Kumanda Vvedenskoe: mayendedwe, manda a anthu otchuka

Kuyambira kale, pa magombe a Yauza, kunja kwa mzinda wa Moscow, anthu atakhazikika mlendo chikhulupiriro pakati panu, kufunafuna mu dziko Rusyn kutchuka ndi ndalama. Orthodox Nemchinov adawayitana, malo - German Pamudzi.

Achinyamata Tsar Petro, adherent njira Loona za moyo, wokondwa kuti akhala pamudzi. Posachedwa iye anali bwenzi lenileni inanyamuka - Swiss Lefort. Iye anali ndi chikoka chachikulu pa mapangidwe maganizo ndi zolinga za Peter, choncho lonse la boma la Russia. dzina lake amatchedwa m'dera limene linaikidwa ndi kuthetsa German.

Frants Yakovlevich Lefort anaikidwa ulemu pamwamba pa khomo mu mapiri. Lowopsya epitaph pa chipilala ouziridwa mantha, ndipo pamapeto pake anawonongedwa, ndipo phulusa reburied pa manda wa Vedeno.

Mbiri ya zosayembekezereka wa churchyard ndi

Ngakhale Peter Ine ndayesera kuti atchule loletsa pa kukhuthula pafupi akachisi, amene analandira pa nthawi imeneyo. mwana wake Elizabeti nthawi ya ulamuliro komanso analamula kulanda kumanda, chimene chingalowe naye panjira.

Mfundo yomaliza kuika Catherine II ndi mliri, zimene zinabweretsa pamodzi kukolola wolemera mu Moscow mu 1771.

Kunja kwa mzinda, pafupi ndi mapiri a Vvedensky tsopano Lefortovo phiri pa magombe a mtsinje titmouse anatengedwa mu German chiwembu (heterodox) kumanda. Poyamba, pali zinakonzedwa kukaika Achilutera, Akatolika, Angilikani.

Pang'onopang'ono, m'dera wakula pa chigwa ndi mtsinje. Zadothi khoma m'malo ndi mpanda wamiyala. Kukodzedwa athandizira ku msewu Nalichnaya anatsegula ndi lachiwiri pa mbali zosiyana kutsinde Hospital.

Mu XIX m'ma anayamba kuoneka m'manda a anthu a zipembedzo zina. Iwo anali mwinamwake chikudziwika ngati manda palokha - Vvedenskoe.

Mu zaka za m'ma XX, gawo kamodzinso kuchuluka. Pa nthawi yomweyo panali columbarium khoma.

Mbiri ya manda

Vvedenskoe manda pali zaka zoposa ziwiri, ndipo chifukwa cha izi wachita kale inasanduka mpweya owonetsera zakale ndi otsegulidwa.

Mayina pa manda angaphunzire za anthu amene achita ena mphatso za chitukuko cha deralo, yalimbikitsa ulemerero ndi mphamvu.

Mfundo yakuti maliro ku zikhulupiriro zosiyana, moti chizindikiro chogwirika pa zomangamanga a m'manda. Luso, manda ndi yopemphereramo ndi zitsanzo yowala chakale, Gothic kalembedwe Ufumu. Ambiri a iwo zinalengedwa mwa ambuye kwambiri.

Mwatsoka, tombstones pa manda pamaso pa chiyambi cha m'ma XIX, pafupifupi sanakhale ndi moyo.

Mipingo ndi matchalitchi

Kamodzi pa malo panali mipingo Lutheran awiri ndi 14 m'matchalitchi. Pofika kumapeto kwa zaka za zana XIX North pakhomo chokongoletsedwa yopemphereramo ambiri ndi belfry kwa maliro. Anakwera wamanga analipanga mu kalembedwe Byzantine, motero mizere kunsi umodzi zofunika pa zipembedzo zonse za ku Ulaya.

Pa chiyambi cha XX atumwi panali lalikulu Gothic tchalitchi, chokongoletsedwa ndi mfundo Art Nouveau. Pambuyo utasintha, izo munali maofesi ntchitoyi. Patapita zaka 70, nyumbayo anabwerera ku chifuwa cha mpingo linakhalanso ndi kupatuliranso. Tsopano imachitika utumiki mu Russian ndi Chifinishi.

Kumanda Vvedenskoe mfundo yodabwitsa kuti pali manda a atsogoleri otchuka mpingo. Zitasintha, pa kuzunzidwa kwa atsogoleri achipembedzo, m'dera la necropolis ali kuyambira kukaika ansembe Orthodox. Pamaso Wamkulu zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo, manda awa akutetezedwa pansi ammudzi Lutheran mu Moscow.

Manda "Chrysostom Orthodox" Metropolitan Tryphon anapita mabishopu, Alexy II, namgwira utumiki wa pemphero.

