Khansa - Makoswe

Khansa ndi chimodzi mwa zotupa kwambiri zilonda - monga khungu ndi onse. Amadziwika kuti khungu khansa akhoza kuoneka mu m'badwo mwamtheradi iliyonse. Khansa akufotokozera ku maselo pigment - "melanocytes" - ngati khungu labwino ndiponso koyenera komanso otchedwa "inki nevi", mwa kulankhula kwina - birthmarks. Tikumbukenso kuti khansa akufotokozera mofulumira kwambiri ndipo zingakhudze osati khungu, koma ngakhale kufalitsa zambiri ziwalo zina ndi mafupa.

Kuwapempha kuti delineate mfundo za khansa ndi khansa ya pakhungu. Mwachitsanzo, khansa ndi pafupi kakhumi zochepa khungu khansara, ndipo pa dongosolo la protsentra senti imodzi ya malignancies onse. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, ndi zochitika za khansa zikuchulukirachulukira, ndipo anthu kumachitika zochepa zambiri kuposa akazi. Tikumbukenso kuti zochitika za khansa kumawonjezera kwambiri pa zaka 30-39, kenako ku ukalamba wakhala pang'onopang'ono, pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezeka mu zochitika za zotupa.

Chifukwa cha khansa zambiri nevi, makamaka iwo amene ali m'dera la lamba phewa, pa nsana wake, pa mapazi kapena mbali poyera za thupi. Mosiyana ndi khansa ya pakhungu, khansa si isanafalikire ambiri pa nkhope. The owopsa ndi otchedwa malire nevi. Khansa amaoneka ngati bwino kudula mfundo ya imvi mdima, woderapo kapena wakuda mu mtundu ndi yosalala, youma padziko. Tinatake tozungulira wa khansa zambiri lathyathyathya kapena pang'ono otukukira kunja, mu nkhani iyi - sabweretsa chisoni.

Alibe inki nevi mu khansa amagwirizana ndi nsautso, kukhudzana ndi cheza ultraviolet, komanso zotsatira za m'thupi kusintha chamoyo. Pali zina zonena zimene zinthu ziwiri zapitazi mwina amathandiza ena pa zosayembekezereka wa khansa pa khungu wawo. Ntchito zoipa palibe kukayikira zimene ndi madokotala kunena. Pafupifupi 2 kunja kwa odwala 5 ndi zizindikiro khansa ya chotupa chija kuonekere posachedwa patapita makamaka nevus choipa pigmentary. M'mayiko kum'mwera kwambiri makhansa pafupipafupi kugwirizana ndi padzuwa. Iwo adati ntchito ka chitukuko cha khansa kusewera ndi endocrine njira, chifukwa cha phindu limene n'chakuti khansa sikawirikawiri kwambiri amapezeka pamaso msinkhu, koma potha msinkhu, mimba ndi kusintha mu zina ngakhale inapita patsogolo kukula chotupa. Komabe, ananena kuti nthawi zina, kusintha mu udindo m'thupi la zotsatira moleza mtima onse chopinga ndiponso nthawi zina, ndi kuchepetsa chotupa cha.

Zizindikiro za khansa, kapena kwina, alibe wa nevus kuti khansa monga: kuwonjezeka mu kukula kwa nevus ndi chisindikizo magazi kuchokera nevus, ndi maonekedwe a ming'alu pamwamba pake, komanso redness, kuyabwa, moto ndi kutupa kwa mwanabele. Tikumbukenso kuti khansa kukula mbali zitatu pa khungu, khungu, ndipo mu khungu dermis consecutively germinating ndipo zimakhala zakuya.

Khansa ndi oopsa oyambirira metastasis. Nthawi zambiri, metastatic khansa anakhudzidwa dera lymph mfundo, Koma nthawi zambiri amapezeka ndi metastases pakhungu mu mawonekedwe a zotupa angapo yaing'ono bulauni kapena lakuda. Komanso, metastasis a khansa nthawi zambiri zimakhudza chiwindi, ubongo, mapapo ndi zopangitsa adrenal.

Mogwirizana ndi pamwamba pa zonse, zimaonekeratu chifukwa matenda a khansa zizichitidwa mosamala kwambiri, kutenga nkhani zizindikiro zonse ndi zinthu zotheka chiopsezo. Pa matenda ayenera mosamala mawanga onse ndi timadontho-timadontho kuti mwina nthawi zina poyerekezera ndi khansa ya pakhungu. Komanso, muyenera bwinobwino boma la mwanabele m'madera inguinal ndi axillary, komanso pa khosi, makamaka pafupi ndi moto zokayikitsa chifukwa Mwina chiwonongeko cha khansa. A biopsy khungu ndi njira zofunika, ntchito amene akhoza kudziwa ndi khansa, koma matenda n'kofunika kwambiri kuganizira yogwira metastaziruemost khansa ndi kamodzinso osati kusewera ndi moto, zochizira khansa - osati amenewa njira zophweka ndi zosavuta.