Hevea mtengo ndiponso "mphira mkaka"

Imodzi mwa zomera zodabwitsa kuti amayi Nature wadzaza dziko lathu, ndi mtengo Hevea. Kodi wapadera, zimene iye anabwera ndi ntchito ya munthu, ndi momwe imaoneka? Dziwani izi.

Maonekedwe ndi mbali ya zomera

Hevea (mphira mtengo) - chomera otentha yomwe imapezeka mu Indonesia, Malaysia, ndi ku South America. Special n'chakuti pamene ang'ambe thupilo la kotekisi zimene kunja yamkaka woyera kuyamwa, amene akufanana bwino milkweed madzi ndi dandelion. Achisanu misa yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Amwenye kupanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana banja, kuphatikizapo mipira ya masewera mwambo.

Hevea mtengo pawokha wa mtundu wa mitengo wofiira, zosiyana zapadera mphamvu ndi kuwumitsa nkhuni, amenenso mosavuta pokonza. Nkhani zake kugonjetsedwa ndi kuvunda, choncho kwambiri cholimba ndi wokongola. Koma mtengo waukulu uwu chomera yobiriwira mamita mpaka makumi asanu yapamwamba juwisi.

mkaka mphira

Umu ndi mmene anthu a kotentha amatchedwa madzi, umene amapereka Hevea mbewu. Zodzitetezela (madzi omwewo mwasayansi) amapangidwa kutali mtengo uliwonse. Mu malo oyamba ayenera kufika zaka khumi kapena khumi ndi ziwiri. Ndipo kudziwa zaka za mitengo mphira amathandiza okha kutalika kwake ndi awiri a thunthu, monga mphete pa odulidwa ndi kapangidwe iwo ali. "Akuluakulu" tinganene kuti chomera kutalika mamita 24 ndipo m'mimba mwake wa 75 masentimita. Kuchotsa mphira ku mtengo umodzi kungakhale kwa zaka makumi atatu, ndiye iye kudula n'kuikapo zomera wamng'ono. Koma makamaka geveyu kumuyika: mu lonyowa ndi kutentha malo a mbewu yake yaikulu kuti amafanana chestnuts, iwo kumera. Choncho anthu ogwira ntchito, ngakhale kukakamizidwa kuti woonda kunja inamera zomera wamng'ono, kotero iwo sali nkhalango.

Dziwani kuti lalabala ndi yotengedwa osati za mitengo ya mphira. Similar katundu wa madzi wandiweyani ena mitundu ya nkhuyu, komanso zomera ku Brazil - zipatso kwambiri, ndi mphira kwa iyo ya apamwamba khalidwe. Ndicho chifukwa mtengo Hevea wodzazidwa munda dziko lonse.

Kodi kusonkhanitsa mphira?

Madzi amene yotengedwa mitengo ya labala, ali, kupatula labala, madzi, mapuloteni, resins, shuga ndi phulusa. Choncho, pambuyo kusonkhanitsa madzi oyera ndi "cholizira" m'madzi. Izi otchedwa labala, amene kenako lidzasinthidwa mfundo mankhwala osiyanasiyana mphira.

M'mawa uliwonse, mtengo Hevea pansi ntchito ngati: mu thunthu wapadera mpeni ang'ambe thupilo, chakuya ndi mumbali. Pansi pake amamangiriridwa chidebe kwa kusonkhanitsa madzi mkaka - dothi kapena zadothi makapu ang'ono. Per tsiku pa zomera akhoza amatengedwa mazana awiri magalamu a madzi. Pambuyo nkhomaliro, ntchito bypasses mphira munda ndi merges zili zonse akhoza. Ndipo kenako "Kudzakolola" chitumidwa kwa fakitale kwa processing zina.

Hevea madzi fakitale

Kodi kuchita ndi madzi anasonkhana ku mtengo zachilendo? fyuluta ake, asidi acetic nawatsanulira mu mapepala lalikulu kuphika. Pali ting'onoting'ono basi ndi solidified. Ndiyeno nsalu zoyera adagulung'undisa kupyolera masikono unatengera chitsulo ndi zouma. Chomaliza - kusuta, amene mphira amakhala mtundu voskoprozrachny ndi kutetezedwa nyerere njala.

Moyo wa mtengo umodzi

Dziwani kuti akale labala mtengo amaoneka oipa. Ake chifukwa tsiku lililonse kwa zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri amaipitsa mabala. kutumphuka Izi kwathunthu chimakwirira thunthu ku mbali kukula anthu (pamwamba pa madzi yosonkhanitsa kovuta). Aliyense ufa watsopano n'chozama kupitirira okwana yapita ya kotekisi, ndipo pamene mbali imodzi ya mtengo yokutidwa ndi notches, pite ku lina. Pamene sipadzakhala malo osafikiridwa, wogwira ntchito udzabwerera kwa kutsogolo kwa thunthu ndi mabala omangika chilonda "mabala". Onse kwa moyo wa mtengo mphira pa thupi lake waikamo mabala zikwi khumi, amene kusonkhanitsa matani awiri mphira.

Tikumbukenso kuti nkhani za m'minda mphira - n'kwabwino kwambiri. Pa msika dziko tani zopangira ndalama pafupifupi madola, ndi mtengo wina akhoza kupereka chaka cha madzi a madola 40-50, popanda ndalama zoonjezera. Ndicho chifukwa mu Chimaleya Archipelago pa chidutswa chirichonse zilipo m'dziko ikukula Hevea. Tree chithunzi chimene m'nkhani ino tikambirana mphatso ya milungu, ndipo ndi mbali yofunika ya chuma cha.

afterword

Dziwani kuti masiku ano ntchito nkhuni ndi matabwa mphira kwa mipando, mafelemu, Chalk khitchini, pansi. matabwa kudula makamaka wabwino kwa izo, chifukwa iwo alibe kuyamwa chinyontho. A wapadera mitundu Hevea amalola zinthu yekha ndi kukhazikitsa malingaliro ambiri chongoyerekeza opanga. Apa, wapadera mtengo Dziko Latsopano, limene moyo wa anthu bwino kwambiri. Ndipo tsopano ntchito yaikulu ya Homo sapiens ndi kuteteza mbewu, chifukwa akhoza kutha kwa nkhope ya dziko lapansi chifukwa cha mphamvu ya ntchito zake.