Mbendera Imperial zimenezi zikutanthauza chiyani? Russian lachifumu mbendera

M'zaka zaposachedwapa yafala wakuda-chikasu woyera mbendera lachifumu kapena oyera-chikasu wakuda. Kodi tanthauzo la mbendera lachifumu chiyani? Kodi nkhani yake? N'chifukwa chiyani aiwala? Kwa zaka zambiri, mtsutso akupitiriza zimene mbendera - ndi lachifumu. Ndipo mbali iliyonse umboni wosatsutsika wa wosalakwa. Koma ndiye funso lotsatira ndilo ngati kubwerera ku mbendera ufumu?

History of mbendera

Mu 1453 Constantinople anagwa, miyezi iwiri silifooketsa anthu ofuna Kuzinga Ottoman. Chinali chiyembekezo lotsiriza la Ufumu wa Byzantium. Pa kuzinga Mfumu Constantine XI Palaeologus anaphedwa.

Patapita nthawi, a Vatican anayamba kuyang'ana ogwirizana, cholinga bungwe Kampeni ndi Turkey. Amphamvu amene angakuthandizeni akhoza kukhala Muscovy, amene ankalamulidwa ndi ndiye Ivan III. Choncho Papa zotuluka anakwatira Ivan III Sofyu Paleolog - Mfumu mphwanga Constantine XI. Papa ankaganiza kuti banja misapu: zakale Byzantine katundu INNING_NUMBER. Komanso, Vatican ankafuna Moscovia anatenga Union of Florence ndi Rome anamvera. Koma Ivan III anali ndi zolinga zina: kuchuluka mphamvu Moscow.

Anakwatira Sophia Palaeologus, Ivan III anakhala mfumu ndipo kumbuyo Orthodoxy. Ndipo Moscow wakhala wolandira Constantinople ndi Rome. Chifukwa anasintha chizindikiro cha Moscow State. The Crest Byzantine anagwirizana ndi Moscow - munda chikasu ndi mitu iwiri wakuda chiombankhanga woyera pa mahatchi Akumenya njoka.

Alexis anayambitsa chovala zida kufalitsidwa. Ndipo olamulira ena anatsatira mwambo wa chifaniziro cha chizindikiro cha.

Senate mu 1731 inaika lamulo malinga umene aliyense oyenda ndi dragoon Regiment anali kukhala mipango ndi zipewa ndi mitundu ya chizindikiro cha. Asilikali Russian agwiritsidwe ntchito zovala zagolide ndi silika wakuda. Komanso, iwo tsopano ndi mauta woyera.

Peter Ine kumayambitsa mitundu yatsopano

Mbendera Imperial, ngati kunalibe pa nthawi imeneyo. Tri-mtundu (zoyera buluu wofiira) mbendera anaonekera mu Russia, molingana ndi azambiriyakale kwambiri, nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Alexei Mikhailovich. Asilikali ngalawa "Mphungu" anali mbendera kupanga amene ntchito chervchataya, azure nkhani zoyera, kuti ndi wofiira, woyera ndi buluu. Si amaona zonse mwatsatanetsatane wawononga mtsutso waukulu ofufuza za galu, monga ambiri adakhulupirira zoti Petro Ine "anabweretsa" kwa dziko lathu mbendera imeneyi. Petr Veliky komanso wotchulidwa mbendera wina: nsalu zoyera lidagawikana buluu molunjika mtanda m'magulu anayi ofanana, wotchedwa Kryzhi. The choyamba ndi wachinayi - woyera, lachiwiri ndi lachitatu - wofiira. Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma XVII mbendera mwamphamvu kusunga pa mlongoti makhoti a ku Russia.

Pambuyo ulendo Holland, mfumu wamng'ono abverana kuti amange zombo, kotero ine ndinapita ku Arkhangelsk. Pa njira likulu, iye anapita Vologda, kumene anapereka Bishop Athanasius mbendera atatu kuchokera m`chombo. Lalikulu anali "mfumu ya mbendera ya Moscow." Mpheroyi magulu atatu yopingasa woyera, buluu ndi wofiira (pamwamba ndi pansi). Komanso pa gululi anali sewn mitu iwiri mphungu atanyamula ndodo ndi orb. M'mawere mphungu wofiira chishango chokongoletsedwa ndi St. George.

