Maziko pansi kusamba ndi lakuya kwambiri. Ngalande mu kusamba: chipangizo ndi mbali constructional

A maziko khalidwe ndi maziko a nyumba anamangidwira pa malo munthu. Kamodzi kulenga mamangidwe ntchito miyala yosiyanasiyana anaphonya dongo ndipo anakoloweka Kapangidwe ka zipika. Masiku ano pali njira zambiri zomangira kulenga amphamvu ndi odalirika thandizo.

Kuchokera pa zimene zimadalira kusankha m'munsi

Fundam kusamba pansi lakuya anasankha aliyense dongosolo payekha malinga mfundo za bungwe la kusamba ndi miyeso wonse, makhalidwe a geodesic malawi dera.

Zotsatirazi mitundu ya magawo:

• maganizo obwerawa kawirikawiri ntchito osambira, ndi wokometsedwa kwa madzi mkulu nthaka ndi malo mchenga wotitimira.
• Tepi ndi njira wotchuka kwambiri, oyenera dothi ndi tebulo otsika pansi.
• Mulu-wononga kapena columnar, ntchito nyumba ya zipika kapena matabwa pa nthaka mchenga.
• Monolithic anapanga pa akuyandama dothi mtundu ndi mkulu malo madzi.

pamalo

malo kusankha kwa yomanga amafuna njira aakulu, monga kapangidwe ali kutumikira kwa zaka zambiri. Mwina kusamba wagawo, patokha ndiponso kukonza kutambasuka kwa nyumba. Zikatero, maziko ayenera kutsatira maziko onse a nyumba ndi kumanga. Iwo ali osavomerezeka kuti Mzere maziko, ngati nyumba yokha waimirira milu wononga.

Mbali chipinda nthunzi ayenera udzakhazikitsidwe kuchokera mitengo ndi zitsamba, ngati nsakali ndi utsi Kutentha iwo sali kwambiri.

Udindo Kodi polojekiti

Ngati nyumba ina, pamaso bwanji kuti maziko pansi kusamba, muyenera Pre-kukonzekera, si kwambiri, kaya opangidwa kulembetsa Anamanga. Chitsanzo ntchito - ichi ndi njira yachangu, kupereka mwayi kusankha kwambiri. Popanda iye, pamafunika Ziwerengero imene onse chuma ndi ndalama masamu.

Mzere maziko

Ngati dera la munda kapena pansi lowe, osambira chipangizo zimakhala zochepa kwa mtundu m'munsi tepi ndi gulu grouted. Pambuyo kuyanika, nthunzi aikidwako, kawirikawiri mu mawonekedwe a chuma denga. Akhungu dera lomwe m'lifupi thandizo za wina mita atetezedwe a pansi chifukwa dothi ndi miyala.

Ntchito yomanga Nyumba Zam'mwamba

Ngati dothi osauka, zomangamanga adzakhala njira yotulukira mulu maziko. Zinthu zimathandiza kuti bwino, ntchito mlingo mofulumira mapangidwe ndi opepuka kamangidwe. Nthawi ya mavuto n'zotheka pamene kudzaza danga pakati pa nsanamira alipo, koma ngakhale pano, ena khama, mukhoza kumaliza ntchito zonse mofulumira zokwanira.

The milu zambiri anathamangitsidwa mu nthaka, kenako kaphatikizidwe mothandizidwa ndi matabwa a. Pamaso bwanji kuti maziko pansi kusamba, m'pofunika kuganizira kuti mtunda pakati pa wothandiza ndi mzati iyenera kukhala mamita osachepera awiri. Tonga mizati kupangidwa mwa njerwa, n'zothekanso ntchito chomenyedwa, mapaipi asibesitosi-simenti ndi konkire.

Ngalande ladzala pambuyo khazikitsa mizati mchenga dzenje kwa m'ma msinkhu, ndiye wasambitsa ndi madzi ndi mwamphamvu ting'onoting'ono basi. Pakati pa zipilala popangidwa ndi khoma, mmene m'munsi limatuluka mlingo pansi, grout limagwirizana wokutidwa ndi denga anamvera.

columnar m'munsi

Doko maziko pansi kusamba ndi ofanana pomanga lapansi ndi okhutira mkulu wa miyala chabwino, mchenga ndi dongo. Bukuli lili ndi zipilala za konkire kapena njerwa amene anaika ndi phula osachepera mamita awiri. Pamaso kudzaza nsanamira m'manda chozama kupitirira mlingo wa m'nthawi yozizira. Kenako partitions anaika pakati pa zipilala zonse ndi chuma denga yaikidwa. Tikumbukenso kuti ntchito ya oipa kusiyana njerwa zofiira ndi silicate, chifukwa unsuitability awo eg amenewa.

Ngakhale madalitso ambiri, m'malo ovuta maziko kuya anatsimikiza pansi kusamba a mtundu ndi chiwerengero Napempha kwa milu. Komanso, zida apadera m'pofunika ntchito kupanga m'zitsime.

