Galeta nyamayi: kufotokoza, miyeso, zithunzi

Kutchula koyamba za izo woimira yekha wa mtundu Mesonychoteuthis amanena za chiyambi cha m'ma XX. Wotchuka katswiri Robsonom G. K. anafotokoza nyamayi Galeta kulemera kwa amene theka tani. Mu zaka wotsatira, mfundo zake Tinalandira, ndi cholengedwa chimphona pafupifupi anaiwala. Koma mu 1970, mphutsi za chirombo pa nyanja apezeka ndi zaka 9 anadzapeza munthu wamkulu pa mita m'litali. dziko yoyamba imene munaphunzira kuti kuli molluscs izi mu 1856. Pambuyo wasayansi ndi Stenstrup anaganiza kuyerekeza kukula kwa mulomo pa nyanja, ndi kukula kwa nyamayi mwachizolowezi. The chifukwa anadabwa - kuchokera deta zinaoneka nkhono ayenera kukhala yaikulu.

mafotokozedwe

Galeta nyamayi oponya ali ndi thupi elongated. M'litali miinjiro wake mpaka mamita atatu, ndi tentacles - onse khumi. Kulemera oimira makamaka lalikulu kungakhale makilogalamu 500. Komabe, pali umboni wa nkhono zikuluzikulu ndi mamita 20 m'litali ndi masekeli kuposa tani, koma deta sangakhoze zalembedwa.

Zovala ndi lonse, wachitatu lotsiriza la kutalika kwa mchira wake anamaliza chilumba yopapatiza, wazunguliridwa ndi amphamvu, wandiweyani zipsepse osachiritsika. Oterewa pafupifupi hafu ya kutalika thupi ndi nkhono mu mawonekedwe kukodzedwa mawonekedwe chokhala mtima. Chobvala zofewa, ndi makulidwe a za 5-6 cm. Nyuzi ndi occipital chichereŵechereŵe wandiweyani, lalifupi, pang'ono yokhota kumapeto mu mbewa wamkulu mosatsata timabamputimabampu lapansi.

diso Amazing ali m'patali nyamayi. Photo, anaika pansipa, amatilola amaona bwino. Ongokhala photophores awiri alidi lingamutsatire - awiri awo ndi 27 masentimita. Izi diso chimphona alibe chilichonse nyama amadziwika pa dziko.

tentacles The zili ndi mizere iwiri ya suckers chonse maces, mizere iwiri ya ngowe, ili medial ndi lateral suckers yaing'ono. Komanso, pali nyama kugwira wamphamvu mikono yaitali, chachikulu m'munsi ndi Kakhungu chachikulu ndi malekezero woonda. Pa tentacles adani, ndipo yeniyeni mu gawo yapakati pali zingapo awiriawiri kapyushonovidnyh ngowe ndi mmunsi mwa iwo okonzeka ndi zida zomatira.

Chida chachikulu, amene ali nyamayi m'patali - Ichitu molimba chitinous mulomo.

Zimapezekanso

Chimphona nsombayi limapezeka ambiri mu madzi Antarctic kumene akhoza kupanga kuwundana anthu angapo. Mu kumpoto, chiwerengero chawo ndi zochepa, ndipo iwo kusaka makamaka yekha. Komanso nyamayi anapeza gombe la South Africa, New Zealand ndi America South.

Antarctic nyamayi Galeta zomwe zithunzi atengedwa, opezeka pa akuya mamita 2-4 zikwi, ndipo pafupifupi pamwamba. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zovuta kuphunzira khalidwe lake mu pompo-pompo.

Malo kupeza Wonenedwa mollusk zingadziŵike ndi kutentha pamwamba. Choncho, ayenera kukumana ndi iwo n'zotheka pa kutentha madzi a -0,9 0 ° C. Kuyambira December kwa March, inu mukhoza kuwona iwo mu M'madera a zitunda mkulu Antarctic.

miyeso

dimorphism kugonana anasonyeza penapake zachilendo - wamkazi m'patali nyamayi ndi yokulirapo kuposa amuna. Zotsalira za molluscs amuna ndi akazi anazipeza mimba ya zinsomba umuna. Kutalika kwa matupi awo anali 80-250 masentimita, ndi makilogalamu misa-mpaka 250. Yaikulu mu mbiriyakale m'patali nyamayi anagwidwa ndi asodzi ku New Zealand mu 2007 mu madzi Antarctic. M'litali nsalu yake inali 3 m, okwana kutalika - 10 m, ndi kulemera - 495 makilogalamu.

