Kudzala mandimu pa mbande. Ma leeks: kukula pa webusaitiyi

Leek ndi chilengedwe chonse. Chifukwa chakuti amatha kusintha mofulumira kumadera osiyanasiyana a nyengo, imafalitsidwa padziko lonse lapansi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika, ndi yokazinga, yophika, yowuma, yowuma, yamadzi, ndipo kuchokera pa izi zimangokhala ngati tastier. Ma leeks amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga mankhwala osiyana, monga zokometsera komanso kuwonjezera pamene akukolola masamba m'nyengo yozizira. M'nkhaniyi, mudzaphunzira kuti kubzala maekisi pa chiwembu sikovuta monga momwe kungawonekere poyamba. Kusamala pang'ono kwake, ndipo kugwa pa tebulo lanu kumakhala mavitamini.

Zamoyo

Tiyeni tikambirane za leek, zomwe zimachitika zosiyanasiyana zimaperekedwa m'munsimu. Uyu ndi chomera cha zaka ziwiri chomwe sichimapanga mababu ozolowereka. M'chaka choyamba phesi la leek likumangirizidwa ku leek. Ili ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira ndi masamba akulu, omwe amawonekedwe ofanana mozungulira pa tsinde. Mbali yopindulitsa kwambiri ya chomera ndi tsinde lachinyengo lotchulidwa pamwambapa. Kutalika kwake kumatha kupitirira masentimita 7, ndipo kutalika kufika pamtunda wa 30 cm.

M'chaka chachiwiri, chomera chimapanga mphukira yogonjetsa, yomwe pamapeto pake pamapanga mpweya wabwino. Ndili kumapeto kwa nyengo yokula, n'zotheka kusonkhanitsa mbewu, zomwe zimabzala mbande.

Ndikofunika kusunga mphamvu yozizira ya 2 ° C, mbewu zidzamera m'mikhalidwe yotere ndipo leek idzauka. Kukula mbande - njira yopweteka. Mphukira zazing'ono zisalolere chisanu, koma pamene chomera chimazuka, tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe sizingakhale zovuta kwa iye.

Pali njira ziwiri zowonjezera leek: kubzala mbande kapena kubzala mwachindunji m'nthaka. M'munsimu tikambirana zambiri mwa njira ziwirizi.

Malo abwino kwambiri odzala mbande ya anyezi

Kuti leek ikwaniritse zokolola zochulukira, ziyenera kukula ndi mbande pa nthaka yokoma bwino yomwe imalimidwa bwino. Pakuti mtundu uwu wa zomera uli woyenera mwangwiro asidi ndi nthaka yopanda ndale. Mafuta amakonda kwambiri chinyezi, choncho amatha kukhala wamkulu pa dothi lonyowa. Mu dongo lolimba dothi, zomera zimakula bwino ndipo nthawi zina zimafa. Monga feteleza, urea, kompositi, superphosphate kapena mchere wa potaziyamu imagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Leek anyezi. Kukula mbande ku mbewu

Kukula msanga mbeu ndikupeza mbande zolimba, muyenera kutsatira njira zotsatirazi. Nkofunika kuika mbewu kwa mphindi 20 m'madzi otentha, kenako m'madzi ozizira. Ndondomekoyi itatha, ndikufulumizitsa kumera, nyembazo zimanyowa masiku atatu m'madzi ofunda. Mbeu itathiridwa, imayidwa pamadzi, ndipo nkhuku zimabzalidwa pa mbande.

Kufesa mbewu

Kuti mukhale ndi leek yathanzi, ndondomeko iyenera kuchitika nthawi inayake. Pochita izi, wolimawo amafunika mabokosi a kukula mbande, zomwe ziyenera kugwirizana pazenera. February ndi nthawi yabwino kuti mukhale ndi nthangala zachonde za ma leek. Chisamaliro cha chomera nthawi imeneyi chimafuna khama kwambiri. Kumwa kuthirira ndi kupopera mankhwala nthawi zonse kudzachita ntchito yawo. Ngati mukukonzekera kukula mbande mu wowonjezera kutentha, mbewuyo ikuchitika pakati pa mwezi wa April. Ndipo kumapeto kwa mwezi uno - mbewu zingabzalidwe pamabedi. Musaiwale kuwaphimba ndi filimuyo.

