Mitundu ya kulankhula maganizo, makhalidwe, gulu, chithunzi, tebulo

Imodzi mwa kupambana wamkulu wa anthu mu funso. Ichi ndi chinthu wapadera, amene amadziwa amatha kudziwa yekha anthu. Ndi chida ichi, anthu akuganiza, kulankhula ndi mzake, zakukhosi kwawo. Mu Greece wakale, munthu ananenedwa ngati "akulankhula nyama", koma pali kusiyana yofunika kwambiri. Ndipotu anthu osati kumanga zokuzira wa chizindikiro kuti zimafalitsa maganizo awo ndi malingaliro, komanso kufotokoza mothandizidwa ndi dziko loyandikira. Mitundu ya kulankhula mu kuwerenga maganizo anawagawira ndi magulu angapo.

mitundu Basic wa kulankhula

Zinenero zimene zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa dziko lonse ali ndi chifukwa chimodzi - ndi kulankhula. Izo imagwira kwambiri ndipo ali m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Koma onse chachikulu mitundu ya kulankhula magulu awiri agawidwa mu kuwerenga maganizo 1) m'kamwa; 2) kulemba. Koma si chinachake zosiyana kwa wina ndi mzake ndipo zogwirizana. kufanana yaikulu - zida zokuzira mawu, imene onse ali m'Baibulo. Pafupifupi m'zinenero zonse kupatula kakale, chinenero imatengedwa ngati mtundu wa HIV m'kamwa. Motero, tingapeze ndi fanizo nyimbo. wojambula aliyense, kuyang'ana pa zolemba mobwerezabwereza akutenga nyimboyo wolemba ankatanthauza, ndipo ngati pali kusintha, iwo si kanthu. Ndipo owerenga imabereka mawuwo zimene zinalembedwa pa pepala, nthawi iliyonse akayamba pafupifupi ofanana lonse.

kulankhula Dialogical kapena chitachitika

Lililonse kulankhula nthawi, munthu amagwiritsa mawonekedwe choyambirira wa kulankhula - analankhula. Khalidwe la kulankhula zamaganizo atamuitana dialogical kapena kukambirana. Mbali yake yaikulu ili yokonza yogwira wa chipani zina, mwachitsanzo munthu. Pakuti linakhalapo ayenera kukhala anthu osachepera awiri amene amalankhulana pogwiritsa ntchito mawu osavuta komanso ankasinthana wa chinenero. Ku maganizo a maganizo, mtundu uwu wa kulankhula ndi yophweka. Pali safunikira kufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane, monga interlocutors mu ndondomeko kukambirana zimadziŵa mzake, ndipo iwo sadzakhala movutikira kutsiriza maganizo ndi mawu amene munthu wina ananena. Mitundu ya kulankhula mu kuwerenga maganizo ndi yosiyanasiyana, koma kukambirana za amakhala ndi chakuti zonse zimenezi n'zomveka pa nkhani zimenezi. Apa verbosity kwambiri, chifukwa aliyense chiweruzo m'malo ambiri umafuna.

monologues

Mitundu ya kulankhula zamaganizo bwino kuwuluridwa, ndipo mmodzi wa iwo ndi monologue. Kumasiyana ndi kukambirana chakuti nawo mwachindunji kumafuna munthu mmodzi. ena onse omvera chabe amene amangoyankhula kuzindikira izo, koma samenya nawo. Nthawi zambiri, mtundu uwu wa kulankhula ntchito okamba, akuluakulu aboma, kapena aphunzitsi. Akukhulupirira kuti monologue nkhani zambiri zovuta kuposa kucheza dialogic, chifukwa wokamba ayenera kukhala zosiyanasiyana luso. Izo ziyenera coherently ndi zonse kumanga nkhani yake ndi bwino kufotokoza mfundo zovuta, ndipo onse ayenera kukwaniritsa malamulo chinenero. Komanso, tiyenera kunyamula njira ndi njira kuti lidzakhala lilipo kwa omvera makamaka, muyenera kuganizira maganizo maganizo a omvera. Ndipo Chofunika, tiyenera kukhala wokhoza kudzigwira nthawi iliyonse.

The yogwira mawonekedwe a mawu

Mitundu ya chinenero ndi kulankhula kuwerenga maganizo ndi anagawa ndi ulemu kwa amene amalankhula ndi amene amalandira. Pa mfundo imeneyi alinso ndi mawu chabe ndi akuchitachita. Yotsirizira kumathandiza munthu kufotokoza maganizo ake, kugawana mmakhalidwe awo ndi ena. Pali mawu njira yapadera kuti zonse ndi kulamulira kulankhula yogwira. Iwo zili kotekisi wa Chigawo kumanzere ubongo, ndicho mu gawo mazunzo. Izi ndi malo ofunika kwambiri, chifukwa ngati kuwawa, munthu chabe sadzatha kulankhula. Mu lolankhula kuti kuphwanya imatchedwa "galimoto aphasia".

kungochita

Limodzi ankaona mitundu udakali chabe kulankhula kuwerenga maganizo. Mwachidule nkhani za iwo ndi zovuta, chifukwa ndi mutu waukulu kwambiri. Akukhulupirira kuti ambuye mwana woyamba chabe kulankhula. Ndiko kuti, woyamba amayesetsa kumvetsa anthu olankhula mozungulira. Kuti tichite zimenezi, mosamala amamva komanso akukumbukira mawu oyamba ochepa kenako mawu. Chimam'thandiza kunena mawu oyamba ndi kuyenda mbali iyi. Choncho, mawu chabe amatchedwa chimene timazindikira. Koma dzina ili pokhapo titachitapo komanso pa kumva, pali zambiri njira zovuta. Mawu aliwonse wopita kwa ife mtima kwambiri n'kunena mokalipa kunja "iye mwini", ife tikuganizira za izo, ngakhale zizindikiro kunja ntchito imeneyi zimawonedwa. Koma ngakhale pano pali kuchotserapo, chifukwa si onse kumvera yemweyo: ena nsomba mawu alionse, ndipo wina sanamvetse akamanena za zokambirana. Izi mitundu ya kulankhula mu kuwerenga maganizo amafotokozedwa kuti amadalira makhalidwe payekha payekha. Ena wosalala mwachangu kulankhula, ndipo ankangokhala kuvomereza munthu zovuta kupereka njira ziwiri izi, ndipo ena chogwidwa ndi mmodzi wa iwo.