kudya ndi kubalana mbali

Inde, moyo wa ngale izi chimphona, pang'ono amadziwika, koma ofufuza anali kudziwa luso lapadera. Mu chamoyo awo lili wambirimbiri mankhwala enaake ammonium pa kuchepetsa kulemera yeniyeni, zomwe zimachititsa nyamayi ndale buoyancy. Chifukwa ichi iwo akhoza kudula mwa ndime madzi, pafupifupi popanda ikuyenda. Choncho, ogwirira angathe kubisa ndi kuyembekezera nyama yake. Anasambira pafupi kwambiri kuti agwire iwo kudzawatenga tentacles ndi ulikolowole ndi mbedza.

Iwo kudyetsa makamaka zimphona lanternfishes, nsomba mesopelagic, Antarctic toothfish. Komabe, njira zawo si lilibe kudya. Akuluakulu akhoza kudya nkhono mwachangu ndi anthu mwana wa mtundu wawo.

Pogonana anthu okhwima kukhala, pamene kutalika ya chobvala ndi osachepera 1 mita, ndi kulemera - 25 kg. Spawning zimachitika yozizira mochedwa kapena kasupe oyambirira.

adani

Ngakhale kukula chidwi nyamayi Galeta zomwe tafotokozazi, ali adani ake. Chief mwa awa ndi umuna chinsomba. Kuti tipeze kunali kotheka kwa wapezeka zatsalira m'patali nyamayi m'mimba mwawo. Small anthu mwana akhoza kudyetsa albatrosses ndi Antarctic toothfish.

Mwachibadwa, makamaka kwambiri madzi nsombayi mdani kwambiri ndi mwamuna. nyama wachifundo nyamayi ntchito yokonzekera mbale zosiyanasiyana. Komabe, ngati inu kupanga izi chimphona mwambo mbale wa calamari, m'mimba mwake wa odulidwa mphete yake idzakhala mofanana ndi awiri a matayala thalakitala.

Cholimbana anthu

About Nyamayi, kapena m'malo a kuukira pa anthu zalembedwa ntchito zambiri za luso. Yotchuka kwambiri awa ndi ntchito za Jules Verne.

Koma moyo analoseranso nthawi imene nyamayi m'patali pomenyana zombo. Mwachitsanzo, ntchito nkhani zinachitika ndi panyanjawa French pa kuzungulira dziko mpikisano.

Malinga ndi chimodzi wa a panyanjawa awo Olivier de A Kersuasona, nsombayi anagwira yatchi awo astern maola ochepa pamene iwo anachoka Brittany. amalinyero anauzidwa kuti chimphona sitima pa nyanja atakulungidwa wakuda wake, chachikulu kuposa ndi phazi, tentacles ndipo ndinayamba kukoka ngalawayo m'nyanja. tentacles awiri oletsedwa zowongolera. Koma mwamwayi, oyendetsa samayenera kulimbana naye. Kamodzi bwato anaima, nkhono anamasuka nsinga wake, na ciyezezo mu kuya kwa nyanja.

Nthawi ina anauza oyendetsa, nyamayi kutalika kwa thupi choposa mamita 8, ndi ngati nyama anali amtopola, ndi waluso kwambiri kumsewu ngalawa adzawonongedwa.

ogwirira pang'ono odziwika

Asayansi ankangochita okhudza 250 milandu misonkhano anthu ndi nyama Galeta koma ochepa anatha kuona chimphona moyo. Ndi asayansi yemweyo kuti n'zotheka Sichinatsitsidwe waponya. Iwo kuphunzira kokha zotsalira yotengedwa kuchokera m'mimba cha adani m'madzi, ndipo thupi anasamba doko kapena kukusangalatsani oyendetsa.

Ngakhale pang'ono amadziwika koma sizingafanane ndi nthumwi ina ya kalasi wake ukanakhala nyamayi. Makulidwe, chithunzi akhoza kugunda aliyense. Kwambiri colossi, amanenera, kufika kutalika mamita 20 ndiponso kulemera kwa tani munthu.

Kodi zaka wokhala mu dziko la zimphona izi ambiri akhala chinsinsi. N'zotheka kuti pang'ono ndithu, popeza utali wamoyo mitundu yambiri kale kuphunzira nyamayi ndi pang'ono kuposa chaka.