Motsogoleredwa ndi Sokurov dzina lake Aleksandr Nikolaevich: yonena, moyo, Filmography

Sokurov dzina lake Aleksandr Nikolaevich - Soviet ndi Russian wotsogolera film, wosewera ndi screenwriter, Amakwaniritsidwa Art Wantchito, Anthu a Chithunzi cha Russia. Iye ali kwambiri, olimba ndi amazipanga wamphatso. ntchito yake wanzeru walandira kuzindikira m'mayiko ambiri pa dziko lapansi, koma mafilimu dziko ambuye zambiri osati nthawi yomweyo kufika chandamale omvera. Zovuta zambiri samveka, koma mochepa luso munthu. Lero, nkhani yathu za izo.

ubwana

Wambiri filmmaker akuyamba kuwerengetsa ake June 1951. mnyamata anabadwa mu dera Irkutsk. Atate Alexander Nikolayevich anali usilikali, ndipo munthu anatumizidwa mosalekeza ku madera osiyana a dziko. Makanema awa a moyo wake akukumbukira Alexander Sokurov. Banja pafupipafupi anasamuka ku malo. Childhood pang'ono Sasha anapita panjira - iye anali kusunga kusintha sukulu, asiyana ndi anzake, kukumana ndi anthu atsopano. Moyo anaponya kuchokera mbali imodzi ndi ku inayo. Pa sukulu Alexander anapita ku Poland, koma amaliza maphunziro kale mu Turkmenistan.

Mwa njira, mudzi, malo Alexander Sokurov - Village Podorvikha - mu 1956 linamizidwa kumayambiriro kwa Irkutsk opangira magetsi siteshoni.

Nditamaliza sukulu, dzina lake Aleksandr Nikolaevich Sokurov analowa luso mbiri ya Gorky State University. Kale pa maphunziro ake mnyamatayo anasonyeza changu zosaneneka ndi chidwi pa chilichonse chimene chikugwirizana ndi TV, kuyesera kukhala zawo mderali. Wapanga mafilimu angapo TV, ntchito pa ntchito yokonza mapulogalamu, kupita moyo pa TV Gorky. Mu 1974, Alexander maphunziro maphunziro a ku yunivesite ndipo analandira mbiri dipuloma.

Cinematography Institute

Patapita chaka chimodzi, dzina lake Aleksandr Nikolaevich Sokurov analowa VGIK mu dipatimenti ayendetsa. Tsogolo mphunzitsi filimu kugunda situdiyo AM Zguridi, pamene ophunzira amaphunzitsidwa zopelekedwa ayendetsa, ndikudutsa njira mafilimu otchuka. Sokurov kuphunzira zinali zosavuta, iye analumphira mu ndondomeko kulenga. Kuti kuphunzira bwino mnyamata analandira maphunziro dzina lake Eisenstein. Komabe, si onse anali yosalala ndi duwa. Relations pakati Sokurov nthumwi za akuluakulu a Institute, komanso atsogoleri a State mafilimu a kanema wakuthwa tsiku lililonse. Alexander Nikolayevich atumikiwo adzatchedwa odana Soviet, mlandu zamawonekedwe, wophunzira ntchito zake zinali sakudziwika ndipo sakuvomereza. Chifukwa atasemphana zonse Sokurov zinali zosavuta ndi molondola mwamsanga kumaliza maphunziro kudutsa mayeso patsogolo zonse, kwenikweni, anachita mu 1979.

Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, chithunzi choyamba wotsogolera novice - "Lonely Voice of Man," zochokera Andrei Platonov, - amene anali anasonyeza kuti ntchito mbuye sichinayambe amatamanda komiti Institute. zoperekedwa onse ayenera zikadzawonongedwa, koma chithunzi mozizwitsa anapulumuka - Sokurov ndi mnzake monga anaba izo kwa Archive lapansi. Kenako chokulungira amalembedwa mphoto yapamwamba pa zikondwerero lonse filimu.

Njira loyamba la kulenga

Adakali mkulu wasukulu Sokurov anakumana ndi screenwriter Yuriem Arabovym, amene anakhala wothandiza ake ku ntchito ndi moyo mwamuna kapena mkazi. munthu wina mu moyo wa Sokurov, amene anayamikira ntchito wotsogolera wake woyamba ndi kulemba wotsatira, unatsogolera Tarkovsky.

Mbali yake yoyamba filimu Alexander anatenga filimu situdiyo "Lenfilm", umene 1980 anabwera pa umboni wa Andreya Tarkovskogo. Mu yomweyi, wotsogolera anali kugwira ntchito pa zopelekedwa filimu - iye anathandizana Leningrad Wofotokozera Film situdiyo. Nthawi zambiri Sokurov ankakonda "Mosfilm", ndi m'njira zina, akufuna ntchito kumeneko. Komabe, zikhalidwe ntchito ya Moscow wotsogolera filimu situdiyo Kodi singakwaniritse.

Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti kuwonekera koyamba kugulu chithunzi cha Sokurov zinamuipira olamulira, ndipo iwo anali zoyembekezeka kwa nthawi yaitali kugona shelufu - kanema si anamasulidwa mu yobwereka. Sokurov ankadziwa kuti osankhika oipa ndale, anazindikira kuti akufuna zachiwawa, koma sanadzisiyira dziko, ngakhale mwayi anali. "Ine nthawi zonse kumbukirani kuti ine ndine Russian," - anati Alexander Sokurov. Mtundu - adzaupereka kwa mtundu, unzika, chinenero, miyambo ndi chikhulupiriro cha makolo awo. Pakuti ngwazi za nkhani Mama athu - Russia.

Filmography

Mafilimu amene amatenga Sokurov, amakhumudwa, iwo kubisa tanthauzo chinsinsi, zomwe nthawi zambiri muwerenge pakati pa mizere, ndi nthawi yoyamba. Akakamizidwa ndikuganiza mwachidwi mosalekeza ndi kuona zimene nthawi zina safuna kuona. Amapita nthawizina mu mawonekedwe a zopelekedwa film, nthawizina mu mawonekedwe a m'mafanizo, iwo nthawi zonse chinachake kuphunzitsa munthu nkhawa. Ndi sizosangalatsa filimu kumasuka ndi mbuluuli ndi koloko - "Kukambirana ndi Solzhenitsyn", "Werengani anatseka misewu Book", "Atate ndi Mwana", "Mayi ndi Mwana" ndi kukankhira kuganizira zinthu zazikulu.

Alexander Sokurov - wotsogolera, kuseri kwake khumi Mbali mafilimu, mabuku oposa makumi atatu, phokoso, ntchito screenwriter. Komanso, mu Kitty maestro akuchita zinachitikira. Mu 1980, Alexander nyenyezi mu filimu "Inu muli moyo," Vladimir Chumak. chitsanzo cha nkhani ya usilikali, Kulengedwa zochokera buku Smolyanitsky, ogwirizana mu mapiko a inflorescence lonse ojambula kwambiri luso wa mafilimu a kanema Soviet, kuphatikizapo Irina Muraviev, Igor Kvasha, Eugene zimayambira Marina Dyuzheva ndi ena.

m'firiji pamtunda

Mu 1980s mochedwa, mu wotsogolera chitukuko kulenga Aleksandra Sokurova wakhala wozungulira latsopano.

zojambula Lake, amene poyamba choletsedwa kusonyeza, potsiriza anapanga kuti chandamale omvera. Ndipo iwo sali okha kuona munthu wamba mu msewu, koma anazindikiranso mamembala a loweruza pa madyerero osiyanasiyana film, kuphatikizapo anthu padziko lonse. Motsogoleredwa mwakhama ananenetsa kuti Mama wake - Russia ndi Alexander Sokurov, amene mtundu - Russian, nthawi zonse kumbukirani ichi. Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti inali kuperekedwa pa zikomo chikondwerero ndi zojambula woyenera kwambiri Sokurov imatsogoleredwa kwawo.

Mkati khumi, kuyambira mu 1980, Alexander ntchito yambiri zipatso. Nthawi zambiri chaka chimodzi anatha kupereka moyo mafilimu angapo. Kufanana kwa wotsogolera kuwombera Sokurov anaphunzitsa oyamba amzathu pa "Lenfilm" anali TV kutsogolera. Filmmaker anamasulidwa angapo mapulogalamu amatchedwa "Sokurov Island," umene pamodzi ndi omvera anali kufunafuna mayankho a mafunso ambiri kukanikiza; zokambirana ndi omvetsera za malo mafilimu a kanema mu masiku moyo wa anthu.

Komanso, Alexander Sokurov anatsogolera mapulogalamu lachifundo pa wailesi achinyamata.

Kodi limatiuza "Francophonie"

chithunzi china, amene anali kukutsogolerani Sokurov - kanema "Francophonie" - tepi ndithu watsopano, amene anali kufalitsidwa mu 2015. Ntchito walandira kuzindikira pa Venice Film Chikondwerero ndipo kwambiri adawutsa anthu a.

limatiuza zimene "Francophonie"? Sokurov wapanga filimu za Paris, amene anali kulamulidwa ndi Anazi mu 1940. Koma pali vuto mmene France - mkulu wa Louvre - ndi German, anatumiza kuyang'anira zakale, anachita zimene amayenera sanayembekezere - adasunga lisawonongeke mndandanda wa Louvre. "Francophonie" - filimu kuti amakuwa kufunika kupulumutsa chikhalidwe European. Ndipo storyline izo sanali kuyambitsa, osati anauziridwa ndi malingaliro chabe. Chithunzi, anatenga mbuye kanema, amasonyeza maganizo a Aleksandra Sokurova za mmene zinthu ziliri pa dziko - za zipolowe a Muslim ndi zolengedwa Mkhristu, za kuyandikira kwa tsoka loipitsitsa anthu, amene akhoza kupewedwa. Master ananena kuti chinthu chofunika kwambiri tsopano - kuchimvetsa komanso mwachangu kuchita chinachake.

