Kum'mawa Siberia: nyengo chikhalidwe

Kum'mawa Siberia ndi mbali ya gawo Asian la Chitaganya cha Russia. Ili pa malire a Pacific Ocean kuti ndi Yenisei Mtsinje. zone Izi chibadidwe mu nyengo wankhanza kwambiri ndipo nyama ndi zomera zochepa.

mafotokozedwe malo osiyanasiyana

Kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo Siberia zatenga pafupifupi kulandilidwa ndi mphambu ziwili za m'gawo la Russia. Ili m'mapiriŵa. East Zone chimakwirira kudera la miliyoni 7.2 mamita lalikulu. Km. umwini kwake kukupitirira kwa mapiri a Sayan Mountains. Ambiri a gawo ukufanizidwa ndi Titafika pamalo m'zigwa. A mbali yofunika kutchukitsa zimachititsa chilumbachi kusewera mapiri a Transbaikalia.

Ngakhale nyengo nkhanza, ambiri a m'mizinda ikuluikulu kum'mawa Siberia. The wokongola kwambiri mfundo chuma view ali Norilsk, Irkutsk, Chita, Achinsk, Yakutsk, Ulan-Ude ndi ena. Patangopita zone unali Trans-Baikal ndi Krasnoyarsk Gawo la Republic of Yakutia, Buryatia, Tuva ndi zina zaboma. Mtundu waukulu wa zomera ndi nkhalango boreal. Adasambitsa ku Mongolia malire a Titafika pamalo nkhalango. Pamafunika oposa 5 miliyoni mamita lalikulu. Km. Ambiri a m'dera limeneli ukufanizidwa ndi nkhalango coniferous, amene amapanga 70% ya zomera mbadwa. Ntaka kukhala omangidwa poyerekezera ndi malo achilengedwe. Mu nayonso zone nthaka yabwino, m'khola Titafika pamalo - pamiyala, mazira.

Mkati otsika pakati pa mitsinje ndi pali m'madambo yaing'ono. Komabe, iwo ali ndi zochepa kwambiri kusiyana mofanana Western Siberia. Koma nthawi zambiri pali zipululu Arctic ndi m'minda yolimba m'chigawo chakum'mawa.

mpumulo Features

Kum'mawa Siberia, Russia ndi pa mlingo mkulu panyanja. vuto onse yachonde, umene uli pakati woyendera nthambi. Apa nsanja kutalika zimasiyanasiyana mamita 500 mpaka 700 pamwamba pa nyanja. Buku wachibale malo pafupifupi. The chimbuzi ndi malo pakati pa Lena ndi Viljujsky yachonde - mamita 1700.

M'munsi ukufanizidwa ndi Siberia nsanja crystalline apangidwe maziko formations nyanja ndi mphamvu yaikulu makilomita 12. North zone kumatanthauza Aldan chishango ndi Anabarskiy zosiyanasiyana. mphamvu Avereji nthaka ndi za 30 makilomita. Pakali pano, nsanja Siberia limapangidwa mitundu yambiri waukulu wa miyala. nsangalabwi iyi ndi schist, ndi charnockite, ndi zina zotero. The madipoziti wamkulu chibwenzi kumbuyo zaka 4 biliyoni. miyala Igneous anapanga ndi kuphulika lapansi. Ambiri madipoziti awa ali ku Central Siberia Plateau, komanso mu Tunguska beseni.

mpumulo Modern akuimira akonzedwa m'zigwa ndi okwera. Mu zigwa za mitsinje ikuyenda m'madambo anapanga pa okwera apamwamba conifers kukula bwino.

Features madzi

Akukhulupirira kuti East Far akumana ndi Arctic Ocean awo "wapakamwa". Region kum'mawa ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja monga Kara, Laptev ndi Siberia. La nyanja yaikulu ndi kupereka Baikal, Lamu, Taimyr, ndi Pyasino Khantayskoye.

Mu m'zigwa zakuya za mitsinje Ikuyenda. The kwambiri kwa iwo amaonedwa Yenisei Viluy, Lena, Angara, Selenga, Kolyma, Olekma, Indigirka, Aldan, wotsika Tunguska, Vitim, Yana ndi Khatanga. Utali wonse wa mtsinjewu ndi za miliyoni 1 makilomita. Ambiri a m'maderawa mkati dziwe wa Ocean Arctic. Other m'madera madzi kunja wokwatibwa ndi mitsinje monga Ingoda, Argun ndi Shilka ndi Onon. Ndiwo mphamvu dziwe mkati kum'mawa Siberia ndi chipale chofewa chimasungunula mwaunyinji pansi ku dzuwa yotentha oyambirira. Yotsatira zofunika kwambiri mbali mu mapangidwe madzi chokhala ndi kusewera mvula ndi pansi. Mlingo wokweretsa wa dziwe kuda chikondwerero m'chilimwe.

