Mitundu ya zodabwitsa magetsi, zifukwa. thandizo kwa mantha magetsi

Pansi magetsi anatanthauza kukhulupirika zoopsa chotupa, minofu ndi chiwalo ntchito kuwonekera pansi zotsatira za mafakitale, m'banja kapena zachilengedwe magetsi. zosiyanasiyanazo zodabwitsa magetsi ndi zotsatira zosiyana pa thupi, amene mwina chifukwa cha zilonda, matenda a physico-mankhwala zikuchokera magazi, lacerations, fractures, dislocations, matenda a njira mkati bioelectric. kuvulala amenewa nthawi zambiri amachititsa imfa.

gulu la zodabwitsa magetsi

Ndi chikhalidwe cha zotupa ndi mitundu zotsatirazi zodabwitsa magetsi.

- kuwonongeka Local zimachitika kuvulala lamoto wa khungu, zimakhala zofewa, Mitsemphayi, elektrooftalmii (chiwonongeko kunja nembanemba diso), ndi metallization wa khungu. Local ngozi magetsi yodziwika ndi maonekedwe a zizindikiro za magetsi pa thupi - yamawangamawanga zikuchepa kumatanthauza wa imvi woongoka chikasu, mu malo kukhudzana ndi gwero mphamvu.

- kuvulala Common ndi limodzi mwa magulu magetsi mantha minofu, akuwonetseredwa mu kupweteka, ziwalo za mtima, kupuma.

Malinga ndi kukula kwa mitundu yonse ya zodabwitsa magetsi anawagawa anayi sukulu.

- I Ngozi kusalekerera akuwonetseredwa khunyu popanda imfa ya chikumbumtima. Komanso, pali blanching wa khungu, onse chisangalalo, kufupika kwa mpweya, kupweteka kwa mutu, kuthamanga kwa magazi nyamuka. Pambuyo kuchotsa mantha zoopsa wovulalayo amayamba kuona ululu.

- Ngozi kusalekerera II limodzi ndi khunyu zimandilimbikitsa ndi imfa ya chikumbumtima. Pa mlingo wachiwiri akuvutika magetsi ngozi anati kuchepa magazi, matenda pang'ono mu dongosolo kupuma. Nthawi zambiri pali mtima arrhythmia, mantha.

- III kusalekerera yodziwika ndi matenda aakulu kupuma, khunyu, m'mapapo mwanga mtima utaphulika, chosokoneza mtima ndi kuzungulira magazi, kuchepa lakuthwa magazi, mtima mungoli zipolowe, detachment kwa diso, edema oziziritsa, m'mapapo mwanga. Zingaoneke necrotic foci mu mapapo, chiwindi, ndulu, kapamba ndi chithokomiro. Chifukwa cha zoipa za digiri wachitatu akhoza kukhala comatose.

- Pakuti digiri IV amakhala ndi kutha kupuma chifukwa cha ziwalo za malo kupuma, ndi yamitsempha yamagazi fibrillation. Nthawi zambiri ukapezeka ndi kudutsa ndi panopa magetsi kudzera mutu anthu.

Ndi chikhalidwe cha zotsatira za magetsi kungakhale mitundu zotsatirazi zodabwitsa magetsi:

- yomweyo analandira masekondi angapo;

- aakulu, chifukwa cha mwachindunji kukhudzana ndi yaitali ndi gwero la pano amphamvu.

Zimayambitsa mantha magetsi

Anavulala panopa magetsi akhoza kukhala ndikukumana ndi gwero panyumba, kuntchito kapena mphezi. Direct mphezi kuponya - ndi lachibadwa, mphamvu yaikulu chinthu chimene munthu inshuwaransi sangathe. Nthawi zina, chifukwa kukhala motere.

- psycho-zokhudza thupi chikhalidwe. Ndiko, kuvulala mwina chifukwa tcheru opuwala, nkhawa, kutopa kwambiri, thanzi, munthu atamwa mankhwala, mowa.

- Chikhalidwe luso. zifukwa zikuphatikizapo kulephera zida zamagetsi, umene mavuto kumachitika m'madera zitsulo chipangizo; kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamagetsi, osati ndi cholinga awo anafuna; zosokoneza mu kotunga voteji; kuphwanya malamulo a ntchito chida cha.