Zimene muyenera kudziwa

Koyambirira kusamba anachita kumaliseche makamaka osati wa bungwe la madzi opangidwa kudzera tizibowo pansi. Koma ndi chitukuko cha luso chakhala ambiri dongosolo la kachitidwe kuchimbudzi, amene athe bungwe woyenera wa madzi. Maziko kuda kusamba Iwo ayenera kuganizira mfundo zina zabwino zonse kamangidwe.

Pamene ntchito yomanga simungakhoze kuchita popanda kudziwa zogwirizana ndi luso. Komabe, mukhoza kuyamba nthunzi anu chipinda ndi kupanga maziko. Ngati pa malo anapeza kale kusamba ndi panalibe gulu njira kumaliseche, mukhoza kukonza nyumba kuchimbudzi. Limagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono, kusonkhanitsa ndi kukwaniritsa madzi kuchokera nyumba.

Kungachititse ndalama yokulirapo ngati pasadakhale kusamalira zogwiritsa ntchito onse asanayambe kumanga kusamba. The lonse unsembe ndondomeko madzi ogwiritsidwa ntchito dongosolo ndi yolusa a m'munsi pulasitiki, amene kenako ayenera kuwonjezekeredwa pansi. Popeza ya pulasitiki ndi zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito zimagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana mwambo amatunga yokumba. Lili ndi ubwino ambiri angatsutse:

• Eco-wochezeka chuma;
• tisaletse unsembe;
• madzi kukana;
• wangwiro ndi ang'ono kukonzedwa
• ntchito kwambiri mu osiyanasiyana kutentha;
• mwangwiro poyera gluing ndi soldering.

patsogolo kwa ntchito

Kuwonjezera PVC filimu, komanso kugula makwerero pulasitiki. Pansi ayenera dzenje awiri pang'ono choposa makwerero, kuyambira filimu adzakhala komweko. wochindikala ndi 1 mm. Izo zikuika makwerero pa ngodya ya chipinda, pamene mmunsi mwa otsetsereka a.

Una kupyolera mu pansi, amene adzadutsa zimbudzi mu kusamba, kudula mwa jigsaw kapena zina chida alipo. Anapanga pambuyo kudula malekezero a matabwa ayenera kukhala pansi chithandizo chapadera zikuchokera nkhuni, kupulumutsa ku chibvundi.

M'pofunikanso powasamalira m'kupita kwa ogwiritsa makwerero chakuti sanali kupitirira mlingo wa pansi, mwinamwake izo kusokoneza unsembe wa lattices matabwa. Ndiye inu mukhoza kuyamba kuika Kakhungu kapena mafilimu kale wotetezedwa yekha makwerero. Amafuna kwambiri kondomu ukhondo sealant mu mafupa a filimu. Kuti ngalande mu kusamba anali nawo otetezeka, chitoliro ndi mwamphamvu yomatidwa ndi joists ndi subfloor.

Kumene, pamafunika nthawi m'malo a zimagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Koma ngakhale izi, njira imeneyi amakhala ndi dzuwa ndi mosatekeseka, monga ndizofunika uliwonse zaka 3-4. Kuchimbudzi chitoliro m'kupita pansi m'munsi, ndi insulated ndi zipangizo zapadera. Iwo ayenera kuganizira kukula kwake, monga kutalika ayenera kukhala zokwanira pochitika pansi maziko ndi kupatulako madzi m'ngalande ya madzi onyansa. Desirably, pomanga kusamba zinachitikadi mamita osachepera asanu kuchokera thanki septic.

mavuto zotheka

Eni malo osambira nthawi zambiri polenga vuto zimbudzi pochita mipope kudzera m'munsi lapansi. Pali njira ziwiri:

• ndi likhale mwachindunji runoff pansi m'munsi ya;
• kupanga mauna mu nthaka ndi kuika mipope therethrough.

Koyamba zingaoneke kuti n'kosavuta kukonza maenje, pamene maziko pansi kusamba lakuya ndi pa siteji koyamba za chilengedwe, koma si zonse zotheka. Palinso imabwera sanali kugwilizana ndi kukula anakonza magawo chitoliro. N'zotheka pa zifukwa zotsatirazi:

• Kuvuta sanakonze ndi kupanga maziko;
• kusintha ntchitoyo pa nthawi ndi unsembe ntchito;
• nthaka shrinkage kapena dongosolo lotayirira;
• otsika khalidwe zipangizo ntchito.

Ngakhale umboni tingathere, akatswiri ambiri amalangiza kuti kubowola zibowo chapansi yotsirizidwa. Koma si choncho n'zosavuta kubowola olimba dongosolo konkire. Nawonso ayenera kutsatira mosamala pazipita, chifukwa ngakhale mng'alu lalikulu limene linabuka mu m'munsi, ndi waluso mwa kuzipangitsa unusable.

Fundam kusamba pansi lakuya Mulimonsemo, nkhani zina za madzi ogwiritsidwa ntchito pa. N'chifukwa chake ndi mfundo yofunika kwambiri ya dongosolo la ntchito, mankhwala a kuwerengetsera onse ndi kudziwa pasadakhale mtundu wa zimbudzi.