Ndi zizindikiro za khansa chikhodzodzo mwa akazi chiyani? khansa chikhodzodzo mwa akazi: zizindikiro za matenda

mankhwala amakono amagwira ntchito kwa kupeza mankhwala a khansa. Komabe, izi kuyembekezera odwala ambiri katemera sichinafike. M'nkhaniyi ine ndikufuna kulankhula za matenda, monga khansa ya m'chikhodzodzo mu akazi.

ena ziwerengero

Izi matenda - khansa ya chikhodzodzo - Chinthu chochititsa chidwi mu Russia pafupifupi anthu 10-15 zikwi pachaka. Choncho amuna amadwala matenda ndi kanayi zambiri kuposa akazi (zambiri, malinga ndi madokotala, chifukwa nyumba anatomical a dongosolo wamwamuna urogenital). Komabe, m'nkhani ino Ndikufuna tikambirane ndi zizindikiro za khansa ya m'chikhodzodzo mu akazi, monga zizindikiro za zosayembekezereka wa matenda a amuna ndi akazi osiyana amasiyana pang'ono.

zifukwa

Choncho, khansa ya chikhodzodzo. The zimayambitsa matenda ndi zambiri zotsatirazi:

1. ntchito anthu pokhudzana pafupi kwambiri ndi amine onunkhira (kuti zotayidwa, ankaudaya, pulasitiki kupanga). Ngozi ya matenda a mu nkhani iyi mpaka nthawi 30.
2. chiopsezo za khumi kuchulukitsa apamwamba kupeza khansa ya chikhodzodzo ndi anthu amene amasuta.
3. Akatswiri a sayansi amanena kuti matenda kawiri nthawi akupezeka anthu amene kumwa madzi chlorinated.
4. Zotsatira cheza pa chiopsezo anthu ndi kuchuluka kwa matenda katatu.
5. Ndipo, ndithudi, mavuto zachipatala chikhodzodzo kungachititse kuti chitukuko cha matenda oopsa. Choncho, nthawi awiri apamwamba chiopsezo chotenga anthu amene amadwala cystitis aakulu. Nthawi zina zisanu chiopsezo amene anapezeka ndi "shistosomotoz chikhodzodzo" (a matenda parasitic).

Zizindikiro zoyambirira

ndi zizindikiro woyamba wa khansa chikhodzodzo mwa akazi chiyani? Kotero, ili ndi hematuria. Kuti izo bwino, chophweka njira kunena "magazi mu mkodzo." Chizindikiro chimenechi amapezeka pafupifupi 85% odwala. Komabe, kuyenera kuti pamene ululu sangakhale pamene kukodza. Komanso mu mkodzo kungakhale osati magazi, komanso kuundana kakang'ono ka magazi. Kuchenjeza wodwala ayenera kukhala pafupipafupi zosayembekezereka wa chizindikiro ichi. Choncho, ngati pali magazi mu mkodzo nthawi, ndi chifukwa kuwona dotolo yomweyo. Permanent hematuria kokha odwala ndi gawo matenda patsogolo. Inde, mu nkhani iyi, chotupacho adzakhala magazi mosalekeza. Features:

1. Mphamvu ya mtundu wa magazi siyana kuchokera pinki wofiira yowala. Pankhaniyi, mkazi mu mkodzo mukhale magazi sangakhoze kusokonezedwa ndi mwezi kumaliseche - menses.
2. Kuundana angakhale zazikulu ndi zooneka mosiyanasiyana. Ndi bwino kukumbukira kuti deta sukulu mudzaze chikhodzodzo lonse, zomwe nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa tamponade ake. Ie chikhodzodzo kotero mutadzala magazi kuundana kuti mkodzo imeneyi si kupita chilengedwe. Pankhaniyi, muyenera opaleshoni.
3. M'pofunikanso kuti chotupa zing'onozing'ono akhoza magazi kwambiri, ndipo ambiri sangathe limodzi ndi magazi lolemera. Ichi ndi vuto loyamba la matenda zolondola.

