Mphanga mlomo: zimayambitsa

Kumapeto kwa mwezi woyamba wa mimba, pakamwa mwana aumbike ku amachepetsa awiri osiyana kuti kukula pafupi wina ndi mnzake. Kwinakwake iwo amalowana mukulumikizidwa pamodzi ndi chimodzi sabata chitatu, kupanga nsagwada chapamwamba. Komanso msoko akuthamanga mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo kusindikiza pakamwa ndi lilime. Ndi mlungu chakhumi cha mimba kwathunthu anapanga pakamwa, mphuno ndi kuthi dongosolo bwino ndi malo.

Mphanga mlomo ndi chilema kobadwa nako, mmene mlomo chapamwamba mwana kwathunthu zinapangidwa ali otsegula. Abadwe - ofanana kobadwa nako anomaly limene m'kamwa mwa mwana wosabadwayo si athanzi, ndipo ali dzenje. Ana ena ndi milomo mphanga kokha mphako yaing'ono mlomo chapamwamba. Ena zonse lotseguka inabala wakupambana kudzera nsagwada pamwamba pa mmunsi mwa mphuno. The anomaly akhoza kuoneka mbali imodzi kapena awiri pakamwa mwanayo. Chilema kobadwa nako akutchedwa mphanga m'kamwa, kapena mphanga mlomo. Ana, zimayambitsa sakudziwika mpaka lero.

Zopindika ndi zikhalidwe za chitukuko zosiyanasiyana mwamphamvu ndi mmene ina yofanana:

• milomo mphanga (mlomo chilema).
• Abadwe (abadwe chilema).
• Mphanga mlomo ndipo m'kamwa (onse chilema).
• Matani Microform (ming'alu kapena chipsera).
• Unilateral mphanga (Mbali imodzi ya mlomo ndipo m'kamwa).
• Amgwirizano mphanga (mbali zonse za mlomo ndipo m'kamwa).

Mphanga mlomo ndipo m'kamwa: zimayambitsa

Zimayambitsa mphanga Mlomo, abadwe ndi anomalies zina nkhope si bwino bwino, koma n'zogwirizana ndi kusintha chibadwa mwanayo. Akukhulupirira kuti 25% ya milandu zimachitika chibadwa, 15% - kuvutika chromosomal ndi 60% - zimayambitsa kunja ana obadwa ndi milomo mphanga. Chizolowezi mapindikidwe akhoza tinatengera kwa kholo limodzi kapena onse. Lingathe kukhala ukuwonjezeka matenda akachitika ndi mamembala pafupi a banja limodzi.

zinthu zina zomwe zingakhudze amatha kuyambitsa akuwaza ndi mavairasi, mankhwala ena, zakudya ndi poizoni zachilengedwe. Kufufuza kwaposachedwa kwasonyeza fodya ndi kumwa mowa pa mimba ngati chinthu chiopsezo cha chitukuko cha mphanga mlomo ndipo m'kamwa ndi zilema zina kubadwa. Komanso, pamaso pa shuga kwambiri kumaonjezera ngozi ya kupereka mwana ndi mphanga mlomo kapena popanda vuto. ntchito mankhwala ndi kuledzera amathanso kupunduka izi kubadwa. Mphanga mlomo ndipo m'kamwa kumachitika pamodzi ndi anomalies ena kobadwa nako. Zimenezi zingachititse kuti chiwerengero cha mavuto pa moyo wawo. Ana nthawi zambiri amabadwa ndi milomo mphanga kapena mu mlengalenga, ngati achibale awo matenda, kapena iwo ali ndi zofooka zina kubadwa pano mu anamnesis lapansi.

Chibadwa ndi chibadwa

Mpaka lero, zimayambitsa woona wa vuto ndi mlomo sakudziwika, koma madokotala ndikukhulupirira kuti ziwonongeke zimachitika chifukwa majini ndi chilengedwe. Chibadwa mwina amagwira nawo ntchito chitukuko cha matenda monga mphanga mlomo. Zimayambitsa akhoza kuphatikiza zifukwa zingapo. Ngati chimodzi kapena onse makolo ndi kupatuka uno, kwambiri kumawonjezera akuti ndi anomalies mwana. Ndiye wotani moyo mukukhala pa mimba amathanso azidwala osauka kuvutika mu mwana wanu.