Yaikulu komanso yofunika kwambiri mtsinje m'chigawo amati Kolyma. madzi ake m'dera chimakwirira mamita lalikulu kuposa 640.000. Km. M'litali ndi za 2.1 zikwi. Km. Chiyambi cha mtsinje amatenga Verkhnekolymsk okwera. Mu chaka cha madzi kuposa 120 kiyubiki mamita. Km.

Kum'mawa Siberia: nyengo

Mapangidwe makhalidwe nyengo ya dera anatsimikiza ndi malo ake apadera. Nyengo ya kum'mawa Siberia akhoza mwachidule anafotokoza monga chokhala, zonse kwambiri. Pali ndithu nyengo inanso cloudiness, kutentha, mpweya. mitundu Asian anticyclone mu munda waukulu wa dera paipi, makamaka chodabwitsa kumachitika m'nyengo yozizira. Komano, wamphamvu ozizira makope mpweya umatipanga kusintha. Chifukwa cha ichi, kusinthasintha kutentha pa nthawi zosiyanasiyana za tsiku zofunika kwambiri kumadzulo. Nyengo ya North-East Siberia ukufanizidwa ndi misa variable mpweya. Iwo amakhala ndi mvula mkulu ndi chisanu wandiweyani. Kudera limeneli chimakhala chogwidwa ndi mitsinje chokhala akuthamangira utakhazikika mu wosanjikiza pansi. N'chifukwa chake mu January kutentha akutsikira yochepa. Panthawi imeneyi, mphepo Arctic chogwidwa chaka. Nthawi zambiri munthu angaone kutentha mpweya madigiri -60 m'nyengo yozizira. Kwenikweni, minima awa chibadidwe mabeseni ndi zigwa. Pa yachonde ntchito alibe kusiya pansipa madigiri -38.

Kwanyengo chachitika kuyambira kubera m'chigawo cha otaya mpweya China ndi ku Central Asia.

The nyengo yozizira

Nzosadabwitsa amaona kuti kwambiri kwambiri ndi nkhanza zinthu zachilengedwe ali mosaphonyetsa kum'mawa Siberia. zizindikiro MITU kutentha m'nyengo yozizira umboni (cm. Pansipa). Chiwerengerochi ali anapereka mfundo pafupifupi zaka zapitazi 5.

Chifukwa cha dryness bwino mpweya, ndi zonse za nyengo ndi masiku ambiri kanjedza kwambiri bwino analekerera kuposa m'madera chinyezi dzuwa. Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro liwulo ya dzinja nyengo kum'mawa Siberia ndi kupanda mphepo. Ambiri a nyengo pali bata zolimbitsa, kotero blizzards ndi snowstorms pano samaoneka.

N'zochititsa chidwi pakati pa Russian chisanu madigiri -15 anamva wamphamvu kwambiri kuposa Siberia -35 C. Komabe, kutentha otsika kwambiri kuvutika zikhalidwe za moyo ndi ntchito ya anthu a m'deralo. ogona onse ndi khoma unakhuthala. Pakuti nyumba Kutentha ntchito mtengo boilers mafuta. nyengo iyamba kusintha yekha ndi isanayambike March.

nyengo yofunda

Ndipotu, kasupe m'chigawo yochepa, monga ina. Kum'mawa Siberia, nyengo yomwe zimasiyanasiyana yekha mkubwela kwa mpweya otentha umayenda Asian, kudzuka okha kwa zaka za m'ma April. Izo zinali ndiye anati mtendere wa kutentha zabwino masana. Mu March akubwera kutentha, koma ndi zonyozeka. Pakutha April, nyengo akuyamba kusintha kwa bwino. Mu May, chisanu kwathunthu chimasungunula, zomera zikuyenda bwino. M'nthawi ya chilimwe kum'mwera kwa nyengo m'maderawa zimakhalanso otentha. Izi makamaka woona steppe woyendera nthambi ya Tuva, Khakassia ndi Trans. Mu July, kutentha liukitsidwa digiri 25. Mitengo apamwamba ali anaona pa lathyathyathya mtunda. Mu zigwa ndi mapiri akadali ozizira. Ngati inu kutenga lonse la kum'mawa Siberia, ndi kutentha pafupifupi m'chilimwe pano - kuchokera madigiri +12 kuti +18.