Chifukwa cha matenda aakulu kupewa chokana Archpriest Alexei Myachev. Ban za akuluakulu a kulankhula ndi okhulupirika kwambiri adzafupikitsidwa moyo wake. Iye anaikidwa pafupi ndi mkazi wake pa manda German. Mu 2000, canonized. mphamvu chatsopanochi kunditumiza ku mpingo St. Nicholas mu Moscow.

Iwo kalekale asiyidwa manda a Atate Zosima. Pali nkhani wopemphayo wodala Tamara, amene ankakhala manda ndi kusonkhanitsa mphatso zachifundo. Pa ndalama limodzi ali chitakonzedwa mwina kubwezeretsedwa yopemphereramo Erlanger banja. Iye tidied manda a munthu wokalamba ndi kulimbikitsa ntchito yomanga tchalitchi ochepa zitsulo pa izo.

Chifukwa cha mkazi uyu chosadzikonda akhoza tadza kwa Zosima ndi kupempha malangizo nkhani za m'banja, thandizo posankha theka lachiwiri.

Kamangidwe cholowa, manda mbiri ndi manda

Old manda European amakhala ngati tambirimbiri, kumene zitsanzo za malangizo ambiri mu luso. Nazonso mu manda izi Vvedenskoe. Ambiri Osema wotchuka ndi mapulani anali dzanja kupanga crypts ndi, matchalitchi, gravestones.

Kumanda enaake akale Boray akadali lodziwika bwino. Mpaka kumapeto kwa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse anali Chipilala cha wotchuka fano la Khristu Romanelli. Pa mvula ndi manja mpulumutsi akukuthonyera, madzi oyera ankaona amatha kuchiza matenda.

Haji kwa fanolo anali atakwatirana ndi malingaliro a dziko pa nthawi imeneyo, thunthu kunachotsedwa. Tsopano iye ali mu gawo la seminare mu Sergiyev Posad.

Mkati mwa banja decorates ndi yopemphereramo Erlanger mapanelo, opangidwa kuchokera zina zachidule Petrov-Vodkin. M'tchalitchi izi kubweretsa cholemba kufunsa, pano akuchita mapemphero Ambuye, makandulo a. Palibe amene akukumbukira pamene anayamba kukopa Akristu Orthodox.

Pa Njira yaikulu zambiri Mabaibulo osiyanasiyana tombstones chibwenzi kuchokera zoyambirira za m'ma XIX. A chitsanzo chapadera cha zomangamanga Gothic ndi manda a za ngwazi za nkhondo mu 1812 , General Werengerani Pahlen.

Bwino anapulumutsidwa ku pano tsiku crypt Musin-Pushkin, anachita mu kalembedwe Ufumu. Makoma kamodzi woyera thambo zinada nthawi, inamera Moss, koma zidakali ukulu wawo chete.

Kuyambira cha m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi atumwi lubwe zipilala anasunga mtundu wakuda ndi wofiira. Ufumu kumanda kwake mawonekedwe a mizati truncated, steles, boulders.

Popeza 1900s oyambirira, mu ophiphiritsa a tombstones ntchito amayanjana akatswiri. Meyen pa manda - chipilala mu mawonekedwe a mfundo zokhudza ntchito ya sitima. Ife aviator Bukin chipilala pamwamba tinakwera a.

Zithumwa manda Prishvina wolemba. Konenkov ziboliboli chosema ndi Phoenix, kunapezeka kuti ndi mapiko awo kuteteza mtendere wa ambuye waukulu wa malongosoledwe a chikhalidwe.

Asilikali ndi misa manda

Kumanda Vvedenskoe akhoza kudzitama dziko lake ndi m'maiko European. Ichi ndi danga yaing'ono atazunguliridwa ndi unyolo, amene anaphatikiza mfuti anakumba mu nthaka, ndi manda oikamo French asilikali. Iwo anafa mu Moscow ndi m'madera pa nkhondo ya 1812.

Tombstone pa manda a ndege wakale wa dziko Regiment "Normandie-Niemen" mosavuta komanso momveka. Phulusa kusamutsidwa kwa kwawo, tombstone wayima monga msonkho ubwenzi ndi umodzi wa mtunduwo nkhondo yoopsa.

Miyalayo zipilala mu misa manda amatikumbutsa chintchito kochuruka kwa asilikali Soviet amene anaphedwa pa mzinda wa likulu.

Manda a anthu otchuka

Kodi kunyadira Vvedenskoe manda - manda a otchuka. Inapeza komaliza kwake malo okhalamo Zimphona pa nkhondo ndi ntchito, andale, azambiriyakale, asilikali, anthu zaluso, masewera ndi mabuku.