Pali lomwe mbendera analenga kale mu Arkhangelsk. Magwero ena amanena kuti mbendera Russian anabadwa mwa mtundu wa galu Dutch, koma ndi mtundu wina wa mitundu. Koma kulakwitsa lagona pa mfundo yakuti Peter Ine anali atalenga kale mbendera uyu anapita ku Holland.

Pambuyo kuoneka mbendera Moscow mfumu woyera-buluu wofiira lachifumu mbendera sewn ndi mikono anakhalabe achifumu muyezo za m'chombo. Mu 1697 Peter anayambitsa latsopano galu mbendera, popanda mphungu sewn.

Pansi Peter Ine galu anali mbendera ya kumenyana Russia, dziko ndi nyanja mphamvu. Koma pa Great kumpoto nkhondo, asilikali a nkhondo ndi Bulu anayamba ntchito mbendera ya St. Andrew. Mu 1705, pa January 20, Peter Ine analamula ntchito woyera buluu wofiira mbendera okha Malonda apanyanja.

Nthawi pambuyo Peter kwambiri kukopa anagwira chilengedwe German kulamulira anthu. Choncho, mitundu amitundu saatha.

Imperial muyezo

Imperial mbendera komanso likugwirizana ndi ufumu muyezo. Iwo anavomereza Peter I: pa mbendera chikasu akuonetsedwa wakuda mitu iwiri mphungu, atagwira matchati ndi White, ndi Azov ndi Nyanja ya Caspian. chachinayi tchati Chinawonjezeka mwachilungamo msanga. Part nyanja ya Baltic anagwirizana 1703.

Zisanachitike, 1696, mfumu analenga mbendera heraldic, yomwe inachokera pa kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu ulamuliro wa Alexei Mikhailovich. Flag anali wofiira ndi malire woyera, likulu anali golide chiwombankhanga ndifungatire pa nyanja. Mu bwalo pachifuwa pake ankaimira Mpulumutsi, wotsatira - Mzimu Woyera ndi Woyera Petulo ndi Paulo.

Mu 1742, a coronation wa Elizabeth. Zisanachitike izi analenga latsopano boma mbendera za Ufumu: pa chikasu nsalu - wakuda awiri mutu mphungu, atazungulira 31 chishango chowulungika ndi manja. Kenako pa mapiko a mphungu ali sanatchulidwe zizindikiro malo.

Baron Karl Bergard Kone analengedwa wachiwiri boma mbendera. Iwo wokolezedwera coronation a Alexander II (1856, August 26). Kuwonjezera boma mbendera, Bernhard Kone analenganso lalikulu, sing'anga ndi yaing'ono odula manja a Russian Ufumu. Pambuyo analenga chovala mikono ya Nyumba ya Romanov ndi zambiri anakhala malaya heraldic wa mikono ya Russian kusintha malo. Lingaliro lalikulu linali Kone mitundu kukhazikitsa zimene zimasonyeza mitundu ya chizindikiro pa mbendera, mbendera. Holide drapes ndi yunifolomu analinso mithunzi izi. Choncho anaganiza mu Ufumu wa Prussia ndi Austria Ufumu. Koma mitundu anali ovomerezeka sitampu pansi Anna Ioannovna (1731, August 17).

Kotero boma chizindikiro chake chinali golide chishango, pawiri mutu wakuda mphungu, korona siliva, ndodo ndi orb, ndi Bergard Carl Kone kuti armorial mitundu malinga ndi malamulo a heraldry ndi wakuda, golide ndi siliva.

Mu 1883, iwo unalengedwa wachitatu boma mbendera kwa coronation a Alexander III. Wake zojambulidwa ndi Belashov. Koma m'malo ntchito golide tonyamulira silika nsalu ndi mtundu wa golide akale.