Mabokosi ali ndi nthaka yokonzedwa, koma osati pamwamba. Kenaka mbewu zimabzalidwa motsatira ndi pafupifupi masentimita asanu 5. Kuya kwa poyambira koteroko sikuposa 15 mm. Mabokosiwa atadzazidwa ndi filimu ndikuyika malo otentha ndi owuma. M'kati mwake chifukwa cha hotbed, kutentha kwa mpweya kumafunika pafupifupi 25 ° C. Pamene mphukira zoyamba zikuwonekera, timachotsa filimuyo ndikusunga ulamuliro wa kutentha mlungu wonse - usiku 12 ° C, ndi masana - 17 ° C. Patapita mlungu umodzi, timayang'ana 20 ° C masana ndi 14 ° C usiku. Ndipo kotero mu gawo lonse la kukula mbande.

Timasamalira mbande

Mbewu yoyamba itatha kuchokera kumbewu, kusamalira mosamala mbewu kumayambira, zomwe zotsatira zake zidzadalira.

Leek ndi mbewu yolima yomwe imakonda madzi kwambiri. Choncho, nthaka iyenera kukhala yothira pang'ono. Musadwale ndi kuthirira, mwinamwake mizu ikhoza kuvunda. Samalani kuti dothi silume, koma simukufunikira kulimitsa kwambiri.

Kuthirira kumaphatikizidwa ndi madzi ofunda ndi mutu waung'ono. Njira yonseyi imachitidwa mosamala, kuti asawononge zimayambira. Ngati mukufuna kupeza zokolola zabwino, musawonongeke. Pankhaniyi, kuvala pamwamba kumawathandiza kwambiri. Amachitidwa kamodzi kapena kawiri.

Kuti mizu ikhale yamphamvu kwambiri komanso phesi likhale lalikulu, dulani masamba. Pambuyo pa njirayi, kutalika kwa masamba sikuyenera kupitirira 10 cm.

Kuyala kwa mbande ya maekisi a anyezi kumachitika pambuyo poti mbeuyo iuma. Pakatha masabata asanu ndi limodzi amatengedwera kumsewu ndipo pang'onopang'ono amachepetsa kuthirira. Ndiyeno mbande zimabzalidwa panja.

Timafesa mbewu za anyezi a leek molondola

Pamene mbande imakula, ndi nthawi yolimala pang'onopang'ono. Kawirikawiri, njirayi ikuchitika kumapeto kwa mwezi wa April kapena kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May. Malowa ayenera kukhala okonzedweratu. Mbande obzalidwa m'mizere yomwe kale inakonzedwa grooves. Kuya kwa kubzala ndi kwakukulu kwambiri kuposa mabokosi. Mizu ndi masamba a anyezi amadulidwa pang'ono.

Mizere imapangidwira mtunda wa masentimita 50 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake, ndipo mbande anyezi amabzalidwa, poyang'ana nthawi ya masentimita 10. Izi zimapereka kukula kwa mbeu ndikupanga njira yabwino kwambiri.

Khalani ndi leek

Kubzala leek pa mmera ndi chiyambi chabe. Chinthu chovuta kwambiri ndikusamalira chomera cholimba. Chiyambi cha kulima bwino anyezi ndi zinthu ziwiri: kuyamwitsa ndi kudyetsa. Kwa chomera chaching'ono, panthawi yake kumasulidwa kwa nthaka ndi weeding ndizofunikira kwambiri. Kuthirira ndi kukwera pamwamba kwa maekisi kumachitika ngati n'kofunika. Kawirikawiri, njirazi zimayendetsedwa pa nyengo yokula. Pakuti ma leeks ndi feteleza abwino kwambiri ndi madontho a mbalame, amamera ndi madzi pafupifupi 1:20.