Mwina ambiri akulemekezedwa malo - manda a "dokotala woyera" Haas. Anakhala moyo wake ndi njira kugwiritsa ntchito mawu Evanjeriko "Fulumira kuchita zabwino." Onse makhalidwe zikuluzikulu za ntchito zake zopezeka kumanda. Lolemera changati chimwalacho - chizindikiro cha yolemetsa zosatheka anaika mwa ndende dokotala, mtanda, amene anagwira ndi ulemu masiku otsiriza. Maunyolo - malo wopambana chonyaditsa.

anthu ochepa mukudziwa kuti odyera "Hermitage" mu Moscow anakonza munda Neskuchnii Lyusen Olive. Umalemekeza kuvala wake amalipira m'badwo kuposa wina wa ku Russia pa tebulo Chaka Chatsopano. manda ake angapezeke mu gawo la 12 la manda.

Mabuku Sytin andakatulo oyamikira wamng'ono ndi olemba chiyambi cha XX atumwi. Kugwadila munthu uyu m'malo mwa iye wapanga kuzindikira ndi otchuka onse, zingakhale pa malo 14.

Bright umunthu zopanda malire ndemanga Nikolai Ozerov apuma pa malo 21.

Posachedwapa, ndinapeza malo okhalamo komaliza pa 6 gawo joker satirist Arkadiy Arkanov.

Amene akufuna kulipira ulemu wotsiriza zisudzo ankakonda ayenera pitani Vvedenskoe manda. wotchuka manda angapezeke pa zizindikiro mosavuta. Nazi basi maina owerengeka:

• yowala ndi zodabwitsa za zisudzo diva Maria Maksakova ;
• yabwino dziko agogo Tatiana Peltzer;
• mwini nyumba pa Baker Street Rina Green;
• Chosekedwa ndi songstress la "atsikana" Lyusena Ovchinnikova;
• mlengi wa wosafa "Pokrovsky Gates" Mikhail Kazakov;
• Ammayi ndi zaka 70 zinachitikira, kwambiri Lydia Smirnova.

mndandanda Ichi ndi chachitali kwambiri.

dongosolo manda

Poyamba, dera manda lidagawikana ndi zipembedzo. Ndi zigawo ziwiri ndinapatsidwa Lutheran ndi Akatolika. Mmodzimmodzi - Angilikani Alutherani ndi okonzanso. malo lililonse komanso wakhala amaganiza kuti parishi inayake.

Modern Vvedenskoe manda lagawidwa m'magawo kuchuluka lathu bwino ndi kufunafuna manda ankafuna. A okwana makumi atatu. Pamodzi ndi kukafika kutsogolo kwa khoma mpanda imakonzedwa urns ku manda ndi phulusa.

Pa gawo ndi ofesi yoyendetsa ntchito za mwambo wa maliro, ntchito yopanga, Mpingo kwa maliro.

Kodi kumeneko?

Ankakhala mu mzinda kuti amalola pofuna muwapeze mosavuta ndipo pitani Vvedenskoe manda.

Kodi kupita ku "Bauman" okwerera sitima? Mwatsoka, malopa panopa kutsekedwa, ndipo pa njira mabasi ndi magalimoto si yabwino, popeza palibe njira yolunjika. Koma amayenda ulendo abwino ndi nkhani kuyenda. msewu adzatenga za 40 Mphindi ndi kuilandira.

A njira yabwino - kuchokera mobisa "Electrozavodskaya" basi njira 59 kapena njira takisi 636. Yendayenda 30 minutes kuti siteji "" Lefortovo "Museum.

Yachangu njira - kuchokera okwerera sitima okwerera "Semenovskaya" ndi "Aviamotor". Tengani sitima №№ 32, 43, 46 ndi mphindi 25 kutuluka pa siteji "Vvedenskoe manda." Momwe apo ndi zimene zoyendera ntchito - zimatengera pa zokonda ndi mfundo yoyambira.

Adiresi ndi kutsegula maola

Tumizani adiresi: Vvedenskoye manda Street, Moscow, ndalama, 1.

Necropolis lotseguka kwa alendo:

• October-April - kuchokera 9.00 kuti 17.00;
• May-September - kuchokera 9.00 kuti 19.00.

Malinga ndi malipoti zosatsimikiza, akatswiri kujambula ndi miyendo itatu ndi makanema zoletsedwa. Security mwachangu oyang'anira khalidwe la alendo.

N'zotheka kukonza ulendo gulu kapena munthu aliyense payekha. Kwa maola awiri, mukhoza kuona ndi kuphunzira zambiri zokhudza mbiri ya malo ndi anthu aona pano chitetezo chatha.