Marxism - ndi lingaliro wokongola za kufanana chilengedwe

Pamene Karl Marx ndi anzake kuthandizira Friedrich Chichewa analemba awo Communist Manifesto, iwo Mosakayikira ngakhale amaganiza kuti kapepala ndi eerie mzimu zosokera za chiyambi adzakhala bestseller, ndi kumene - mu Russian! Marx yekha sanali dziko lino pa zifukwa zambiri. Choncho, ngakhale sanathe kulingalira kuti adzakhala zoyesayesa malo kukhazikitsa maganizo ake.

Pamene ambiri anafotokoza patapita zaka zambiri, Vladimir Ulyanov (Lenin), Marxism - ndi mankhwala a kaphatikizidwe wa zosakaniza zazikulu zitatu: Chingelezi ndale chuma, malingaliro zosatheka a Thomas More ndi nzeru zachikhalidwe. Iwo ali onse magwero ndi mbali ya chiphunzitso.

Pamene Plekhanov anawamasulira kuti "Manifesto" mu Russian mu 1882, ku Ulaya, ganizo limeneli sanali wotchuka kwambiri. Marxism mu Russia kwambiri, osati analanda m'maganizo, koma nthawi yomweyo anayamba kutsutsana mwa mafani wake. Pachabe Volya luntha kufunafuna ntchito watsopano kwa maphunziro ake ongolankhula.

Marxism - chiphunzitso zochokera maganizo chuma cha dziko. Georgi Plekhanov ankaona nzeru zochuluka sayansi, amene, mosiyana ndi ena, nthambi zazing'ono kwa nzeru za anthu, chimakwirira chithunzi chonse cha chilengedwe chonse. History, mu maganizo ake, kuphunzira njira ya chitukuko cha ku asapita kupanga ndi magulu zipatso.

Chipani cha "kusokonekera", analengedwa ndi Plekhanov ndi Axelrod, anali chizindikiro chinali Russian Marxism. Njira zisinthe anawaona mwa nkhondo pakati atha zaka za m'mbiri ya anthu a m'kalasi ang'onoang'ono ndi bourgeoisie. Kuthana otsiriza anatsegula njira kutsogolo kwa kalasi ntchito.

More kwakukulu miyeso akupita kulimbikitsa mbadwo watsopano wa Russian Marxists - ma Democrat chikhalidwe. Iwo ankaona ndi bourgeoisie, ndipo magulu onse amene amaima pakati ndi proletariat monga reactionary. Zotsutsana mkati RSDLP inatsogolera kuti kugawanika ake mu Bolsheviks ndi Mensheviks mu 1903, pa Congress Wachiwiri wa chipanichi. The Mlengi wa magawano anali Leon Trotsky, atayima pa malo maximalist ndi wotsimikizika. Mu 1917, Bolsheviks ikuchitika kulanda moumiriza mphamvu. Kukwera izo anadziwika yomweyo. Mwachitsanzo, IV Stalin zambiri mwambo umenewu si kusintha nkhani zawo, komanso mayina awo.

Tsopano, palibe kupewedwa kuti achite alimbika mtima ndithu ndipo alibe analogies mbiri kuyesera pa sikisi a dziko la dziko lapansi. Iye anali kuphunzitsa chachikulu ndi Mipikisano mitundu zikuchokera zakale Russian Ufumu, mfundo zambiri zimene mpaka ndiye anali mlendo kwathunthu kwa iye.

Sikuti onse chiphunzitso ichi ankavutika katemera. Marxism - ndicho chiphunzitso, komabe ... ndi renunciation katundu, mwambo wa ukwati ndi bwino kuphunzitsa ana awo ndipo akhalabe zinthu unimplemented a mtundu chikominisi. kufanana Universal amadziwikanso sanapindulebe. Anthu anali anthu, iwo akufuna kuti m'nyumba mwako, ndi katundu wanu.

Komabe, ngakhale masiku ano pali anthu amene Marxism - njira kuthana ndi zotsutsana za anthu masiku ano. Kufuna kufanana ndi chilungamo chikhalidwe imawachititsa kutsegula ndi lero "Communist Manifesto" ndi muwerengenso ndi kusungulumwa za specter asavulaze Europe ...