Makamaka m'dzinja nyengo

Kale mu mochedwa August, Far East ayamba uzikuta chisanu choyamba. Iwo anati makamaka kumpoto kwa dera la usiku. Masana dzuwa kuwala, kubwera mvula wothira chisanu yonyowa, mphepo zina amphamvu. Tikumbukenso kuti kusintha kwa nthawi yozizira ndi zambiri mofulumira kuposa ku kasupe chilimwe. Mu m'dera limeneli, nyengo imeneyi 50 masiku, ndi malo steppe - kwa miyezi 2.5. mbali zonse izi khalidwe lomwe amasiyana m'madera ena a kumpoto kwa kum'mawa Siberia.

nyengo ndi anaperekanso mu chaka cha kuchuluka kwa mvula kubwera kuchokera kumadzulo. Kum'mawa, nthawi zambiri kuwomba lonyowa Pacific mphepo.

mvula

Pakuti kufalitsidwa kwa m'banja East Siberia akuyankha mpumulo. Izo zimatengera izo ndi kuthamanga ndi mathamangidwe mpweya misa utuluke. The mpweya pachaka 700 mamilimita mvula m'chigawo. Mlingo pazipita kwa nyengo malipoti - 1000 mm, osachepera - 130 mm. Mvula si wakuti. Pa m'dera mu kanjira pakati mvula kawirikawiri. Chifukwa mvula ili zina kuposa chizindikiro cha 1000 mm. Dera driest amati Yakutsk. Pali mpweya zimasiyanasiyana mkati mamilimita 200. Mvula osachepera imagwera pa February ndi March - 20 mm. m'madera mulingo woyenera zomera za mpweya amaonedwa chakum'mawa kwa Transbaikalia.

Madzi oundana

Today mu dziko palibe malo amene akhoza kupikisana ndi anomalies chokhala ndi nyengo m'chigawo pansi pa dzina la kum'mawa Siberia. The nyengo ena magulu Chinthu chochititsa chidwi mu ukulu wake. Mu pafupi ndi Arctic Circle lagona pa madzi oundana.

m'dera amakhala ndi chipale chofewa ang'ono ndi otsika kutentha chaka chonse. Chifukwa cha ichi, phiri nyengo ndi nthaka kutaya ndalama yaikulu kutentha kwa meters chilled lonse mwakuya. The dothi ndi ambiri miyala. Pansi underdeveloped, nthawi zambiri amaundana kwa zaka zambiri.

The zomera m'chigawo

Chikhalidwe cha kum'mawa Siberia kwakukulukulu umaimiridwa ndi m'dera limeneli. zomerazi umachokera kwa mazana makilomita ku Lena Mtsinje Kolyma. Kum'mwera kwa nayonso ili m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Okhotsk. umwini Local ndi osafikiridwa ndi munthu. Komabe, chifukwa cha nyengo youma pa iwo nthawi zonse chagona kuopseza moto zikuluzikulu. M'nyengo yozizira kutentha mu nkhalango ndi adatchithisira digiri -40, koma zizindikiro zambiri yotentha mbakwira +20. Mvula ndi zolimbitsa. Komanso chikhalidwe cha kum'mawa Siberia limaoneka ndi dera Titafika pamalo. Kudera limeneli pafupi ndi Ocean Arctic. Apa nthaka umboni, otsika kutentha, chinyezi owonjezera. Mu okwera kukula maluwa monga udzu thonje, avens, poppy, saxifrage. mukhoza kusankha spruce, msondodzi, popula, birch, mitengo ya paini ku dera.

dziko nyama

Pafupifupi zigawo zonse za kum'mawa Siberia ali olemera mu zinyama ayi. The zifukwa - Madzi oundana, chosowa chakudya ndi kuchepa kwa zomera deciduous.

Nyama yaikulu ndi zofiirira chimbalangondo, amphaka, mphalapala ndi wolverine. Nthawi zina mungathe kupeza nkhandwe, ferrets, weasels, yoongoka ndi weasels. Chapakati Mzere ukhala musk, sable, mphalapala, nkhosa ndi chipale chofewa.

Chifukwa nthaka yomwe mazira zikupezekera mitundu ochepa makoswe agologolo, chipmunks, zouluka agologolo, beavers, marmots, etc. Koma dziko nthenga ndi osiyanasiyana kwambiri. Grouse, crossbill, grouse, tsekwe, khwangwala, woodpecker, bakha, nutcracker, snipe, etc. .