Baltic Lng: kapangidwe ndi kumanga

Near St. Petersburg, pafupi ndi doko la Ayenela-Luga, izo akufuna kumanga chomera kwa kupanga mafuta liquefied. ntchito zikuluzikulu Akuti pa thililiyoni 1 rubles ya ndalama.

Prerequisites kuti amangire

Ngakhale kuti payipi mpweya pa mtengo wotsika kuposa liquefied kunachokera khola m'mwamba masiku pempho ogula. Pa nkhani imeneyi, utsogoleri wa "Gazprom" kampani anasankha za ntchito yomanga maofesi cholinga kuonetsetsa zimenezi n'kopindulitsa ndi kukhutitsa msika anafuna mankhwala. Chomera anakonza, Baltic Lng, adzakhala ili mu dera Leningrad, ndicho m'deralo pafupi ndi doko la Ayenela-Luga.

Kuwonjezera zidzakhalira zazikulu za citukuko, pomanga Baltic Lng kuthetsa mavuto ena m'dera Leningrad, adzamangira nthambi angapo mapaipi mpweya ndi maofesi processing. Komanso akufuna kuyamba kupereka gasi ku dera Kaliningrad, anamanga zomangamanga zofunikirazi.

zolinga

Zolinga patsogolo polojekiti "Baltic Lng" otchedwa liquefied katundu mpweya ku Ulaya komanso India ndi Latin America. Cholinga zina makampani panoyi kuonjezera ang'ono-tonnage otaya amapereka Nyanja Baltic, komanso ayambe ziwiya utumiki msika ndi mafuta (bunkering).

ntchito

Kukhoza kapangidwe ndi kuika pa mlingo wa matani mamiliyoni khumi a liquefied mpweya pa chaka, ncholinga kuwonjezeka yopanga matani mpaka miliyoni khumi pa chaka. Chigamulo chomaliza pa tsamba kampani, analengeza atsogoleri a "Gazprom" mu April 2015. Yomanga Baltic Lng inyamuka kwa kutsiriza mu 2020. Kotala chachinayi, malinga ndi dongosolo, mtanda loyamba la mankhwala kuti amatumizidwa. Malinga ndi mabuku posachedwapa pa TV, akamaliza kumanga ndi kunditumiza ku zaka 2021-2022, koma palibe ndemanga boma nkhaniyi kumeneko.

polojekiti limapangidwa zigawo zitatu:

• Baltic Lng.
• Payipi.
• Port osachiritsika othetsera muli ndi mathanki mpweya.

Kumanga mtengo koyamba unali pafupifupi rubles biliyoni 460, kuwonjezeka mtengo zinachitika okha rubles, chifukwa zipangizo zonse zofunikira adzakhala anagula kunja. Kumbali dollar, mtengo wa polojekiti sichinasinthe.

Ntchitoyi achite wocheperapo a "Gazprom" kampani "Gazprom Lng St. Petersburg." Othandiza atsatire zolinga anatchula kampani «Gazprom», Nkhono, kukambirana ndi Mitsui, Mitsubishi. About zikwi zisanu ndi anthu amene adzamange Baltic Lng. General Mlengi ndalama kulungamitsidwa - Kulengedwa Institute JSC "Giprospetsgaz". Pa ntchito yomanga payipi amakhudza zikwi ziwiri akatswiri.

gulu

ndalama zochepa adzakopedwa polojekiti Baltic Lng. "Gazprom" anali kumatanthauza ndi mmodzi wa ophunzira akutsogolera ntchito yomanga mbewu m'tsogolo. Mu chimango cha St. Petersburg Mayiko Forum Economic unachitika mu June 2016, a Corporation zinasaina memorandum ndi kampani Royal Dutch Nkhono, kutsimikizira cholinga magulu.

Ngakhale kampani German akufuna kuti azitenga nawo mbali pomanga Komabe, mgwirizano pa ichi sichinasinthidwe anasaina, malire ndi kutsimikizila zilakolako. Akatswiri ambiri kugwirizana kukayikirana wa nkhawa German ndi ziletso European ndi Russia. Pa nthawi, mothandizana ndi za kukula kwa gawo mu ntchito kampani Nkhono.

Mu kuchirikiza ntchitoyi tikulankhula za kuthekera yodalirika ambiri shareholder gawo mu 49% ya magawo a. Zokambirana zikupitirirabe, koma kukambirana backroom anatsimikizira mfundo zimene Nkhono mukhoza kupeza pafupifupi theka la mbewu. Chifukwa lingaliro ili ndi chakuti kampani German ndi wokonzeka kupereka mpweya liquefaction luso.

izo ananena kuti "Baltic Lng" kapangidwe ka gulu yomanga polojekiti ikhoza kusintha mu July 2016. Chilakolako kulengeza makampani Japanese kuti achita zimenezi msika Russian mu kugwiritsa ntchito "Sakhalin-2" ntchito.