Pakuti coronation a Nicholas II, womwe unachitikira mu 1896, anamaliza chachinayi dziko mbendera. Lake zinali za golide nsalu ndi nsalu, osati utoto.

Kulimbikitsa umodzi wa mtundu

Nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse itatha ndi Napoleon, ndi woyera ndi wachikasu ndi wakuda mbendera anayamba kucheza kokha pa maholide. Kupezeka kwa mbendera mu mawonekedwe unakhalapo kufikira umwana wake ofunda. Nicholas Ine analamula kuti ntchito mitundu ya mbendera ya m'tsogolo cockade ufumu pa a boma.

Nicholas ndinkafuna kutenga zizindikiro zonse boma ndi makhalidwe. Iye anali kukhulupirira kuti njira kulimbikitsa mgwirizano wa fuko. N'chifukwa chake mfumu anavomereza nyimbo zosonyeza kukonda "Mulungu Pulumutsani Tsar" monga boma.

Mozondoka mbendera

Alexander II anafuna kukhazikitsa bata mu zophiphiritsa boma, monga chiyenera kukhala ndi wamba mfundo heraldic European. Choncho, 1857 Mfumu yoikidwa Baron Bergarda-Karla Kone Chief sitampu dipatimenti.

1858 ndi mfundo anayamba nkhani ya mbendera lachifumu monga boma. Mu 1858, 11 June, Alexander II zinasaina lamulo anavomereza latsopano mwayekha Mbendera. Only tsopano anali mozondoka: wakuda-chikasu woyera. Iye anali kukangamira pa boma, nyumba yonse boma akumeneko. Pankhaniyi, anthu ali ndi ufulu ntchito kokha sitima zapamadzi mbendera ndi galu akale: woyera, buluu, wofiira.

lachifumu mbendera wolemba polojekiti lidalengedwa ndi Bernhard Karl-Kone. Ilo linali lingaliro lake kuti wakuda chikasu woyera wachifumu mbendera. kuchita mitundu pa gulu chiyani? Chifukwa Baron anatembenuka mbendera? Zambiri mu heraldry kukalowa mbendera amatanthauza maliro. Mu nyanja - ndi akafuna. Izi sakanakhoza kulephera kudziwa zodabwitsa heraldist Kone. Mophiphiritsa kapena ayi, koma pambuyo pake tsoka la dziko anayamba kusintha kwambiri choyipa.

ojambula zithunzi penti "vuto" makonzedwe a mitundu motere: oyera, achikasu ndi wakuda.

Tanthauzo la mitundu

The mitundu mbendera ya mfumu Russia ali kwambiri tanthauzo, zomwe zimatithandiza kuganizira za m'mbuyomu, panopa ndi tsogolo la dziko. Tikambirana Baibulo loyamba mbendera lachifumu.

Wosanjikiza pansi - wakuda - ndi mwini wake wa mwayekha chizindikiro ufumu. Apa izo anaikira mtendere ndi chitukuko cha dziko lonse, ndi malire wolimba ndi amphamvu ndi umodzi wa fuko.

Pakati wosanjikiza - chikasu - makhalidwe chitukuko, mkulu wauzimu wa anthu Russian. Komanso mtundu uwu kutanthauziridwa monga kutchula masiku Ufumu wa Byzantine - monga kholo la Russia mu dziko Orthodox.

Pamwamba wosanjikiza - woyera - pemphero ndi Kudandaula Georgiyu Pobedonostsu, amene kwa zaka zambiri, ndi woyang'anira m'mayiko Russian. Komanso, mtundu uwu ndi chizindikiro cha nsembe ya anthu Russian. Iye ali wokonzeka kugwira dziko mu liwiro kupereka zonse kwa dziko lawo, ngati kusunga ukulu wake ndi ulemu.

