Madera Social ndi magulu chikhalidwe mu sayansi

Ngakhale Agiriki akale anadziŵa kuti munthu - nyama chikhalidwe. Popanda anthu Padziko Lapansi sangakhale munthu mmodzi, kuyambira pakati pa anthu ena amene ali ndi ena Pantchito za khalidwe, zimadalira chikhalidwe chathu ndi malamulo, munthu amakhala munthu. Madera Social ndi magulu chikhalidwe, mu umene munthu kugwa pa moyo wake, ndipo ndi mphunzitsi, ndi chitsimikizo kuti kuli malamulo amenewa chikhalidwe. M'nkhaniyi, ife mwachidule osonyeza tanthauzo ndi mitundu ya m'madera ndi magulu.

Mfundo za chikhalidwe anthu ndi magulu chikhalidwe akuphunzira kuwerenga maganizo, Chaanthu ndi nzeru chikhalidwe. Asayansi ndiribe kubwera kugwirizana pa tanthauzo bwino zinthuzo chikhalidwe Choncho, pakati pa asayansi, pali maganizo ambiri. Mwachitsanzo, asayansi zikutsutsanazo, kuti ndi kudziwa chinthu. Man Kodi anu zinthu zosangalatsa Mzimuyo dongosolo la magulu, kapena madera chikhalidwe ndi magulu chikhalidwe kudziwa khalidwe la munthu. Mu Chaanthu, sukulu dzina lake nominalism ndi Kuzindikira , motero.

M'njira yopapatiza, madera chikhalidwe ndiponso a moyo akuoneka ngati mgwirizano wa anthu mkati, ubale bwino, amene amachita ngati chinthu chofanana cha moyo chikhalidwe. Monzama kulankhula, pansi mawu awa amatanthauza gulu la anthu ndi makhalidwe ofanana ndi maonekedwe.

Mbali yoyamba, mayanjano izi ophunzira mwakhama moyo pagulu. Madera Social ndi magulu chikhalidwe mowirikiza kusandulika mu ndondomeko ya kusintha, chitukuko kapena kunyoza anthu. chiwerengero chawo wakhala kukula likunena kuti chitukuko ndi kuvuta anthu. Mwachitsanzo, mmadera chikhalidwe ndiponso a moyo, amene zinthu monga kayendedwe chikhalidwe, ndi zina zofunika mu zisinthe. Mwachitsanzo, magulu chikhalidwe ndi mabungwe monga «Green Mtendere», kayendedwe loteteza ufulu wa akazi pa chiyambi cha m'ma XX, kapena kayendedwe LGBT. Wotchuka French Katswiri, kuphunzira kayendedwe chikhalidwe, ndi Alen Turen.

Wotchuka German Katswiri Ferdinand Tönnies ntchito zake zinali kotereku madera chikhalidwe ndi magulu monga Gemeynshaft (dera) ndi Gesellschaft (anthu). Mu mawonekedwe loyamba la mmodzi inextricably zogwirizana ndi dera lake chikhalidwe, amasungunula mu izo. Tenesi anatsindika mfundo yakuti zilizonse ngati osauka mgwirizano. A chitsanzo chapadera cha madera amenewa ndi mudzi, gulu lankhondo kapena mafuko. Ngati, pamene kuyenda mu msewu, mudzaona kuyang'ana bwino kuti azipita kapena china umasinthanitsidwa ndi mawu ochepa zonyozeka, ndiye inu akukhala pakati pa anthu-Gesellschaft. Chotero anthu payekha, munthu munthu wina ndi njira ndipo si mapeto. "Munthu ukakhala m'khamu", mkulu mlingo wa kudzibisa, bwino kwa nzika iliyonse m'dziko.

Sitingathe kunena kuti aliyense wa mitundu ndi chosemphana ndi kulakwa kuli anthu. Mtundu woyamba ndi chibadidwe m'madera chikhalidwe chachikale chinkawavuta, pamene wachiwiri kwa dziko patsogolo ndi zovuta, kuphatikizapo ambiri anthu, zinthu, ndi mabungwe chikhalidwe.