- gulu. Zimayambitsa magetsi zodabwitsa miyeso gulu akhoza kunyozera pamene akugwira ntchito zipangizo zimene olumikiza mains ndi kunyalanyaza za chiyambidwe malamulo a chitetezo pa ntchito ndi kunyumba.

Pa nkhani ya magetsi choipa pa% 2-2.5 yekha kuvulala onse, ndi mbali zambiri anthu amene ntchito chikugwirizana mwachindunji magetsi, ndiye, zamagetsi, fitters mkulu zomangamanga, omanga.

mantha magetsi zingachitike pamaso pa oopsa kwa anthu voteji magetsi kapena panopa chifukwa chikhalidwe cha lake ndi boma la thanzi la munthu, chikhalidwe cha zinthu.

Zizindikiro magetsi mantha

Pa nthawi mantha magetsi, munthu angamve Kankhani kuphipha, minofu, moto nkhonya. Pambuyo panopa ikutha ntchito, zizindikiro zazikulu ndi anamuona pa chapakati mantha dongosolo. Zizindikiro za kuvulala kwa panopa magetsi ndi zambiri zofanana ndi chithunzi matenda a ubongo concussion. Pali kufooka, ulesi, osalabadira chilengedwe, nseru, kupweteka chizungulire.

Dongosolo mtima ndi kumva mantha magetsi:

- koyamba kuwonjezeka, kenako kuchepa lakuthwa magazi;

- chinawonjezeka kugunda kwa mtima;

- arrhythmia;

- kukulitsa malire a maiko mtima.

Kuwala angaoneke crackles pa zithunzi radiographic wapezeka foci wa ndiko kumayambitsa chifuwa amapezeka. Nthawi zina, pachimake kupuma ayi wapezeka. Ena amene akudwala kusanza, kutsekula m'mimba, kunyansidwa.

Burns ndi magetsi

lamoto magetsi limapezeka pa malo a kulowa ndi kutuluka kwa magetsi. Koma kupanda zolemba panopa sayenera kumwedwa ngati chowiringula kuthetsa mantha magetsi. Ambiri mwa anthu (30%) zikusowa chizindikiro.

amayaka magetsi komanso ali madigiri angapo mwamphamvu.

Mlingo woyamba ukufanizidwa ndi foci ka epidermal coagulation popanda mapangidwe thovu.

Wachiwiri digiri yoyaka yokoka kupereka okwana chotupa a khungu ndi mapangidwe thovu.

Mlingo wachitatu wa zotupa limodzi khungu lonse makulidwe ndi dermis. Pali necrosis zikundiyendera.

Pamene digiri chachinayi cha kuwuma amakhudzidwa osati khungu komanso zimakhala zilirimu, akufotokozera necrosis kwambiri.

amayaka zachiphamaso pamene magetsi sakhala wamba kuposa amayaka kwambiri. Magetsi zina akhoza limodzi ndi madera akuluakulu kuwonongeka minofu kapena charring ya nthambi.

Matendawa za kuvulala kwa chogundidwa ndi mphezi

Pamene zoopsa chifukwa mphezi, anati:

- khungu zosakhalitsa;

- zosakhalitsa kusalankhula ndi ugonthi;

- kudzimva pathological wa mantha;

- mantha monsemo;

- ziwalo za m'mapapo ndi dongosolo mtima;

- mutu.

Kuwala mawonetseredwe yeniyeni zizindikiro izi zidalira pa kusalekerera zoipa.

thandizo pa ngozi magetsi

Pofuna kuthandiza munthu akavulala choyamba tiyenera kudziteteza. Iwo ayenera kuphedwa kuti asakhalenso gwero voteji, kugwetsera waya m'manja wovulala. Ngati zimenezi sizingatheke, choncho m'pofunika kupeza wovulalayo ku gwero mphamvu. Pakuti ichi tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zodzitetezera, monga bolodi, ndodo matabwa, zipangizo insulated, magolovesi, chimateteza zogwiriziza, rubberized nsapato. Ngati palibe zipangizo chitetezo, mungathe kudziteteza pamene galimoto ku zinkakhala zazing'ono "masitepe bakha". mapazi pa nthawi yomweyo alibe kuti vula pansi. Chala cha phazi limodzi ayenera kukhala mu mzere ndi chidendene cha phazi ena.

