Mbalame bowerbird: kufotokoza, malo okhala ndi mfundo zosangalatsa

Shalashnikov - ndi mbalame, imodzi ya banja la passerine kuti ndi wachibale wa mbalame - ndi mpheta wamba. Komabe, mosiyana ndi mpheta, mbalame bower sakhala mu M'madera a zitunda kotentha ankaona nkhalango zotentha ndi kunyanja ya Australia ndi New Guinea.

mafotokozedwe

Kunja besedkovye mbalame ndi bower mbalame, zingaoneke amatikumbutsa mpheta wathu, koma kusiyana akadali lalikulu.

Choncho, akazi kwenikweni ofanana ndi iwo, chifukwa iwo ali ndi zowonda zofewa mtundu zakuda wa imvi ndi zofiirira ndi yaing'ono iridescent wobiriwira ndi buluu. Iwo yokutidwa ndi specks wakuda.

Amuna coloration kunja amasiyana akazi. Iwo ali pafupifupi monochromatic yowala nthenga zakuda zimene shimmer mu kuwala buluu ndi mdima mitundu buluu. Cacikulu mtundu mu mbalame si wowala. Komabe, amuna a mitundu ndi crests pa mitu yawo. Shalashnikov lodziwika osati maonekedwe awo ndi khalidwe lawo. Nthawi zambiri, poyerekezera ndi anthu ambiri mitundu zotentha za mbalame bower mbalame amasiyana mtundu wodzichepetsa kwambiri ndi maonekedwe ambiri.

Makulidwe bowerbird (mbalame) ang'ono. Patapita nthawi kufika pafupi 20-35 cm. Zibambo amakhala akuluakulu pang'ono kuposa akazi. Mu Australia ndi ku New Guinea, kunyumba kwa mitundu pafupifupi zaka makumi awiri cha mbalame, ndi chiwerengero cha genera mbalame ndi zisanu ndi zitatu zokha.

mbali kunja

Monga tanenera kale pamwambapa, akazi ndi zolembera mtundu komwe chimaposa ndi kum'chitira Kamaoneka, ndipo amuna ndi mdima, ndi predominance wa kulocha bluish. Koma anapiye, iwo, monga ulamuliro, amabadwa ndi zofanana chekeni amayi awo.

Ngati iwo akupeza anapiye akulu mtundu awo akhoza zimasiyana ndi kukuwalira osati kuposa amayi, koma kwambiri catchy kuposa mitundu bambo awo.

Mbalame bowerbird: moyo

Amuna ndi akazi a mitundu ndi mitala, mwa chirengedwe, ndi zibwenzi zingapo. Pankhaniyi, aamuna kukopa mkazi m'njira zosiyanasiyana, mmodzi wa chinsinsi mating kuvina. Mbalame bower mbalame pa panopa kukopa anyamata, osati mwa kuvina.

Njira yaikulu kutenga malo a akazi ndi mipata kudzera zomwe iwo dzina mbalame-Shalashnikov. Nest nyumba amuna a nthambi, masamba ndi zinthu zina zazing'ono kuti angapezeke mu nkhalango.

Improvised, akumanga ndi zisa sikunachitekepo kwathunthu, nthawi zina ndi mawonekedwe zachilendo kwambiri. Iwo zili pansi ndi zambiri kutenga maonekedwe a chihema kapena chinachake chokhala ndi Chipilala.

Monga ulamuliro, ndi kanyumba chokongoletsedwa ndi osiyanasiyana zinthu owala, kuti akope tcheru ngati kuli kotheka. Kungakhale zipatso, zipatso, bowa ndi maluwa. Aliyense chinthu chowala angaphunzitse chokongoletsera nyumba. The owala hema, wamkulu mwayi wa kupambana.

Ngakhale mahema izi nthawi zambiri kuonedwa ngati zisa za mbalame Ndipotu si. Tsambali cholinga pongofuna mating ndi chisa mwachindunji kudyetsa ana amachitika mitengo.

Mbalame bowerbird. mfundo zosangalatsa

Ndipotu choseketsa ndi colonizers European anafika ku Australia, anadabwa kwambiri kuona kwake nkhalango undetermined chiyambi. Kwa nthawi yaitali palibe munthu akanakhoza kumvetsa chimene icho chiri ndi chifukwa chake.

