Ngongole ya Ukraine: mphamvu, obwereketsa, repayments ngongole

Boma ngongole - mndandanda wa maudindo ngongole ya dziko mabungwe, anthu mayiko ndiponso ena, mabungwe mayiko polimbana ndi issuance cha ngongole ndi thandizo la ndalama. Mangawa onse a Ukraine tichipeza zigawo zikuluzikulu zingapo:

• ngongole kwa boma;
• ngongole kwa oyang'anira mzindawo ndi kuderalo;
• Ngongole pooled magulu chuma pagulu.

Zikatero, dziko liyenera kupereka ndalama mwachinsinsi ndi anthu ake mwa likulu bungweli a.

Mitundu ya ngongole

ngongole boma chapadera mu mawonekedwe a mitundu iwiri:

1. ngongole kunja kwake kwa dziko. Izi zikuphatikizapo ndalama zonse anabwereka amene anabwereka ku madera yachilendo kapena mabungwe International Monetary. ngongole awa m'gulu lalikulu ngongole kunja Ukraine.
2. ngongole zoweta kwa dziko. Kuti mtundu uwu wa ngongole monga ndalama zimene anaitenga ku eni masheya, katundu kapena mabungwe ena.

Cacikulu ngongole Ukraine unakhazikitsidwa chifukwa cha lalikulu ndalama ngongole zimenezi ndi mapangano kwa issuance ngongole ndi ngongole. Mulinso ndi ngongole yakale imene boma anafunsa pochedwetsa a. Apa tikukamba za zinthu monga extension kukonzanso wa ngongole ya Ukraine. Kukonzanso - izi ndi mbulanda chifukwa wokongolayo, amene ntchito ngati zosiyana. Chotero mphamvu majeure kungakhale kufupika kwa malo wobwereka za chuma poyerekezera ndi dziko - ofikira.

Mphamvu 2016

Kuyambira mu 2012, ngongole Ukraine chawonjezeka ndi $ biliyoni 26. Pakuti chaka panopa boma adapangana ndi IMF kwa tranches ochepa ngongole.

Current mfundo zachuma a boma sikumangotanthauza ndi alipire za mangawa akale, monga kuthekera kutenga atsopano. Cholinga kukhala lalikulu ngongole ndalama. Ndiko 2016 boma la Ukraine kupeza Kuyamikira kwa okwana madola mabiliyoni 10, ndi ngongole ndi chimodzi ndi biliyoni zokha theka.

Nduna anaumba Ukraine Arseniy Yatsenyuk ananena kuti m'nthawi ya ulamuliro wake boma waphunzira kutenga "ufulu" kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha ngongole ndi ngongole. Mfundo imeneyi anapangidwa chifukwa kusaina mgwirizano kukonzanso. obwereketsa ambiri akhala akupitako mavuto amenewa mwina olembedwa pa mangawa a Ukraine. Zimenezi zinachititsa chakuti chiwerengero cha ngongole utachepa kuchoka 73 mpaka madola biliyoni 66. Ngati inu kugawanitsa chiwerengero cha ngongole kwa anthu onse, za pa munthu nkhani awiri ndi theka madola zikwi.

Koma ngakhale pamaso pa zinthu zina zabwino ngongole Ukraine akukulabe. Choncho, mu 2014 chifukwa depreciation wa dziko ndalama ngongole anthu chinawonjezeka ndi pafupifupi hryvnia thililiyoni.

"Mawu Yanukovych"

Imodzi mwa ngongole, zimene si anakhudza kukonzanso - ndi udindo wa Ukraine ndi Russia. Iye wofanana ndi chimachititsa $ 3 biliyoni. Ndipo izi chabe chachisanu cha kuchuluka zimene anapempha Viktor Yanukovych mu lakutali 2013. Poyamba anavomera kuchuluka anali madola 15 biliyoni.

Atalandira chakuti la Russia pempho kwa thanani mbali ya ngongole boma analengeza kuyimitsidwa zochita zawo kwa alipire ngongole ya mwadzidzidzi. Ndiko kuti, boma mwalamulo analengeza insolvency ake ndalama.

Chiyambireni cha 2016 ku Russia waneneratu cholinga ake kuti akambirane. Koma ngakhale wokongoza ndi miyeso zambiri kwakukulu kubweza ndalamazo anali atatengedwa, nduna ananena kuti pangano akhoza anafika popanda litigation. Tsopano pali kukambirana pa nkhaniyi pa mayiko osiyanasiyana, koma Ukraine ndi ngongole kwa Russia ndi kukhala zaulere.

Borrowers ndi obwereketsa

Mbali ya ngongole anthu mpaka kumangidwa kuti akhala kugula makampani "Oschadbank", "Ukravtodor", "Kumwera", "Chiyukireniya njanji." Ambiri, kuchuluka kwa Eurobonds awa ndi biliyoni 16 dollars.

ndalamawo dziko makamaka mayiko mabungwe a zachuma monga World Bank, bungwe la International Monetary Fund, European Union, ndi Bank European. Zaka ziwiri zapitazo, boma Chiyukireniya walola zaka zinayi pulogalamu, akamanena za chimene chili chakuti IMF adzatumiza tranches ngongole pousinthanitsa ndi zina kukonzanso chuma.

Repayments

mu akatswiri wina mawu m'munda wa boma zachuma kuti ambiri ngongole kwa msonkhano kovuta. Mu ziriri pano boma sangaonekerenso popanda ngongole.

Kuchitapo kanthu kuti zonse ndondomeko ngongole ndi chitukuko cha chuma, kukopa ndalama zakunja.

Mlingo kuweruza ntchito 60% ya GDP. Ndipo malire uyu wachita kale anadutsa boma. zochitika zonse za boma mu chaka panopa zidzagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuonetsetsa kuti ngongole Ukraine chikukwaniritsidwa zing'onozing'ono monga kuchuluka kwa amalimbikitsa yovuta.