Pambuyo pa kambewu kameneka kakuzika mizu, nthaka yothira imatsanulidwira mu kama. Pakatha miyezi ingapo, kukwera koyamba kukuchitika, ndiye ngati nkofunikira, ndondomeko imabwerezedwa mpaka kukolola. Kwa chomera ndi zabwino kwambiri kuwonjezera phulusa pamtengo pamaso pa hilling. Leek sichimalola kuti namsongole azungulira ife, choncho imafunika kupalira nthawi zonse.

Pa chitetezo cha mbewu

Monga chomera chilichonse, leek imatha kupha tizilombo ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Koma chopindulitsa chake chimakhalabe kuti, poyerekeza ndi anyezi, imakhala yotsutsana kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri sichithawa ndi tizirombo kapena mtundu wina wa matenda. Kutsata malangizowo omwe ali pamwambawa (kubzala bwino kwa maekiti pa mbande ndi kumamatira kulima njira zaulimi), ndikupatsa chidwi chomera, sikovuta kukula kuti ukhale wathanzi.

Komabe, pali tizilombo toopsa kwa chikhalidwe ichi. Mwachitsanzo, anyezi auluka. Ngakhale dzina lake, tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa limawononga zomera zambiri. Koma palinso chomera chomwe tizilombo sichimalekerera kaloti. Ngati mubzala mbewu ziwiri izi pafupi ndi mzake, vuto ndi ntchentche anyezi lidzathetsedwa. Kusuta fodya ndi tizilombo tina. Polimbana nalo, mankhwala apadera amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Koma chilengedwe chinali ndi nthawi yosamalira ndi kupanga chikoka cha chilengedwe cha fodya - chodyera mite.

Chimodzi mwa matenda otchuka kwambiri a leeks ndi powdery mildew. Pochotsapo, gwiritsani ntchito chida chothandiza chotchedwa Bordeaux fluid. Ndipo ngati mphukira zoyera zimaonekera pa mphukira ndikuchoka, ndi nthawi yogwiritsa ntchito nthaka yobala.

Kukolola ndikusunga bwino

Malingana ndi mitundu yambiri ya anyezi, zokolola zimayamba ndi kuyamba kwa chisanu choyamba, pamene mbewu yayamba kale kupanga masamba 3-4 a tsamba lino. Chomeracho chimakumbidwa bwino ndikuchotsedwa pansi, chogwira mphukira. Mizu imachotsedwa ndi pruner, yosasiya masentimita awiri a basal, ndipo masamba adadulidwa mu 2/3 kutalika kwake. Leek ili yabwino kwambiri yosungirako katundu. Pa nthawi yomweyi, mavitamini C omwe amapezeka mu tsinde sachepetsedwa. Zitha kusungidwa m'chipinda chapansi m'nyengo yozizira, zimakhala zokwanira 80% kutentha kwa temperature ya 1-3 ° C, ndipo zimayambira pamtunda kuti zimbe mumchenga wochepa. Ngati mchenga uli wochuluka kwambiri - boma lidzaphwanyidwa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti chomera chikhoza kuvunda.

Kuwonjezera apo, leeks ikhoza kusungidwa mwanjira yosakhala yachikhalidwe. Ndizozizira, mchere, marinated, zouma, ndi zina zotero. Mu mawonekedwe owuma, anyezi ndibwino kwambiri Kuwonjezera pa zokolola zina. Mukhozanso kutulutsa anyezi m'maphukusi a 5-7 zidutswa ndi sitolo mufiriji kwa miyezi isanu.

Zothandiza za leek

Leek ili ndi mavitamini ambiri, komanso mapuloteni ambiri. Zakudya za ascorbic acid, potassium, carotene ndi zina zotero. Amalola kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kuti apititse patsogolo metabolism, kuonjezera njala, kuteteza chitetezo komanso kuthana ndi mndandanda wa matenda. Mwachitsanzo, pochizira matenda a rheumatism, miyala ya impso, kunenepa kwambiri, mchere umapereka, gout, atherosclerosis.

Zinthu zambiri zothandiza zili ndi leek. Kulima, kusamala, mmera pazenera ndi kumera kwa mbewu ndizofunika kuyesetsa.

Kufotokozera mwachidule, tikhoza kunena kuti leek ndi yoyenera kukhala kamodzi m'munda wa munda wanu.