Timaika patsogolo mfundo zosiyanasiyana za chiyambi, chifukwa, ndithudi, palibe amene sichinachitikepo, kuti nyumba zoterozo zikhoza tinkering mbalame. Malingaliro ambiri anali maganizo a Captain Stokes, ankaganiza kuti mahema - ndi manja a anthu am'deralo amene ankapanga iwo kwa zosangalatsa za ana awo.

Inalinso view atapereka kazembe Sir George Grey, amene ankakhulupirira kuti kumanga tinyumba ta kangaroo. Sizikudziwika ndendende motsogozedwa Gray, akukankha kopanda ichi. Ambiri mwina, ndi kangaroos kuti iye ankaona zolengedwa zina zachilendo, kuti ankakhulupirira iwo ankatha chilichonse.

mavuto

Natural malo a malo mbalame nkhalango zotentha kumpoto kum'mawa Australia ndi New Guinea. N'zosadabwitsa kuti waukulu vuto chilengedwe cha bowerbird nkhuku ndi kudula mitengo mwachisawawa.

Vuto limeneli pachimake lero pamaso pa Boma la Australia, monga chifukwa cha izi zimakhudza osati bower mbalame, koma zina zambiri nyama kuderako m'dzikoli.

Kumene, kuwonjezera kuchepetsa malo a mbalame malo, pali mavuto ena. Mwachitsanzo, mpweya, amenenso ali kungasokoneze mbalame. Izi kwenikweni zimakhudza kubalana wa nyama akhala kutali zochepa kubereka kuposa kale.

kubalana

Unamwali amuna bowerbirds akubwera apo zaka 6-7. Akazi okhwima mofulumira ndi zaka 2-3, wokonzeka amamuchitira ndi kuberekana.

Mating nyengo ya mbalame limatenga imodzi ndi theka kapena miyezi iwiri mu imeneyi kwa October kwa December, pamene kum'mwera Chigawo masika Earth.

Kamodzi bowerbird mkazi akhoza kuyika kwa mazira atatu (kawirikawiri 1-2), ndi makulitsidwe ndondomeko amatenga pafupi masabata atatu. Kenako pakubwera nthawi ya kudya. Kulera anapiye wamkazi yekha, mwamuna satenga mbali mu anakulira.

Patapita miyezi iwiri anapiye kuphunzira kuwuluka ndi kusiya chisa, kuyambira kutsogolera wodziimira akadzakula. Iwo kale wokonzeka moyo kunja kwa makolo awo chisa. Komabe, iwo adzatha kawetedwe sadzakhala posachedwa, choncho, anthu a mbalame ikukula pang'onopang'ono, koma chifukwa chiwerengero cha mbalame ekoproblemami likunena zimachepa.

M'mikhalidwe zachilengedwe, moyo amayembekezeka bowerbirds mbalame, kawirikawiri pa dongosolo la zaka 8-10. Kumalo osungira ndi malo ena kumene mbalame ndi kuyang'aniridwa ndi munthu, iwo akhoza moyo wake ankacheperachepera.

Pomaliza

Shalashnikov ndi mbalame wapadera amene ali okha m'dera m'dzikoli. khalidwe lawo ndi zapadera chifukwa maofesi amenewa samanga pafupifupi aliyense padziko nyama.

Chikhalidwe zosowa mbalame kuvumbitsira chidwi kwambiri phunziro la Alonda mbalame padziko lonse, kotero mu Australia ndi New Guinea ndi zonse anachezeredwa ndi ophunzira padziko lonse kuchita anaziika ndi kuphunzira bowerbirds.

Chifukwa si vuto bwino zachilengedwe, anthu a mbalame izi mofulumira zimachepa. akuluakulu a dziko zikukangalika akulimbana ndi vuto limeneli, koma mbalame malo amakhalabe yovuta kwambiri. Masiku ano, kumalo osungira ambiri komanso malo maso mbalame mokondwera kutenga mu mndandanda wake wa mbalame.

Mwina ya ntchito ikuchitika ndi mabungwe osiyanasiyana a boma ndi ena kupulumutsa mtundu izi adzatsogolera chakuti mbalame zithe kukhala pafupi kutha, ndipo anthu awo limakhazikitsa.

N'zovuta kulingalira n'kofunika kuti kulibe, mogwirizana ndi kuteteza mitundu ya mbalame, ndi nyama kuderako.