Lithuania - ndalama. Chilituyaniya litas. litas Chilituyaniya kwa yuro (kusinthitsa ndalama)

Lithuania - pakati states ndi mbiri chidwi kwambiri. Palibe njira zochepa chidwi mapangidwe a ndalama dziko la State - litas.

Lithuania: Finance ndi History

Lithuania, monga mukudziwa, ali ndi mbiri yovuta kwambiri mapangidwe ake ndi chitukuko. Mu Middle Ages, m'dera la Lithuania amakono anali mbali ya dziko wamphamvu - Grand Duchy la Lithuania, zomwe ophatikizidwa mu mgwirizano ndi mphamvu ina yaikulu - Rzeczpospolita. Koma mu gawo mapeto a boma m'zaka 18 mochedwa, m'dera la Lithuania amakono anali linalanda ndi Russia. Ruble anakhala ndalama nduna ya mayiko amenewa.

Pa First World nkhondo, dera la Lithuania anali kulamulidwa ndi dziko la Germany. Kusintha ndi dongosolo ndalama m'dera - akuluakulu utakhala kuti anayambitsa yatsopanoyi mu mawonekedwe a kum'mawa German ruble. Pamaziko a mavuto wamphamvu ndale ndiponso nkhondo, Russian Ufumu limaphwasuka kusandulika mu 1917-18. Lithuania amakhala paokha.

Mu zaka zoyambirira za chitukuko wodziimira payekha boma Baltic akupitiriza ntchito German Ostruble. Akatswiri a mbiri yakale apeza precedents ya malipiro chofunika ndalama mu ndalama za maiko ena. Kusamvetsa m'munda wa kufalitsidwa ndalama ali yokakamiza boma kuti asinthe. Komanso, kusintha kwa dongosolo banki chinathandiza mavuto pambuyo nkhondo. Choyamba chinali kukhazikitsa kusintha kwa chizindikiro German (mu Chilituyaniya "auksinas"). Iye anali bwinobwino ntchito mu mawerengedwe a ndalama. Koma posakhalitsa mu chuma cha boma wamng'ono analowa nthawi hyperinflation (by njira, ndipo ambiri pambuyo nkhondo Germany sanali ntchito zabwino kwambiri chuma, amene anakhudzidwa njira ya mtunduwu). Kulipira pa chikhalidwe nthawi zonse wokwera mtengo wa ndalama anakhala kovuta.

Monga adawonekera na ciyezezo unayatsidwa

The yamalamulo Chilituyaniya udakhazikitsa njira kwakukulu. Akuluakulu asankha - kamodzi pali wodziimira Lithuania, ndalama akhale yake. Mu 1922 panali ku Central State Bank, ndipo pasanapite nthawi mwini ndalama wagawo wake unayamba mu dziko - unayatsidwa Kupeza ndalama ndi dekhetsa.

The mtundu German wakhala bwinobwino m'malo osewera. Choona chidwi ndi banki anati, malinga ndi Bank Central, Lithuania mfundo umuna, osati lofalitsidwa mu dziko, monga England kapena Germany. Mu Lithuania Komabe, kutulutsa ndalama zokha. Mu 1939, boma Baltic kachiwiri anataya ufulu wodzilamulira, kugwirizana USSR. Ndipo m'malo mwa ndalama za Lithuania: ndi ruble ndi kopecks anafunikiranso azolowere Balts.

Anayatsa kachiwiri mu makope

Pambuyo zochitika za mochedwa 80 - 90 oyambirira a Lithuania ndi kamodzinso kukhala unkalamuliridwa amasiya ndi ruble, anawapeza chuma ambiri ndi asayansi ndale, pa mwayi oyambirira, ngati chigogomeza mtima kutsata mfundo palokha zachuma. Komabe, mwamsanga pamene m'bwalolo ndale anapezeka palokha Lithuania, ndalama ya dziko la sadatsatire yomweyo.

Othandiza kubwerera ku litas anali yoyamba ya "makuponi onse", nthawi zina amatchedwanso ndi anthu "vagnorki" (iwo anali zagwiridwa ndi nawo mwachindunji kwa Nduna Gediminas Vagnorius). Only mu 1993 pa litas anabwerera mu otaya ndalama ya limati Baltic. Kenako anayamba m'malo ndi "vagnorki" pa mlingo wa 100 1. nthawi zina "Makuponi ambiri" ndipo LTL anali ofanana njira malipiro m'gawo la Lithuania.

Banknotes ndi ndalama Lithuania

Mabuku - Chilituyaniya kuti ndi chosasimbika limati zina banknote, koma imakhala ngati dollar la masenti 100. Tsopano kufalitsa ndalama pali banknotes ndi mtengo mwadzina wa osiyana - kuchokera litas 1 200. M'masitolo Chilituyaniya angapezeke zolemba imodzi awiri mndandanda - amene anapanga galimoto pamaso pa 1997 ndi anthu pambuyo. Koma iwo ofanana kwambiri. Mu 2007, panali kusinthidwa ngongole otetezeka ndi counterfeiting.

Pa zipembedzo litas kwa Lithuania zikusonyeza zochitika wodziwika bwino wa mbiri, andale odziwika ndi kanjedza chikhalidwe, zipilala ndi nyumba mapulani. State timbewu umabala, kuwonjezera pa muyezo LTL, komanso mwambo memorabilia zitsanzo za banknotes dziko. makobidi amenewa kupangidwa kwa kasakaniza wazitsulo mkuwa zotayidwa, cupronickel, mkuwa ma zitsulo muli zitsulo zamtengo wapatali (golide, siliva).

