Mitsempha ya magazi

Mitsempha ya magazi ndi zovuta chatsekedwa maukonde wopangidwa mwa mabwalo awiri (wolumikizira kapena venous ndi zazing'ono ndi zazikulu) magazi ndi "chapakati mpope" - mtima.

Ziwiya zonse anawagawa mtsempha, ndi ziwiya zing'onozing'ono magazi (capillaries), ndi mitsempha. malipoti a posachedwapa ntchito ngati ndi mpweya wabwino, "woyera" magazi ziwalo ndipo zimakhala. Mitsempha ndi ziwiya ochuluka kuposa amene m'malo anayamba akulu odula. Wolumikizira dongosolo magazi limakhudzanso ziwiya lalikulu, zasintha mu wocheperako (arterioles), womwe kupanga zabwino capillaries maukonde. Ananyamula zinyansi mayamwidwe ndi kudzipatula mankhwala othandiza ndi oxygen. Kudzera capillary arterioles pawiri anapanga ndi mitsempha, zimakhala ndi.

Venous mitsempha ya magazi ndi udindo kwa outflow kupanga zimalimbikitsa ndi mpweya woipa magazi. Zotengera magazi akubwereranso ku mtima. Sing'anga ndi yaing'ono mitsempha ndi mavavu asabwereremo (n'zosiyana kayendedwe) ya magazi.

Mtima akupereka dzenje akulu limba ndi zipinda zinayi. Pamafunikanso atria awiri (kulandira chipinda) ndi ventricles ziwiri, ntchito ngati mpope. The mtima kugawa kugawa choimirira. Lamanzere ventricle ndipo anasiya atrium delimited mavavu Gulugufe, ndi ventricle chabwino ndi atrium bwino - tricuspid valavu. Ndi vavu timapepala ta amagwira pambali yamitsempha yamagazi wa tendons thonje. Ntchito vavu - kuteteza n'zosiyana kayendedwe ka magazi.

Uli paliponse mtima wa lumikiza amphamvu thumba - ndi pericardium.

Monga tanena ndi mitsempha ya magazi limapangidwa awiri mitsempha ya magazi. Koma nthawi zambiri, akatswiri amanena, ndi wachitatu - bwalo mtima. Iwo n'kopanda chifukwa kufunika kwake, popeza ndi udindo nkhondo. Yambani mabodza bwalo awiri inatsekeratu mitsempha (inatsekeratu), ndi zinyalala patsinde pa akwera msempha. Kuyamba mtima myocardium, iwo apanga zopezera mitsempha yaing'ono. myocardium The amakhala ndi amamudziwa anayamba zopezera capillaries, kupereka njira mosinthana mu mnofu minofu. Magazi m'mnyewa wamtima venous amalowa gawo lamanja la mtima mwa mitsempha inatsekeratu ambiri. Ndi kuchepetsa mtima kuthamanga minofu magazi analengedwa. Chifukwa ndi kayendedwe ka magazi wolumikizira.

bwalo lalikulu akuyamba mu ventricle kumanzere. Chidule cha kayendedwe mtima minofu amalimbikitsa wolumikizira magazi kwa msempha, kenako ziwalo zonse ndipo zimakhala. Choncho pali kubwereranso mankhwala zakudya ndi mpweya machulukitsidwe wa magazi ntchito foni ndi mankhwala ndi mpweya. Mndandanda wa magazi kumachitika mu mitsempha kudzera capillaries lapansi. Pambuyo chapamwamba ndipo tsitsa Lifikira mtsempha mu atrium lamanja, kutseka bwalo lalikulu.

Small Circle unachokera mu ventricle bwino. Magazi kuchokera mu mitsempha ya analowa atrium lamanja, amalowa ventricle lamanja, kumene kuwala akulowa mtsempha wamagazi ndi. Adapyola capillaries m'mapapo mwanga, iwo anamasulidwa mpweya woipa ndi mpweya umakhala wolumikizira ndipo amalowa atrium kumanzere.

Phylogeny cha m'thupi ndi zofanana mu inakhala onse. Kapangidwe ka dongosolo ndi monga msempha, ndi microcirculatory bedi (kuphatikizapo maukonde capillary), mitsempha, mitsempha ndi mtima. Mu ndondomeko ya kusanduka unkachitika kulekana kwa maukonde lymphatic. The kusintha kwakukulu mu kapangidwe ka m'thupi monga kusintha kwa gill mtundu ndondomeko kupuma njira m'mapapo mwanga.

Magazi dongosolo matenda (matenda mtima) nthawi ankachitira malinga ndi mtundu wa ziwiya akhudzidwa. Mwachitsanzo motsatizana malinga mtima imfayo ndi aneurysm. The msempha zambiri kukhala njira atherosclerotic kapena matenda. chophukacho ake angayambe chifukwa chibadidwe kufooka kwa mpanda kapena kuvulala. Mitsempha m'mapapo mwanga angayambe kusintha arteriosclerotic zimachitika kapena kuvutika kobadwa nako. Zikutanthauza wolumikizira zambiri zimakhudza atherosclerosis. Mitsempha zambiri ndi varicose kapena chofuna (phlebitis).