Mpendadzuwa mafuta: zimene tikudziwa za iye?

Back mu 1829 mlimi wa chigawocho Voronezh, anatulukira njira yopangira mafuta mbewu mpendadzuwa. Mpingo ndiye tagging mankhwala zatsopano angapo meatless. Pa nthawi imeneyo anthu anali n'komwe kuti pafupifupi zaka mazana awiri, ndipo chidzapatsidwa mpendadzuwa mafuta adzakhala wotchuka kuti nkhokwe zake pafupifupi mu m'nyumba iliyonse. Kuphika chinachake mu poto, kapena kuyesera Chinsinsi latsopano kwa saladi, ife sindikuganiza za mankhwala apadera. Ndi nthawi kumela mu chidziwitso.

Kodi kutulutsa mafuta mpendadzuwa

kupanga njira imeneyi mankhwala ndi losavuta: choyamba, mbewu amayeretsedwa mu rushalno-Kupeta wagawo, lomwe limasiyanitsa maso ku mankhusu. Ndiye maziko kufika pa odzigudubuza kuti udzaphwanya iwo mu myatku. Yotsirizira apatsira moto kutentha mankhwala, kenako walowa chipinda ndi makina osindikizira. Pali analandira therefrom kukanikiza mafuta mpendadzuwa, limene lifunika osasankhidwa, pamene atolankhani otsala akulowa chomera m'zigawo amene kudakonzedweratu kuchokera zina 20% ya mankhwala. Kuti analandira mpendadzuwa mafuta anatengedwa maonekedwe bwino, izo kenako apatsira kuyeretsa ndi yoyenga, zomwe ankagwiritsa ntchito njira monga centrifugation, sedimentation, hydration, oyeretsa, deodorization ndi yozizira koopsa.

kapangidwe

Malinga ndi zimene mtundu wa njira processing ndi chomaliza mankhwala adapsinjidwa, kapena kupeza kuchuluka kwa mavitamini, zidulo mafuta, phospholipids, ndi zinthu zina. Kuchokera pa zimene anapangira tichipeza asidi palmitic, asidi arachidic, linoleic, stearic, asidi oleic ndi myristic, phosphorous munali, phula ndi loopsali zinthu, ndi mavitamini A, D, E, zimatengera makhalidwe mwachindunji zothandiza zomwe ndi mpendadzuwa mafuta. GOST R 52465-2005 imalongosola i lenileni Maphunziro Ine, koma sikuti tidzapita mwatsatanetsatane. Ife tikungodziwa kuona kusiyana mitundu zofunika mafuta mpendadzuwa, ndi chimene iwo ali bwino yosayenera.

mitundu mankhwala

Kwambiri zothandiza imatengedwa kuti ndi zopanda mpendadzuwa mafuta, amene analandira pambuyo m'zigawo woyamba ndi wotsatira kusefera. Iwo ali fungo lokoma ndi kukoma, ndi kapangidwe kake kwathunthu anasunga stearin, phosphatides, tocopherols ndi mbali zina zothandiza. Ngati amalimbikira motalika kokwanira, iwo amayamba thicken ndi kulawa zowawa. Ndi bwino ntchito saladi ndi mbale ozizira. Hydrated mpendadzuwa mafuta linakonzedwa ndi Kutentha 60 ° C ndi kudutsa therethrough otentha madzi sprayed. Chifukwa cha ichi mapuloteni ndondomeko ndi zinthu mucous kukhalabe wotsala, ndi mankhwala amathera thicken. Pa nthawi yomweyo ndondomeko zimenezi zimapangitsa kuti kufooka fungo ndi kukoma ndi zochepa kwambiri ochekenera. The mafuta woyengeka akamagwira kuchitira mankhwala soda ndi, umene ndi kuchotsedwa kwa mafuta zidulo ndi phospholipids. Zikuonekeratu kuti ntchito zidzakhala ngakhale zochepa, koma amati ndi kusankha chabwino kwa stewing ndi Frying. Pakuti yokonza mankhwala dietetic ndi mwana chakudya ntchito woyengedwa mafuta ndondomeko deodorizing zinapita. Pali pafupifupi palibe zinthu zonunkhira, zomwe zimalimbikitsa yosungirako ake yaitali. Chotsalira winterized mafuta. Iwo deletes onse mankhwala phula ngati, nchifukwa chake likukhalira chimaonekera ndipo amathera thicken pa yozizira. Monga titha kuona, kunena kuti wina kapena mtundu wina - ndi yabwino masamba mafuta, sikutheka. Izi zidalira pa zimene ndi mmene ntchito.