kalata

Monga tanena gulu mfundo zikuluzikulu za kulankhula zamaganizo ukugawa mu m'kamwa ndi olembedwa. Chachiwiri chachikulu kwagona kuti ali chotengera chuma (pepala, kompyuta, etc.). Ngakhale ndi kuwafotokozera mfundo, koma pali kusiyana kwambiri pakati pa izi njila kulankhulana. mawu olembedwa limaoneka kwathunthu pamaso pa anthu amene kuzindikira izo. Mu Mawu ndi kutchulidwa mawu omwewo, akutiakuti, ndipo mawu yapita ndi zosatheka kuti mwanjira kuzindikira kale amasungunuka mu mlengalenga. Written by nkhani m'kamwa ndi osiyana ndi chakuti owerenga ndi kubwerera kwa gawo linalake olembedwa, kudumpha zina ndi monga kuphunzira decoupling kanthu. Ichi chimapereka phindu kwa mtundu wa kulankhula. Mwachitsanzo, ngati inu mverani anthu bwino odziwa nkhani adadziwa, ndiye zingakhale bwino kwambiri kuwerenga deta anakhumba kangapo kudutsa kwambiri mu iwo. kalatayo ndi yabwino kwambiri kuti munthu amene akufotokoza maganizo ake pa pepala. Iye akhoza nthawi iliyonse kukonza zimene sakonda kumanga ena Kapangidwe ka lemba, izo sizichitika kachiwiri. Komanso, akhoza chokongoletsedwa wokongola kwambiri ku mfundo zokongoletsa maganizo. Koma izi zonse kumafuna khama kwambiri ku wolemba, kuti ayenera kuganizira pomanga lililonse akuti, kulemba molondola, pamene polongosola ganizo monga momwe akanathera, popanda "madzi" kwambiri. Iwo akhoza kuchitika koyesera yosavuta kuthandiza kumvetsetsa kusiyana kumene kunyamula mitundu ya kulankhula kuwerenga maganizo. Galimoto chochitika ichi yosavuta. Tiyenera kutenga wolemba ndi kulemba patsikulo anthu osiyana. Ndiye izo ziyenera kulembedwa pa pepala. Tilakwitse pang'ono, amene si anazindikira ndi khutu, pa pepala, imangokhala yoipa. Kulankhula, koma mawu adakali amagwiritsa ntchito zida ambiri amene akupereka tanthauzo lonse la mawu oyankhulidwa. Zikuphatikizapo intonation, nkhope ndi manja. Ndipo mu kulemba zofunika kufotokoza zonse ndi kugwiritsa ntchito pamene kusunga njira pamwamba.

kulankhula kayendedwe

Pa nthawi imene anthu ndisanaphunzire kulankhula, kulankhula kayendedwe anali njira yokha kulankhulana. Koma tsopano ife atasunga yekha tating'ono ting'ono naye. Izi chinenero maganizo thandizo, ndicho manja. Iwo anapereka akuti kuuza aliyense wokamba apereke kwa omvera mu kachitidwe ankafuna. Koma mu nthawi yathu pali gulu lalikulu la anthu, kuti amagwiritsa kulankhula kayendedwe lina lalikulu. Awa ndi anthu amene ali ndi mavuto ndi kumva ndi zida mawu, kuti ndi wosamva. Iwo anawagawa anthu amene anabadwa ndi kudwala, ndipo anthu amene ataya kukhoza kumva ndi kuyankhula chifukwa ngozi kapena matenda. Koma iwo onse amalankhula chinenero chamanja, ichi ndi ponseponse kwa iwo. Mawu amenewa ndi olemera kwambiri kuposa munthu wakale, monga dongosolo chizindikiro patsogolo kwambiri.

kulankhula mumtima

ntchito sadziwa munthu aliyense zachokera pa lingaliro, izo, nayenso, amatanthauza kulankhula lamkati. Nyama ndi zoyamba za maganizo ndi manyazi, koma kuti kulankhula mumtima zimathandiza munthu kuti akhale nzeru kuposa kale lonse komanso luso nyama chinsinsi. Monga tanena wina anamva mawu a akubwereza munthu m'mutu mwanga, ndiko reverberates. Mfundo imeneyi ndi yogwirizana kwambiri kumayambitsa mawu mkati, chifukwa akhoza yomweyo kusinthana kwa izo. kulankhula kwa mwamuna yekha kwenikweni ndi kulankhula mumtima. Iye akhoza kukwanitsa kutsimikizira chinachake ndi kuuzira, kutsimikizira chinachake kuthandiza ndi chimwemwe palibe choipa kwambiri kuposa ena.

kulankhula ntchito

Nchito yake ndi mitundu yonse ya kulankhula kuwerenga maganizo. Table magwiridwe a aliyense wa iwo akhoza kukhala bwino awulule nkhope zawo zonse.

Choncho, kulankhula kwa anthu ali yosiyanasiyana, ndipo aliyense wa iwo ndi yofunika kumanga kulankhulana moyenera.