mphamvu pa migodi imene - 25 MW; Chithunzi cha kuzizira nyanja mphamvu 16-18 MW; AIDS ndi mphamvu 7 MW, ngati Chombo "Mudyug".

Maphunziro Chombo Lk-25D mungathe, kuchotsa Chombo "Krasin" ndi "asilikali Makarov", kupereka m'chilimwe navigation ndi yobereka cargoes ngalawa kum'mawa, ndipo chaka chonse - kumadzulo Arctic dera, pa Yenisei.

Zochangamutsa mtundu Lk-18D, amene anafuna m'malo zotengera za "Captain Sorokin," singachititse osati kum'mawa Arctic ndi Far East, komanso madera atsopano zingamuthandize mu beseni Far East.
Zochangamutsa lembani Lk-7D sakungochokera m'malo wothandiza zombo dizilo-magetsi monga "Mudyug".

mbadwo watsopano Chombo zingamuthandize chitukuko cha malangizo atsopano magalimoto ku Asia ndi kozizira, ndi kwa msonkhano madoko atsopano ndi malo.