Kumanzere-kumbali lobar chibayo: Zizindikiro ndi Chithandizo

Nthawi zambiri mutapita kwa dokotala, odwala kumva matenda - ndi kumanzere lobar chibayo. Matendawo zachilendo, ndi mankhwalawa sakhala zikuphatikizapo zotsatira zowawa. Komabe, nkofunika kuti nthawi oterewa ndi mankhwala zolondola chakudya. Choncho kodi zimayambitsa chibayo? Kodi zizindikiro ayenera kulabadira munthu wodwala? Kodi n'zotheka mwanjira kupewa chitukuko cha matenda?

matenda ndi chiyani?

Choyamba, tiyeni kuthana ndi tanthauzo la mawu akuti "lamanzere kumbali lobar chibayo". Monga amadziwika, ndi m'mapapo anachoka ali lobes awiri, ndi bwino - atatu. Ndipo aliyense m'mapapo lagawidwa zigawo khumi.

Chibayo ndi kutupa matenda yokhudza za m'mapapo. The ndondomeko yotupa akhoza kukhala mmodzi njira (left- kapena kumanja) kapena iwiri mbali. Malinga ndi malo chibayo kungakhale okwana (onse m'mapapo anakhudzidwa), focal (pali m'modzi yekha kapena pang'ono foci kutupa), ankauza (chidwi ndi kuchuluka lina la kuwala) ndi segmental (kutupa okha imodzi kapena zigawo ochepa). Nthawi zina mungathe kumva mawu akuti "extrapulmonary lamanzere kumbali lobar chibayo" - zambiri izi zikutanthauza kuti limatiphunzitsa nthenda ili mu ziwalo zina, monga M'mimbamo pleural.

Akuti mlingo imfa pakati pa anthu odwala ndi za 5%. chakuti kumanzere amaganiza lobar / lobular chibayo mu magawo oyambirira zingatenge malo obisika - odwala kuchipatala mochedwa kwambiri. Ndipo mwina kufala kwa yotupa ndondomeko mu mtima.

Akuti kutupa mwina amakhala osiyana a mwamphamvu. Pali wina chiwembu gulu - pali lamanzere kumbali lobar dera anapeza chibayo (matenda mtima kumachitika ndi m'malovu kunja kwa mpanda wa kuchipatala) ndi Nosocomial, kapena nosocomial kutupa, imene matenda inkachitika mu mtima pa m'chipatala.

The chikuchititsa mavuto a chibayo

Kutupa chifukwa cha ingestion tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mu udindo wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda akhoza kuchita monga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda,, zamoyo mafangasi. Iwo akhoza kulowa kwa chilengedwe, kuyambira matenda imafalikira ndi m'malovu airborne.

N'zoona kuti nthawi zonse malowedwe a tizilomboto mu dongosolo kupuma kutsogolera kutupa. Zifukwa monga kusuta fodya, ndi chitetezo wofooka, pamaso pa wodwala matenda aakulu - onse azidwala osauka chibayo. Nthawi zina, matenda afika mu mapapo pamodzi ndi m'magazi a mliri wina kutupa mu thupi.

History: kumanzere amaganiza lobar chibayo ndi zizindikiro zake

Mu masiteji koyamba mawonekedwe kutupa akhoza ndipo izo zimachita asymptomatic. Odwala taonani kufooka zonse ndi kutopa, tulo, utachepa ntchito. M'tsogolo, zinthu ndi kulimbikitsa. chifuwa. Nthawi zina youma, koma nthawi zambiri limodzi ndi phlegm. Matendawa amakhala phlegm chambiri, ndi milozo nthawizina Tingaone magazi.

Odwala amadandaula kuwawa pachifuwa, makamaka kumanzere (mu mtima). Soreness ndi nakweza ndi kutsokomola ndi kudzoza kwambiri. Chifukwa chosowa mpweya odwala zambiri amalembedwa cyanosis milomo ndi pallor ambiri.

Kutentha kumawonjezera nthawi zonse, nthawi zambiri mkuuka madigiri 40. Odwala pano ndi zizindikiro ambiri kuledzera, kuphatikizapo zopweteka thupi, akunjenjemera, kunyansidwa komanso kusafuna kudya, kusanza, kupweteka kwambiri, nthawi zina ngakhale imfa ya chikumbumtima. Kumene, aliyense Wopirira pali zosiyana zizindikiro, ndi amawasonyeza mosiyanasiyana kwa mwamphamvu. Kawirikawiri zizindikiro za kumanzere amaganiza lobar chibayo kusokonezedwa ndi wamba pharyngitis ozizira kapena, makamaka pankhani kwa tiana. Pagona kuopsa chibayo.

Features zizindikiro malingana tizilomboto pa

Monga tanena kumanzere amaganiza lobar chibayo angathe pa maziko a HIV kapena mabakiteriya ntchito. Zizindikiro pamwamba alipo pafupifupi zilizonse chibayo, koma aliyense tizilomboto ali ndi peculiarities.