Zofunika: magazi mu mkodzo kungakhale chizindikiro osati khansa chikhodzodzo, komanso cystitis wamba. Choncho, kwa matenda zolondola m'pofunika kupempha thandizo dokotala.

Zizindikiro 1. dysuria

Kodi wina ndi zizindikiro za khansa chikhodzodzo mwa akazi? Kotero, ili ndi dysuria. Kapena mavuto ndi pokodza, pamene izo zifika ku chinenero tsiku ndi tsiku. Mu nkhani yoteroyo chotupa mwina compress ya mkodzo, zikubweretsa ululu. Pachiyambi, ululu adzakhala isanafalikire mu malo ena obisika. Komabe, pa chitukuko cha matenda akhoza "kupereka" crotch, ndipo ngakhale mu nyini. Ululu pokodza zingakhale zamphamvu kwambiri.

2. mkodzo Zizindikiro

Zizindikiro zotsatirazi khansa chikhodzodzo mwa akazi - incontinence pafupipafupi pokodza. Mwachitsanzo, kuleza mtima nacho kawirikawiri chilakolako onyenga kukodza. Zingakhalenso ndi kumaliseche musanaganizire wa mkodzo. Komabe, zizindikiro izi zimachitika pokhapokha ngati zilonda khansa adzakhala m'dera la khosi chikhodzodzo.

Zizindikiro 3. zofukiza

Tikambirana zizindikiro zina za khansa ya m'chikhodzodzo mu akazi. Choncho, anapatsidwa madzi matenda akatulutsidwa mukhoza fungo. Ichi ndi chifukwa chotupa thambo mavuto ndi pokodza. Mu nkhani iyi, mkodzo fungo ndi amoniya, ndi precipitate mukaganiziridwe (mkodzo kungakhale purulent) pansi pa ziwiya za kukhitchini.

zizindikiro zina

Choncho, chikhodzodzo khansa mu akazi. Zizindikiro zina ziti inu angakhale nayo?

1. Fistulas. Zingaoneke m'dera la chikhodzodzo ku nyini kapena ku chikhodzodzo kwa rectum. Nthawi zina, zingachitike ndi suprapubic fistula.
2. kutupa miyendo. Ngati wodwala anayamba metastasis mu inguinal ndi retroperitoneal mwanabele, zingayambitse lymphoedema wa miyendo.

diagnostics

zofunika kwambiri komanso ndi matenda a khansa ya m'chikhodzodzo. Kodi mtundu wa njira mukhoza oterewa kwa mawu matenda anthu?

1. Cystoscopy. Kuti tsiku ndi yokhayo yolondola njira yopezera nthendayi. Chonchi mlandu adzakhala anaphunzira chikhodzodzo mucosa ndi chida chapadera - ndi endoscope. Yekha sangathe a njirayi - invasiveness. phunziro limodzi ndi zomverera zosasangalatsa nkhawa. A kuphatikiza chachikulu mwayi osati "kuona" ndi kuphunzira chotupa, komanso kutenga gawo la izo kafukufuku.
2. mankhwala amakono alibe kuima. Ndipo asayansi anatulukira wapadera mayeso mzere eksperess matenda a khansa ya m'chikhodzodzo. Iwo amagwira ntchito pa mfundo za mayeso mimba wotchedwa NMP22. Komabe ambiri njira ya matenda ali sanalandirebe.
3. zofunika kwambiri komanso ndi maphunziro monga Kujambula, CT ndi ultrasound. Izo zonse neizvazivnye njira yodziwira. Kupeza khansa akhoza uchitike pamene yachibadwa Kupenda thupi (ultrasound diagnostics) komanso mu maphokoso ntchito nthawi ya kafukufuku ndi kutsatira zotsatira za mankhwala (CT ndi kumveka diagnostics maginito).
4. njira Laboratory zachititsanso kuti kuphunzira matenda. Pankhaniyi, adokotala akhoza mankhwala urinalysis. Ndi zogwirizana cytological kuphunzira chitayiko mkodzo.

siteji

Pali magawo anayi a khansa chikhodzodzo, malingana ndi mmene matenda "utakula" mu thupi.