Alexander sanazengereze akusonyeza malo ake ndi mzimu wake kuti zonse zikuchitika mu dziko lero. Iye amakhulupilira kuti chikhazikitso cha Chikhristu ndi mfundo zimene molimbika anapanga zaka zambiri, lero alonjezedwa ikutha. Pozunzidwa mwankhanza ndi chikhalidwe Muslim - anthu a nyumba yosungiramo katundu wina, njira ina moyo ndi mfundo wamba - mfundo ya World Old zikhoza kutha mpaka kalekale, kumira kuphompho komwe kanthu. Ndipo ndi mantha. Amanena za zinthu ndi kulingaliranso chithunzi cha "Francophonie".

Sokurov motsindika kuti ndi ulemu waukulu kwa anthu a chikhulupiriro Muslim, koma akukhulupirira kuti "ife" Kungoti n'kofunika kupitiriza mtunda Chrixitu.

Mphatso ndi mphoto

Dzina lake Aleksandr Nikolaevich Sokurov - munthu zachilendo. N'zovuta kunena kodi chinsinsi cha kupambana kwake. Iye amadziwa ndipo amakonda malonda, zomwe zimafunika. Sokurov ntchito zonse, moyenera ndi molondola. Mu mawu ake, mwa mawu bungwe, zosavuta ntchito ndi. Kake momveka bwino, si zinadzala ndi mafunde chilichonse chobisika ndi am'nyanja. Kumbali ya zinthu, ndithudi, zonse ndi osiyana.

Komabe, mkulu Sokurov mu mbiri ake mphoto zochuluka, kanali ndi zizindikiro, zimene poyamba zikuoneka zosaneneka. Ntchito mbuye mobwerezabwereza zakhala asankha chifukwa mphoto pa zikondwerero mayiko: mphoto "Golden Nyamuliranani" pa Berlin Film Chikondwerero; Mphoto "Nika" kwa filimu "Lonely Voice of Man"; Mphoto ya Moscow Film Chikondwerero Tarkovsky; Otsutsa mphoto ya Russia ndi wapadera loweruza mphoto kwa filimu "Mayi ndi Mwana". Kuti zikho zake zikhoza kuganiziridwa mphoto kwa njira likutipatsa mu filimu "Russian Chingalawa" pa Toronto Film Chikondwerero; mphoto wapadera mu São Paulo chifukwa chopereka chonse kuti mafilimu a kanema; Argentine Film otsutsa Association linapereka kwa filimu "Russian Chingalawa"; mphoto kwa "Pakuti chinenero luso, limene kwakhudza mafilimu a kanema dziko."

State Prize la Russia

Kuwonjezera zolembera izi, pali kuzindikira Sokurov monga filmmaker ndi munthu. Mu 1995, Alexander dzina lina la otsogolera zana yabwino ya mafilimu a kanema dziko; 1997 - Amakwaniritsidwa Chithunzi cha Russia.

Mu 2004, Sokurov anali kupereka mutu aulemu a Chithunzi of Russia. Iye ali wophiphiritsa mphoto - dongosolo la Kutuluka Sun ndi mtanda kapitawo wa Order ya Tirhana na Letters. Mobwerezabwereza Sokurov linali lofika ku Russian State Prize. Mu 2014 iye anali kupereka State Prize la Chitaganya cha Russia m'munda wa mabuku ndi luso.

Nthawi zambiri, anthu maestro munthu wokongola payekha - osati ngati mtima nkhani mtima ndi atolankhani dzina lake Aleksandr Sokurov. Personal moyo filimu ambuye - mutu kutsekedwa. Ngakhale nthawi zina wotsogolera akhoza kuuza ena mfundo za moyo wake kulenga.

Pokambirana wina Alexander analankhula za awarding za ndondomeko State Prize. Iwo likukhalira kuti ndondomeko imeneyi ndi yaitali komanso tichipeza magawo angapo. Mndandanda ofuna poyamba anavomera mu Council kwa Culture ndi luso pansi mutsogoleli wadziko. List zokambirana, voti umachitika, ndi chifukwa ofuna kukhalabe ndi mutsogoleli wadziko. chosankha chimene amapereka, patapita kanthawi ofuna onse pa awarding ndondomeko. chochitika ndi bungwe ndi phwando ndi nawo Mutu wa State, ophunzira chisanadze rehearsal mwambowo. Mawu a Alexander II, nawo chochitika si kophweka - n'zochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi kumafunika mphamvu.

Kuyankhula za mapulani m'tsogolo, wotsogolera Sokurov amadziwa kuti bwino "La Francophonie" si anamulimbikitsa kupuma pa n'kukhutira. Maestro mwadzaza maganizo a kulenga, koma ali koma kuti awulule tsatanetsatane wa ntchito zawo - mantha jinx izo.