Kusankha mlengi

Kutsogoza mndandanda wa "Gazprom" ndipo akulowa ntchito Baltic Lng. Angagwiritse zovuta ndi ambiri womanga kusankha sitepe. Akatswiri kuitana makampani akuluakulu amene "Gazprom" kale anathandizana m'kati kuthetsa mavuto ena. Mu mtengo uwu yakuti "VNIPIgazdobycha" - m'mbuyomu, mlengi ambiri mwa makampani ofanana mu Primorye (ntchito ndi sadatsatire).

Ndiponso lotchedwa Institute Research wa OJSC "Gazprom Promgaz", lina la makampani wamkulu mu makampani. Koma mwayi mungakafikire kuti akhala mu OAO "Giprospetsgaz" (St. Petersburg). Limodzi la magulu structural wa kampani chikuchita ndi Lng, ndi wodziŵa kukhazikitsa ntchito, ntchito monga "Baltic Lng" (mbewu). A mbali zina za ntchito kampani kale akuyendera - unachitikira ndalama chowaloleza.

Kuthi zapadera

Tsogolo la Baltic Lng adzakhala ili ku Unduna wa silikhali m'mayiko amene mazana angapo mamita kuchokera m'dera mafakitale doko la Ayenela-Luga. Mbali yofunika ya kukhazikitsa zosiyanasiyana lonse ya kumanga payipi mpweya. Iwo adzatambasula kwa mzinda wa Volkhov m'dera Leningrad. Ndalama ndi allocated nkhani osiyana wolankhula palokha wagawo mafakitale ndi malonda. payipi adzakhala kupereka zopangira mwachindunji kwa zomera ndi ogula ena. Ndalama zomangira nyumba udzachitike ku pulogalamu ogula gasification.

Mphamvu ngalande 34 ndi ntchito pa mlingo wa kiyubiki mamita ³ biliyoni / chaka Lng nayenso woyamba amafuna 16.8 bn mamita ^3. Otsala ogula mafuta adakali siteji mapulani. Pali ntchito kumanga zomera awiri kwa kupanga methanol. Gawo lachitatu la Lng ntchito zikuluzikulu ndi osachiritsika m'madzi.

kale

The ntchito loyamba kumangira Lng ankatengedwa "Gazprom" Corporation mu 2004. Poyamba anafuna kumanga chomera mu Primorsk, kamangidwe mphamvu zake miliyoni 7 mamita ³ / chaka, tinakonza kupulumutsa mankhwala mu United States ndi Canada. Mu 2007, lingaliro anali kuzisiya yaitali Lng pa Shtokman, chomwenso ndi zamzitini, kusankha kuponya magulu onse pomanga payipi "Nord Stream".

Ganizo Lng postroist m'chigawo Leningrad kumbuyo mu 2013. Kusankha kugona pakati pa malo m'madera a Vyborg, Primorsk ndi doko Ayenela-Luga. Chigamulo chomaliza mokomera doko anatengedwa kumayambiriro January 2015. nthaka inali ubwino angapo waterway ndimeyi yabwino ngalawa, zinthu ayezi a chitetezo. Zofunika ntchito za Leningrad makonzedwe dera akufuna kumanga zone lalikulu mafakitale, zomwe pazikhalanso asanu ayenga ndi mankhwala maofesi, chimene chimafuna mpweya okwanira wa kiyubiki mamita mpaka biliyoni zisanu ndi ziwiri.

amadza sikhala

Akatswiri mphamvu msika, pomanga Baltic Lng adzapereka mwayi kupulumutsa Russian gasi m'mayiko a ku Ulaya kumene payipi si kukwaniritsa. Makamaka, limati Spain, kumene mafakitale mphamvu-tima kulakalaka yekha mafuta liquefied kunja m'mavoliyumu lalikulu. No msika zochepa zingamuthandize la Portugal, Gombe French, ndipo madera a kum'mwera kwa Italy. Yaikulu ogula la gwero liquefied zachilengedwe ndi United Kingdom, ngakhale mpweya kudzera payipi kuti kuperekedwa mu mphamvu yokwanira.

Koma akatswiri zoti kufunika ogula yachilendo ya Russian liquefied gasi. Izi msika ndi mpikisano waukulu wotanganidwa wakhala nthawi yaitali osewera atengenso mbali zitha kuchepetsa mtengo wa katundu. Monga momwe zotheka - bola ngati sitingathe kunena. Ntchito zabwino za pomanga Baltic Lng ikaseweredwa kudera m'deralo, amene atisokoneze opanda mpweya pambuyo amasulidwe limodzi mphete mphamvu ya maiko Baltic. Ntchito yomanga payipi mpweya ndi kumatha osati vutolo komanso amapereka kutsogolera chitukuko cha makampani m'dera Leningrad.