1. Epithelium. Pankhaniyi, khansa ndi mkati mucosal thupi - epithelium. Chithandizo mosavuta kwambiri ikuchitika ndipo alibe zotsatira zoonekeratu.
2. Submucosal wosanjikiza, amene akutumikira monga maziko a epithelium ndi minofu minofu. Pa nthawi imeneyi, khansa limakula yaitali mu minofu minofu.
3. Adipose minofu ndi chikhodzodzo khoma. Mu gawo lachitatu chotupa limakula yaitali mu deta minofu.
4. Pa gawo lotsiriza la chotupa mwina kukula mu ziwalo pafupi - chiberekero, kumaliseche, mafupa m'chiuno ndipo zonse m'mimba. M'pofunikanso kuti mu nkhani iyi chithandizo ndi pafupifupi sikubweretsa ayambe wodwala, monga metastases bwanji ziwalo zofunika kwambiri.

Gawo

Komanso histological gulu la khansa chikhodzodzo ndi zochita. Choncho, zotupa mu nkhani iyi ndi izi:

Zaminyewa zotupa. Kumachitika kawirikawiri - pa 97% ya milandu.

1. Perehodnokletochnaya papilloma.
2. Ploskoletochnaya papilloma.
3. Perehodnokletochny khansa.
4. Squamous selo carcinoma.
5. Adenocarcinoma.
6. Cancer kuti sangathe kusiyanitsidwa.

M'pofunikanso kuti khansa perehodnokletochny chikhodzodzo lophatikizana ndi ubwamunalo linagawanika mu subspecies zingapo:

1. Ndi metaplasia glandular.
2. Ndi metaplasia squamous.
3. Consolidated Version - ndi glandular ndi squamous metaplasia.

Non-zaminyewa zotupa:

1. Zilonda (mwachitsanzo rhabdomyosarcoma).
2. Chosaopsa.

Obwerawa gulu zotupa:

1. Lymphoma.
2. Carcinosarcoma.
3. Zilonda khansa ndi ena.

Non-tumorous kusintha:

1. Polypoid kapena papillary "cystitis".
2. Enaake "cystitis".
3. Fibrous polyp.
4. Von Brunn zisa, ndipo ena.

Chotupa chiwonongeko:

1. Gemartomy.
2. Cysts.
3. Amyloidosis.
4. Etc. Endometriosis.
5. A angakhalenso neklasifitsiruemye ndi metastatic zotupa.

chithandizo

Njira chithandizo kumatengera ndi chimodzimodzi chimene khansa zimawonedwa mu mtima. Mulimonsemo, ziyenera ananena kuti mwambo zizindikiro woyamba wa matenda ayenera kupita kuchipatala. Ndipotu, mankhwala chikhodzodzo kansa mu magawo oyambirira akhoza kukhala. Pamene akuthamanga matenda sangakhoze anachiritsidwa.

khansa zachiphamaso: chithandizo

Kodi ndingapeze zimene zikuwoneka ngati khansa zachiphamaso chikhodzodzo? Photos Pankhaniyi - wothandizira choyamba. Ngati chidwi, mukhoza kufunsa dokotala kukuuzani zambiri za matenda ndi kupereka zosiyanasiyana zithunzi. Komabe, madokotala okha musamachite izo, chifukwa zimenezi iwo akhoza monga kuopseza wodwalayo. A zachiphamaso khansa chotupa mapangidwe uli mkati epithelium, akhoza kudutsa mu minofu minofu. Pankhaniyi, matenda akadali bwino mankhwala, ndipo wodwala akhoza kuchotsa vuto.