Mwachitsanzo, chibayo tizilombo limodzi ndi youma chifuwa ndi dyspnea zonse. Odwala amadandaula kutopa mofulumira, kutentha thupi, ndi woopsa kufooka minofu. Koma ndi mawonekedwe bakiteriya kutentha thupi si monga mkulu, ngakhale kutentha, kumene ali pamenepo. Munthu muzindikire amphamvu yonyowa chifuwa limodzi ndi phlegm.

njira zamakono za matenda

matenda zolondola yake n'kofunika kwambiri. Pamene zizindikiro choyamba ayenera kuonana ndi dokotala, chifukwa ngakhale kuli mankhwala amphamvu antimicrobial, chibayo ukhoza chakupha:

• Wodwala ayenera kupereka magazi kwa kusanthula - phunziro Tingaone kuwonjezeka mlingo erythrocyte sedimentation ndi kuwonjezeka mu woyera achiyesa maselo a magazi, zimene zikusonyeza kutupa.
• Iwo wopereka kusanthula amuzolengedwa zitsanzo magazi, ndipo sputum Kupenda kwa kudziwika tizilomboto lapansi.
• Nkofunika kuti matenda ndi chifuwa X-ray, zomwe zimathandiza kuti tidziwe foci kutupa.
• Mu zina, bronchoscopy, zomwe zimathandiza inu kuona wodwalayo bronchial machubu mkati.

Kumanzere-kumbali lobar chibayo: ndi mankhwala

Mwakucimbidza ayenera kuti kudziletsa medicate mu nkhani yoopsa. Only dokotala akhoza kupanga ogwira achire chakudya. Pakuti amaganiziridwa bakiteriya chibayo wodwala woyamba kutumikiridwa yotakata sipekitiramu zotsatira mankhwala, makamaka fluoroquinolones ndi cephalosporins m'badwo wachitatu kapena wachinayi.

Panthawi imeneyi, mayesero yeniyeni akutsatiridwa, cholinga chimene - kudziŵa causative wothandizira. Ngati chibayo kupangika pa maziko a Legionella infestation, pneumococcus, mauka, Mycoplasma ndi Haemophilus influenzae, adokotala akhoza mankhwala opha aluso yopapatiza sipekitiramu. Koma mayeso ayenera masiku osachepera 3-4, ndi chibayo ayenera mwamsanga.

Pamene madokotala mankhwala chibayo mankhwala tizilombo mavairasi oyambitsa, makamaka, "Zanamivir", "Remantadin", "Acyclovir". Mwatsoka, mankhwala ndi ntchito pokhapokha ngati anatengedwa mu nthawi yawo yoyamba 48 pambuyo matenda. Nthawi zina wodwala ali m'chipatala ndi kuchititsa mankhwala symptomatic. Mankhwala kwa zotupa tizilombo amakhala opanda, koma iwo adakali Kwalamulidwa kuteteza sekondale toyambitsa matendawo.

Oimira wothandiza ntchito sanali steroidal odana ndi yotupa wothandizira, zomwe zimathandiza kuthetsa ululu ndi malungo. Therapy kumatenga za 2-4 masabata malingana mlingo wa kusalekerera matenda.

kuisamalira wodwala

Chibayo - matenda oopsa amene munthu wodwala akusowa tikawasiye. Odwala wasonyeza kuti bedi, osachepera kupanda zolimbitsa thupi ndi maganizo. Man bwino kukhala m'madera bwino mpweya wokwanira kumene chonyowa kuyeretsa ikuchitika pafupipafupi. Ngati chithandizocho chitenga malo kunyumba, wodwalayo zofunika kuonetsetsa akonzedwa osiyana ziwiya kuchepetsa kufala kwa matenda.

Wochuluka ofunda mowa kutupa kwenikweni, chifukwa kumathandiza kufulumizitsa Kupha poizoni m'thupi ndipo kupewa chitukuko madzi m'thupi. Odwala ayenera kuwala koma mkulu-kalori zakudya.

Pamene wodwala akusowa hospitalization?

Nthawi zambiri, kumanzere amaganiza lobar chibayo ankachitira pa outpatient maziko, kunyumba. Nthawi zina, chithandizo zofunika kuchipatala?

• ana onse pansi pa zaka zitatu, ndi ku chipatala.
• Wodwala ayenera kutumizidwa ku chipatala ndi dyspnea amphamvu, kutentha (mpaka madigiri 39.9) kapena, Tikawonetsetsa kutsitsa kutentha kwa 35,5.
• Ngati, pa kusanthula kuchepa amphamvu mlingo hemoglobin anapezeka, komanso kulera mlingo wa urea ndi creatinine, chithandizo tikwanitse kuchita m'chipatala.
• Zikuonetsa kuti hospitalization ndi mkhutu kutsitsimuka, kuchepa lakuthwa magazi.
• Pa zosayembekezereka ya mavuto (kuphatikizapo pleurisy, myocarditis, nyamakazi) Wodwala ayenera yomweyo kuchipatala.

zodzitetezera

Pachimake ndi kumanzere lobar chibayo - matenda oopsa amene sitili pa mankhwala kumabweretsa mavuto oopsa, kuphatikizapo edema m'mapapo mwanga, mantha, sepsis, kakhosi, pericarditis, congestive kulephera mtima.

Mwatsoka, katemera wa chibayo alipo. Choncho, kuteteza yekha ndi moyo wathanzi. kudya zakudya zopatsa nthanzi, ndi pang'onopang'ono oipa a thupi, masewera olimbitsa thupi panja, kusiya kusuta fodya ndi kumwa mowa, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi - zonse zimenezi zimathandiza thupi, kupangitsa zambiri kugonjetsedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Onse opatsirana ndi yotupa matenda ayenera kugonja kwa chithandizo chokwanira, mankhwala ayenera lolimba kwa achire zonse. Kwa chitetezo chokwanira bwino kawiri pa chaka pochitika njira ya vitamini mankhwala. Ndipo, ndithudi, poyamba mukumva akudwala ayenera kuonana ndi katswiri, chifukwa inu mukhoza kukhala a anthu kuthi kumanzere amaganiza lobar chibayo.