Ndiye n'chifukwa osauka matenda monga mphanga mlomo? Photo, amachititsa ndi mankhwala adzakuthandizani kudziwa bwino za kudwala izi.

• Impact wa phenytoin kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala pa mimba kumaonjezera ngozi ya malformations ndi nthawi 10 kapena kuposa.
• Kusuta pa mimba kumawonjezera mwayi chilema nthawi 2.
• Mowa, mankhwala anticonvulsant kapena asidi retinoic amakwiya olumala, monga mphanga mlomo ndipo m'kamwa
• Woyembekezera, kuperewera kwa mavitamini, ndi asidi makamaka kupatsidwa folic akhoza kuyambitsa chitukuko cha anomalies craniofacial.

Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe ziri za ana mphanga mlomo. Zifukwa zithunzi za matenda apatsidwa kumvetsa kuopsa kwa zinthu. A vuto angayambe monga lakutali kobadwa nako chilema kapena mbali ya matenda akuluakulu chibadwa, tingayambe zilema kwambiri.

chilengedwe

Ali ndi pakati kuti mayi amatenga, adya ndi kumwa, ndi ofunika kwambiri pa chitukuko cha mwana wake wosabadwa. Mavitamini ndi zakudya kudyetsedwa kwa thupi kukula mwa magazi a mayi. Koma pakati pa mkazi ndi mwana wake watsogolo ndi chipolopolo olimba zoteteza, wotchedwa latuluka. Iye anapezerapo ena mwa mankhwala poizoni ndi molondola kumateteza mwana m'mimba. Pamene latuluka bwino Zosefera poizoni, zina mankhwala woopsawo mukhoza kudutsa chotchinga ndi kulowa m'magazi a mwana wosabadwayo.

Matendawa amachititsa mphanga mlomo ndi chibadwa, kotero pa mimba pamafunika kuwunika thanzi lawo.

poizoni

zinthu zovulaza monga mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndiponso mankhwala enaake ukhoza kugwera kupyola mu magazi mwana, potero kupangitsa chisokonezo kwambiri chitukuko. Mu 2004, wapadera Environmental Gulu Ntchito anafufuza umbilical chingwe magazi a ana khumi. Ofufuzawa anapeza avareji pafupifupi 200 mitundu ya mankhwala mafakitale ndi zoipitsa. 180 mankhwala awa ndi odziwika carcinogens.
Pali chiphunzitso kuti kachitidwe ka thupi la munthu anapanga kale chitukuko cha mankhwala ambiri zoipa. Thupi lathu sizili anazindikira ndi kuthetsa zinthu zimenezi. Mulimonsemo, dera thanzi akhutitsidwa kuti ena mwa mankhwala amenewa amathandiza kuti chitukuko cha olumala. Asayansi okhonda kuti akuluakulu ena m'madera a majini pa DNA 1, 2, 3, 8, 13 ndi 15 akufotokoza za mphanga mu mlengalenga ndi mlomo. phunziro ili wapanga chinthu chofunika kwambiri kudziwa kuti akumvetseni bwino zimayambitsa matenda, majini ndi chilengedwe.

Kodi kuchita kuteteza anomaly?

Akatswiri ena amanena kuti pakumwa folic acid supplementation pa mimba akhoza kuchepetsa mwayi wa chitukuko cha mwana wa anomalies amenewa. mankhwala opezeka mu multivitamins kwambiri. Amadziwika kuti kupatsidwa folic acid Kodi kuchepetsa kufala kwa wina zifukwa kobadwa nako chilema.

Kodi mankhwala zingakhudze chitukuko cha chilema?

Kupeza zimene zinthu chifukwa matenda - ntchito kwambiri kovuta.
Nthawi imeneyi chilema monga mphanga mlomo ali zimayambitsa osiyana, koma kwenikweni ndi osakaniza majini ndi poizoni zachilengedwe. Chibadwa amayamba chitukuko nthenda, koma iwo ayenera pang'ono Kankhani ku dziko lakunja.