1. Ulendo, mwachitsanzo transurethral resection. Njira imeneyi si matenda (biopsy), komanso kuchiritsa katundu. Pankhaniyi, pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi, wodwalayo adzachotsa chotupa. Komabe, ndiyenera kunena kuti pambuyo kusuta akupezeka 50% odwala.
2. Kungachepetse mlingo zisadzachitikenso ntchito zonse intravesical BCG katemera akudziwika kapena kukonzekera zina mankhwala ( "Doxorubicin", "Mitomycin" neri Al.).
3. Pambuyo ndondomeko ulendo wodwala ayenera kukumana ndi chizolowezi cheke akuluakulu. Pankhaniyi, kudzakhala kotheka kudziwa nthawi yoti tibwerere kwa matendawa.
4. Ngati chotupa chotupa pambuyo kuchotsa kachiwiri "kubwerera", nthawi zambiri madokotala amalangiza odwala amachita zambiri kwakukulu opaleshoni - cystectomy. Pankhaniyi, wodwalayo adzawonongedwa ndi chikhodzodzo (limba adzakhala anapanga ku gawo m'matumbo), zomwe kwambiri kumaonjezera ngozi ya kupulumuka.

khansa olanda: chithandizo

Pankhaniyi, chotupacho amatha kulowa osati mu minofu minofu ya chikhodzodzo, komanso kunja kwa thupi. M'pofunikanso kufotokozera kuti pamene mawonekedwe matenda kwambiri kumaonjezera ngozi ya metastasis lymph mfundo. Nanga ingagwiritsidwe ntchito njira ndiyotani pakuchotsa vutolo?

1. Mtima kwambiri mu nkhani iyi ndi cystectomy ndi lymphadenectomy, i.e. kuchotsa chikhodzodzo ndi mfundo dera lymph.
2. Nthawi zina, mwina ntchito pamwamba ndondomeko ulendo, komanso lotseguka mochevika tsankho.
3. Ndipo, ndithudi, wogwira ndi mankhwala amphamvu.

khansa zowombetsa mkota: chithandizo

matenda imeneyi imaphatikizapo pamaso pa metastases. Nthawi zambiri zidzachitika, monga tanenera kale pamwambapa, mu oyandikana mwanabele komanso m'mapapo, chiwindi, ndi mafupa. Zonse mu Zikatero, dokotala angakulangizeni - ndi mankhwala amphamvu amphamvu kwambiri amene ayenera kuchitidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala angapo nthawi imodzi. Kungakhale mankhwala "Vinblastine", "Methotrexate", "Doxorubicin" ndi ena. Komabe, ndiyenera kunena kuti zonse mankhwala awa si otetezeka. Choncho, m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito iwo okha ndi chilolezo cha dokotala nawo.

kupulumuka

Zachiphamaso khansa. Zisanu chaka kupulumuka mlingo wa odwala zedi mkulu ndi 80%.

Olanda chikhodzodzo kansa. Zisanu chaka mlingo kupulumuka kwa 50-55% pa avareji.

Metastatic (kapena zowombetsa mkota) khansa chikhodzodzo. Zisanu chaka kupulumuka kuzungulira 20% (mankhwalawa Mkhalidwe).

chakudya

Zakudya ndi zofunika kwambiri khansa chikhodzodzo. Chifukwa nthawi zambiri, odwala amene amalandira mlingo wa poizoni kapena mankhwala amphamvu, monga "kutaya" thupi likusowa zakudya ndi mavitamini. Iwo akhoza kudzaza osati mankhwala, komanso "Chabwino" zakudya.

1. Chakudya wodwalayo ayenera kukhala thanzi. Ndipotu, odwala zambiri kuonda ndi ayenera kumanganso magulu awo.
2. M'pofunikanso odwala khansa analandira okwanira kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni. M'pofunikanso kuti mu mowa kwambiri kukula nyama ya zotupa chiwindi ndi chikhodzodzo kubweza.
3. Kudya nyama ayenera kulandira chithandizo mosamala. Asayansi asonyeza kuti nyama wofiira kumabweretsa kukondoweza wa chitukuko cha khansa. Choncho, zokonda ayenera kuperekedwa otsika-mafuta nkhuku m'mawere ndi kalulu.
4. Komanso, wodwala sayenera kudya nsomba.