Pali lina lomwe kodi mtundu mbendera lachifumu. White lamizeremizere - Orthodoxy ndi maziko ndi maziko a moyo. Yellow lamizeremizere - autocracy, amene wavomerezedwa ndi Mpingo Orthodox ngati njira yokhayo ya mphamvu chopatsidwa ndi Mulungu. Black lamizeremizere - mtundu zachokera ziphunzitso ndi autocracy. Black - chifukwa mtundu wa dziko lapansi, Russia ayenera moyo ntchito wolemekezeka pansi.

mikangano

White-chikasu wakuda mbendera monga boma mbendera mu zaka 15-20 ankaona bwino osati kutsutsana. Koma pafupi ndi 70 m la XIX m'ma mu ufumuwo analimbitsa chitsutso cha mabwalo owolowa manja, amene amatsutsa mafumu. mamembala ake ankafuna mu dziko anayamba kutsatira chitsanzo Western chitukuko. Chifukwa, iwo akhala akulakalaka kwa ophiphiritsa European. Ovomerezedwa ndi Peter Ine mbendera mu kumlingo anafotokoza zizindikiro European.

Monarchists anamenyera kuteteza mbendera lachifumu. zolinga zawo momveka bwino: mtundu umodzi - ndi umodzi Ufumu, choncho munthu lachifumu mbendera. Kutanthauza onse pamodzi - dziko m'patali ndipo uchite zinthu mwamphamvu.

Imperial mbendera: awiriwo?

1881 - chaka cha imfa ya Alexander II. imfa adadza na lovuta kwambiri ndi zofunika mphindi pa dziko. Alexander III posachedwapa (mu 1883, 28 April) anapereka woyera buluu wofiira mbendera ya udindo wa mayiko amphamvu, ngakhale iye anapereka kuchita kokha malonda mbendera. Zinthu zovuta chifukwa chakuti kanthu mbendera ya ufumu sichinayambe zimafika.

Mu 1887, a Order linaperekedwa ndi akuluakulu a asilikali omwe ankadzinenera mbendera wakuda-chikasu woyera monga fuko lachifumu.

zinali okayikira kwambiri, ayenera yomweyo kusankha chinachake. Mu April 1896, akuluakulu a Academy of Sciences ndi Utumiki anaganiza kuti latsopano mwayekha dziko mbendera kungakhale. A lachifumu mbendera fleur alibe mwambo.

Nicholas II analamula kukonzekera coronation coronation lake latsopano mbendera, ndi zinachitika zimene zinali zofanana ndi mbendera anzake amene analipo m'mbuyomo.

Mu March 1896, pamaso coronation ndi, Nicholas II, asonkhane oimira Academy of Sciences ndi ena ndi osiyana mautumiki. msonkhano anaganiza kuti galu ayenera kutchedwa dziko, Russian. mitundu yake amatchedwa boma (wofiira, buluu ndi zoyera).

Kutanthauzira kwa latsopano Tri-mtundu

mitundu yatsopano ya mbendera - woyera, buluu ndi wofiira - akhala dziko ndipo analandira kutanthauzira boma. Choncho, zatsopano lachifumu mbendera. Kodi aliyense wa gulu lake?

The mawu olembedwa otchuka kwambiri motere:

• White - chizindikiro cha otchuka ndi Olemba;
• buluu - mwachilungamo chizindikiro cha kudzisunga, silinasinthidwe ndiponso kukhulupirika;
• wofiira - chizindikiro cha kulimba mtima, chikondi, kulimba mtima ndi kuwolowa manja.

Red - wamphamvu. Blue - Lady athu, kuphimba Russia. White - ufulu ndi ufulu. Komanso, mitundu awa akunena za mgwirizano wa White, ndi Little ndi Great Russia. Ngakhale mbiri zovuta a mbendera zoona, chifukwa cha mtundu, palibe mbiri ndi heraldic tanthauzo.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti boma anapitiriza ntchito galu watsopano monga boma. Soviet Union sizinayende anakana galu. Only mu 1918, Ya. M. Sverdlov atapereka ovomerezeka kulimbana mbendera ofiira omwe anakhala boma kwa zaka 70.