Mankhwala, malinga ndi akatswiri, angachititse maonekedwe a fissures:

• Vasoactive mankhwala kuti kuwonjezera kapena kuchepa magazi ( "Pseudoephedrine" ndi "Aspirin").
• mankhwala Antiepileptic, monga "carbamazepine" ndi "Phenytoin". Akatswiri ena amaganiza kuti chifukwa cha zonse zoona, ndi khunyu lokha, osati mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuchiza izo
• "Isotretinoin" kapena "Accutane" - mankhwala anatengedwa kuchitira ziphuphu zakumaso aakulu (ziphuphu zakumaso). Musamalandire "Accutane" pa mimba. Sikuti kukonza mimba m'kati mwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi mwezi umodzi pambuyo.
• Corticosteroids, monga "Hydrocortisone" ndi "Cortisone". Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala pa mimba chingayambitse matenda a "mphanga mlomo". zifukwa kukhala mfundo zoopsa pa mimba.

Pali mavuto angapo zimene zingakhudze makanda ndi ana mphanga mlomo kapena m'kamwa.

Mavuto ndi kudya

Chifukwa cha thunthu la chilema yokha ndondomeko yoyamwitsa kungakhale kovuta kwa mwana. Nthenda kulekana kwa Mlomo chapamwamba zimapangitsa kudyetsa wovuta. Zoterezi anomaly sikutheka kuti chisindikizo wabwino, chimene chili chofunika kuti bwino kwa ndondomekoyi. nsonga zamabele ochiritsira kwa mabotolo kudya ndi vuto lomwelo. Komabe, pali mbale apadera omwe amalimbikitsa kadyedwe ogwira.
Ana ndi vuto, nthawi zambiri zida ndi zochotseka m'kamwa yokumba kuyambira pa chiyambi cha moyo. chipangizo izi zimasokoneza luso zakumwa kwa m'mphuno, ndiponso facilitates sachedwa kutengera nipple apadera.

matenda khutu kapena imfa tsankho kumva

Ana ndi vuto zambiri ndi matenda khutu ndipo kudzikundikira kugwirizana a madzimadzi mu gawo lamkati la likalowa m'makutu a. Pofuna kuchepetsa mavuto awa, ambiri a ana ndi vuto ndi AEDs (chubu), imachitika kudzera likalowa m'makutu miyezi loyamba la moyo.

Mavuto ndi mawu

Monga n'zomveka chitukuko cha anomalies kugwirizana ndi m'kamwa ndi mlomo, zingakhudze articulation. Vuto ambiri, monga ulamuliro, ndi khalidwe la mawu. Kukonza opaleshoni zingathandize kuchepetsa mavuto awa m'mawu, koma ambiri a ana ndi mphanga mlomo kapena phindu m'kamwa ku ndiyambe kulankhula ndi thandizo la ndikuphunzitsidwa kulankhula.

mavuto mano

Ana ndi mphanga mlomo kapena m'kamwa nthawi zambiri ndi mavuto ndi chosowacho pamfundo dongosolo dzino ndipo nthawi zambiri amafuna chithandizo orthodontic. Ngati nsagwada chapamwamba ali chakhungu ntchito, monga kuyika choipa pamalo mano okhazikika, pakufunikira opaleshoni maxillofacial.

Chithandizo cha mphanga mlomo ndipo abadwe

Madokotala tsopano akhoza oterewa chosayenerera ndi zochokera kuwerenga akupanga kale pa masabata 18 a gestation. Kupeza Vuto mphako kumwamba kuli kovuta chifukwa wabisika mwa M'mimbamo m'kamwa. Kamodzi matenda, madokotala amatha kuchita ndondomeko imene madzimadzi amniotic zikutengedwa kuyezetsa pamaso pa syndrome chibadwa. Kudziwa mng'alu pa siteji oyambirira ndi zopanga mankhwala zolondola kumafunika gulu lalikulu la akatswiri.

opaleshoni

Kuwukonza opaleshoni mphanga zambiri zikadzatha masabata 7 moyo wa ana akhanda. mtundu wa ntchito likukhudza chifukwa opaleshoni pulasitiki. Ngati mphuno mwanayo zimakhudza kusintha chifukwa chilema izi, ndiye rhinoplasty ukafunidwe. Ana obadwa ndi milomo mphanga, monga ulamuliro, muyenera mankhwala kupitirirabe ndi zosiyanasiyana njira yapadera kukwaniritsa kuchira bwino.