Kukoka munthu ovulala ku malo a choipa ayenera kukhala pa mtunda wa mamita 10-15. Pankhaniyi, m'pofunika kuzisunga izo chovala popanda kugwira aliyense mbali poyera za thupi. thandizo kwa ngozi magetsi ayenera kuyamba kupereka, pamene wozunzidwayo ndi malo abwino. Kufufuzidwa kupuma ndipo zimachitika. Ngati iwo sangakhoze anamva, m'pofunika kuyamba kuchita yokumba kupuma ndi chifuwa compressions. Ngati munthu sasiya kutsitsimuka, Apatsidwe sedative uliwonse, perekani kuli kotheka kumwa pokonzekera kubwera kwa ambulansi.

Ngati khungu ndi kuoneka bwino amayaka, iwo ayenera, mu kukhalapo kwa oyera bandeji kapena nsalu bandeji. Ngati pali wovulala amaganiziridwa, m'pofunika splint nthambi.

Anasintha chithandizo cha zilonda zamoto

Yotsatira chisamaliro ndi ngozi magetsi mlingo woyamba si nthawi zonse zofunikira. Chomwecho munthu ndi kuvulala 2, 3 ndi madigiri wa 4 wa kusalekerera pambuyo thandizo loyamba zofunika chiziperekedwa kwa ululu kapena mfundo opaleshoni kumene oyenerera adzapatsidwa thandizo kuchipatala.

Chinthu choyamba kuchita - izo katemera kafumbata. Kenako akuyamba mankhwala apakhungu a zilonda zamoto ndi umdandaulire kuthetsa dongosolo, ntchito za thupi.

Ngati kutentha kwa zolemba malo chagwiritsidwa Mavalidwe wosabala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. khungu anatentha akhoza poyera kuti dzuwa limakhala lamphamvu, uyenera kuthandiza ndondomeko selo imfa ndi Iyamba ndondomeko ya maphunziro ndi kubwezeretsedwa kwa epithelium wathanzi.

Mu kufanana ndi mankhwala m'dera la thupi malo owonongeka ayenera kuchitidwa ndi tima madzimadzi mankhwala limene limabwezeretsa ntchito mtima, komanso ntchito ya dongosolo chapakati ndi zotumphukira mantha.

The mitundu ikuluikulu ya mavuto pambuyo mantha magetsi

Kuvulala kwa elektrcheskogo panopa oopsa okha, ndipo zotsatira zake kuti angathe yomweyo ndipo patatha kudutsa konzanso ndi kuchira bwino asavulale. Zovuta zikhonza kukhalapo:

- matenda mu zida za vestibular;

- kumva kuwonongeka;

- retrograde amnesia;

- parezovom miyendo;

- aimpso matenda, chiwindi, mwala lomenyera ziwalo;

- kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha, msana, ubongo;

- psychosis ndi matenda a dongosolo wachifundo ndi parasympathetic wamanjenje;

- chikomokere;

- magazi chachikulu.

Ngati magetsi anadutsa mutu, kenako mwakayakaya mosalephera maso ndi retinal detachment, mathithi, intraocular pathological kusintha chilengedwe, kupanga khungu.

Kupewa zodabwitsa magetsi

Chachikulu choipa kupewa magetsi ndi kugwilizana ndi chitetezo pa nthawi ya opaleshoni, msonkhano ndi kukonza zida zamagetsi. Anthu ntchito ndi magetsi, ayenera bwino analangiza ayenera zodzitetezera. Anthu kutumikira alipo unsembe magetsi ayenera nthawi, kawiri pa chaka, kukumana kufufuza mankhwala. Choncho kwenikweni ofuna kudutsa ndi madokotala, dokotala, katswiriyu, maso, otolaryngologist wowonjezera.

Pamene akulemekeza malamulo yaikulu ya chitetezo cha kuvulala ambiri kuchokera magetsi zikhoza kupewedwa.