pamaso zitasintha

Koma mkangano anapitiriza. Mu 1910, pa May 10 unakhazikitsidwa ndi msonkhano wapadera, chaired ndi Nduna ya Za Chilungamo A. N. Verevkin. Cholinga cha msonkhano uwu unali kulongosolerana funso monga amene ali chimodzimodzi mtundu boma, dziko. Pa nkhani imeneyi pali asayansi yaikulu heraldist. Ngakhale ntchito nthawi yaitali, iwo samakhoza kupeza bwino phunziro heraldic aliyense wa mbendera ya. Koma asayansi ambiri ankakhulupirira kuti mitundu mitundu - wakuda, wachikasu ndi woyera. Russian lachifumu mbendera kuvala mitundu izi. Wina mbendera yekha wamalonda zombo madzi kumtunda akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Komanso, monarchists adzabwerera ndi "olondola" mbendera pa nthawi ya akuyandikira 300th chikumbutso kwa Romanov House.

July 27, 1912 kuchita msonkhano, imene anaganiza kuti maganizo wachiwiri kuchokera amazionera a kufunika ndi kuvomereza othandiza. Awa anali kutenga ntchito yapadera mu Utumiki wa apanyanja.

The Commission misonkhano iwiri. Ambiri mavoti chifukwa anaganiza kuti msonkhano wapadera kwa Utumiki wa Justice kovuta kusintha anali akufuna.

Bungwe la nduna za 10 September 1914 anaganiza amanena nkhani ku Unduna wa sitima mbendera. Koma kuyambira mu 1914, boma ndi anthu sizikanatha kuthana ndi mikangano heraldic. Ife anatha kulenga "kudalirana" a mbendera zonse. White-buluu wofiira mbendera mu "Kryzhi" tsopano anali ndi lalikulu chikasu ndi wakuda mphungu awiri mutu. Pa First World nkhondo, inaonetsa umodzi wa mtundu ndi ufumu.

Patapita zaka 70

RSFSR boma November 5, 1990 anaganiza zopanga ntchito ya State chizindikiro ndi mbendera ya dziko. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, tiyenera anakhazikitsa bungwe lomwe boma. Mu njira ya lingaliro kutsitsimutsa woyera buluu wofiira mbendera. Anathandiza izo pamodzi. Ndipo November 1, 1991 Kusintha kwa Constitution Analeredwa pa Congress cha akuluakulu of Russia. Komanso, kukonzedwa nkhani, amene anafotokoza Flag National.

Imperial mbendera lero

funso mobwerezabwereza anakulira M'zaka zaposachedwapa zokhudza mmene angakhalire kumbuyo mbendera lachifumu. Koma mu izi kanthu zambiri zolakwika. Kuyambira ndi chakuti ndi osadziwika yeniyeni ndi yoyenera dongosolo la maluwa. Komanso, ndi mbendera a m'banja lachifumu. M'lingaliro, tsopano akubwerera mbendera ya Russia - lachifumu mbendera - siwoyenera.

Mwatsoka, anthu ambiri sakumvetsa tanthauzo mbendera lachifumu. Nthawi zambiri kuonedwa ngati mbendera Nazi kusokoneza iwo ndi nationalists lapansi.

Pali zochitika zamakono zamakono - "Kolovrat". Mbendera yamfumu imanyamula zizindikiro, zomwe zimamveka kwa anthu odzipereka ndi okhulupirira enieni. Pakatikati pa chinsalu muli chizindikiro cha Asilavic - Kolovrat, kapena Gromovnik. Makolo athu akajambula chizindikiro cha dzuwa, iwo anapempha thandizo la milungu. Iwo ankawathandiza pa nkhani za usilikali. Iwo anapempha kuti azikolola zochuluka, iwo ankafuna kulandira chidziwitso chopatulika, zomwe sizinafikire nthawi yathu. Tsopano sizikudziwika bwino lomwe mbendera ya ufumu wa Russia imatanthauza. Koma kwa anthu ena, adakalibe umunthu ndikugonjetsa Ufumu wa Russia.