Nzika chikumbutso ndalama akhoza kukhala osiyana. Mwachitsanzo, iwo chikalata ndalama odzipereka chochitika kwambiri - pamene Lithuania anali kuyendera Yohane Paulo II. Panalinso mndandanda wa ndalama zinapangidwa polemekeza chikumbutso 60 cha umboni wa wotchuka Chilituyaniya oyendetsa Girenas ndipo Dariyo, amene anawoloka Atlantic ndi mpweya.

Litas kusinthitsa ndalama

Mu nyengo kuchokera 25 June 1993 mpaka mapeto a January 2002, Chilituyaniya ndalama national anali ndi msomali zovuta ndalama US. litas Chilituyaniya kwa dollar US anagulitsidwa pa mlingo wa 4 1. Popeza February wa 2002 Komabe, ndalama Baltic linamangidwa tsopano ku European umodzi. Mlingo pa zomwe anagulitsa litas Chilituyaniya kuti yuro, anakwana 3,4528 kwa 1. chiwerengero Izi wakhala sinasinthe kwambiri m'kupita.

kukonzekera Lithuania kwa inalowa kwa Eurozone

Mu 2000s mochedwa, akuluakulu ndalama Lithuania anayamba kuyesayesa yogwira ntchito m'malo ndalama za mayiko a ku Ulaya umodzi. Kuti mkati osiyanasiyana mmodzi wa wamphamvu kwambiri ndalama dziko - yuro - nthawi yomweyo si kophweka. Tiyenera kutsatira otchedwa i Maastricht umene bajeti ndalama dziko sayenera upambana revenues ndi oposa 3% ya GDP pachaka, ndi ngongole pagulu - zosaposa 60% ya GDP. Kufufuma mu chuma sayenera oposa 1.5% poyerekeza ndi manambalawo avareji mayiko atatu a m'dera yuro, yodziwika ndi kukula wotsikitsitsa mu mitengo.

zinthu zoti cha zone yuro Lithuania wapanga m'chiyambi cha 2014, pamene dongosolo akuluakulu ndalama anayamba kupanga ndi dziko limene kuti agwirizane njira Eurozone ayenera akuyendera milingo angapo.

Iwo anali ankaganiza kuti m'chaka cha 2014 akatswiri a mayiko EU, zomwe zili mbali ya Eurozone, kuti aone patsogolo yokonza Lithuania kwa oyamba a single ndalama European, chuma kudzasanthulira kufunitsitsa kukwaniritsa mfundo Maastricht. Mu nkhani ya ziyenera zabwino mwa ophatikidzana European, mawu otsiriza a Balts, zinali kudalira chakuti Lithuania kudzakudikira kuti ndalama ayenera adakali wake, mukhoza kulowa Eurozone.

Mfundo zotsutsana ndi malo yuro

Katswiri malingaliro za ziyembekezo inalowa Lithuania kwa Eurozone anali osiyana. Akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti njila iyi - totupa, kukangana kuti chuma Ulaya alipo mavuto. Komanso, akukhulupirira kumbali ya mfundo imeneyi, kusakanikirana mu malo yuro angathe kuchepetsa ulamuliro chuma Lithuania. Chitsanzo cha mayiko ena omwe tsopano ali mbali ya zone yuro, koma simungathe kuchititsa ndalama mfundo zake zikutsimikizira, molingana ndi akatswiri, nkhani yolembedwa izi.

Lithuania, monga akatswiri ena amakhulupirira, izo chanzeru kulabadira Czech Republic: dziko ndi zakale pambuyo Soviet, ndi gawo la EU, komanso Lithuania. Ndalama komanso kukhala dziko lino Asilavo ali ake, ndi mfundo ndalama zimadalira - ndi dziko chapakati banki.

zingapo akatswiri mafunso luso la chuma Chilituyaniya kupirira i Maastricht pa kufufuma. Mfundozo anali kuti boma ndalama angayesedwe kuti chongopeka kuchepetsa kanjedza, ngakhale dera Chilituyaniya anatsimikiziridwa kuti iwo sakanati kugwiritsa ntchito njira zimenezi.

Zifukwa kwa Eurozone

Komabe, panali chidaliro ziyenera a ziyembekezo za inalowa Lithuania kwa Eurozone. Ena chuma poganiza kuti boma mudzalandira, chimodzimodzi basi, wamkulu ulamuliro chuma kusiyana ndi tsopano, pamene litas pegged kuti yuro. Malinga ndi iwo, atachita mayiko eurozone adzakhala ndi mwayi otengapo mbali pa zinthu zofunika za mu ndondomeko ya ndalama za Bank a ku Central Europe.

Kodi Anagwirizana kuti abwenzi European?

Mu July 2014 EU Council wa nduna anatengera lingaliro - kulola Lithuania kulowa m'dera yuro pa 1 January 2015. Kodi pa nthawi ya kusintha pa maiko Baltic pa yuro akhale mlingo ndalama? litas Chilituyaniya tsopano chilamulira chikhalidwe ndi yuro pa chiŵerengero mayunitsi 3,4528 kwa 1. Ndipo zimenezi, anaganiza kukonza. Lithuania, motero, wobwezera lachitatu lakale la Soviet wa dera Baltic, kenako Estonia ndi Latvia, amene anapita mu zone yuro.