Kuchotsa impso: zizindikiro, nthawi yowonjezera nthawi, kukonzanso, zakudya, zotsatira

Pali matenda angapo omwe kuchotsa impso ndiyo njira yokhayo yopulumutsira moyo wa wodwalayo. Ichi ndi choyipa kwambiri, koma ngati simungathe kuchita popanda izo, ndiye kuti mumayenera kupeza zambiri za zomwe zidzachitike. Komanso, ndi zofunika osati kungodziwa momwe ntchito yothandizira idzachitidwire, komanso kuti mudziwe zonse zokhudza nthawi yobwezeretsa.

Ntchito ya impso

Palibe ziwalo zosafunikira m'thupi la munthu. Aliyense amachita ntchito yake, kutsogolera za umunthu wathunthu. Impso zimagwira ntchito zingapo zomwe ziri zofunika kwambiri:

• Kuyeretsedwa kwa magazi kuchokera ku kutulutsa nayitrogeni kwa metabolism ndi poizoni wina;
• Kusunga mlingo woyenera wa electrolyte;
• Kusamala kwa madzi mu ziwalo za thupi;
• Kusunga ndi kuyendetsa magazi;
• Kusungulumwa kuchokera kumagulu a maselo a zinthu zomwe zimagwira ntchito, monga renin ndi erythropoietin.

Kutsekemera kwa renin ndi erythropoietin n'kofunika kuti munthu asunge ndondomeko ya magazi komanso molondomeko wa hematopoiesis.

Zisonyezo za kuchotsedwa kwa organ

Kuchotsa impso kuli ndi dzina lachipatala - losavuta. Asanayambe opaleshoni, madokotala amayesa kusunga limba ndi njira zonse zomwe zilipo. Chowonadi ndi chakuti ngati impso ikhoza kugwira ntchito osachepera 20%, ndiye ikhoza kuthana ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito. Koma ndi opaleshoni ina yachipatala sitingapewe. Ngati kuchotsa kwa impso sikuchitika nthawi, zotsatira zake zidzakhala zovuta.

Nkhorectomy imalamulidwa kuti zikhale ndi matenda, ziwalo zoopsa, congenital anomalies, polycystosis ndi hydronephrosis. Ngati pakupezeka maphunziro oipa, sikutheka kuchedwa ndi kupanga chisankho. Khansara imadziwika ndi kufalitsa mofulumira kwa metastases mu matenda abwino.

Ndondomeko

Kuchotsa impso sikuperekedwa popanda kufufuza mozama wodwala. Pofufuza mmene ntchito yachiwiri ikugwiritsidwira ntchito, X-ray imasiyanitsa, MRI ndi maphunziro ena amalembedwa. Ngati mwadzidzidzi, ntchitoyi imayang'aniridwa panthawiyi pogwiritsa ntchito dayi yapadera, yomwe imayenera kusungidwa mu mkodzo.

Opaleshoni imachitika kuchipatala. Wodwala ali m'chipatala kwa masabata amodzi kapena atatu. Izi zimadalira kuvuta kwa chikhalidwe ndi mtundu wa opaleshoni. Nkhorectomy ingathe kuchitidwa mwachinsinsi kapena laparoscopically.

Ochita opaleshoni amakonda njira ya laparoscopic yopanga mauthenga. Odwala amangofanana ndi kuchotsedwa kwa impso. Malingaliro pa khalidwe la laparoscopy ndi yabwino kwambiri:

• Thupi silichoka pachimake chachikulu ndi choipa;
• Ntchitoyi ndi yabwino;
• Mavuto amayamba nthawi zambiri;
• Osavuta kuti azitha kukonzanso;
• Mungapewe kulemala.

Mfundo ndi yakuti kuwonongeka kumachitika kudzera m'zigawo zazing'ono m'dera la lumbar. Amalowa laparoscope, ndipo kulamulidwa kwa kuphedwa kumachitika padera.

Zingakhale zovuta

Kuchotsa impso kungaperekenso ndi mavuto osayenera, omwe amadalira matenda okhwimitsa thupi komanso kusayenda kwa nthawi yaitali. Zikhoza kukhala chibayo chofewa kapena chifuwa cha pulmonary embolism. Nthawi zina, thrombophlebitis, myocardial infarction kapena stroke imakula. Zovuta zofanana muzochitika zachipatala zimachitika mochuluka, monga madokotala amatengera njira zowatetezera iwo.

Wodwala ayenera kumvetsetsa kuti kuchotsedwa kwa impso ndi chifukwa cha matenda osanyalanyaza omwe angasokoneze thanzi. Ntchito yothandizira pazifukwa izi ndi yosapeweka. Koma vuto la postoperative likhoza kupeŵedwa. Apa zambiri zimatengera kukonzekera kukonzekera ndi chilakolako cha munthu kuti abwerere ku moyo wakhama mofulumira. Ndikofunika kutsatira mosamalitsa malamulo onse ndi mankhwala.

Nthawi yopuma. Zochita zathupi

Ngati kuchotsedwa kwa impso kuchitidwa, nthawi yotsatirayi imafuna kupuma kwathunthu. Tsiku loyamba wodwala akugona kumbuyo kwake, akuyenda mozungulira ndi kumbali yake, zimatsutsana, monga momwe zimachokera ku renal pedicle. Kumapeto kwa tsiku loyamba kapena m'mawa a tsiku lotsatira, achipatala amathandiza mosamala kupita kumbali yawo. Khalani pansi pamalo ololedwa kwa masiku 2-3, ngati panalibe mavuto. Tulukani pabedi mungathe tsiku lachinayi.

Wodwalayo akulimbikitsidwa kuti azichita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuyenda bwino ndi manja ndi mapazi. N'zosatheka kukhalabe osatengeka kwa nthawi yayitali, komabe ndizovuta kukhala achangu kwambiri. Ngati malangizowo sakulemekezedwa, nthata kapena zokopa zikhoza kuwonekera.

Chinthu chofunika kwambiri ndi ntchito ya madzi oyera

Ponena za kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, mapangidwe a poizoni amachitika m'thupi la munthu. Iwo ali operewera ndi ndowe ndi mkodzo, koma nthawizonse impso zimatha kuzikonza bwino. Ngakhalenso katundu wochulukirapo amapezeka ngati kuchotsedwa kwa gululi, choncho ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti ntchito yotsalira ikhale yothandiza.

Choyamba, wodwala ayenera kuphunzitsidwa kumwa madzi oyeretsedwa okha omwe asankhidwa. Amalimbikitsidwanso kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ofungunuka. Pa chakudya cha tsiku ndi tsiku, muyenera kumwa 30 ml wa madzi oyera pa 1 kg ya kulemera kwake kwa wodwala kapena 7 ml ya madzi ofungunuka.

Anthu omwe akuvutika ndi kunenepa ayenera kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa madzi akumwa kuchokera kuwerengera izi:

• Madzi oyeretsedwa - osachepera 40 ml pa 1 kg wolemera;
• Sungunulani madzi - kuchokera 10 ml pa 1 kg ya kulemera.

Momwemonso madziwa ndi othandizira kuti azigwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku, kuphatikizapo wodwala ayenera kulandira madzi owonjezera omwe ali mu masamba, zipatso, soups, ndi zina zotero.

Kugwiritsa ntchito madzi okwanira kumapatsa chofewa chofewa, pamene mkodzo udzakhala wochepa kwambiri.

Zakudya

Chakudya choyamba chimaloledwa pafupi tsiku litatha opaleshoni, koma madzi amaperekedwa kale. Odwala ena amadandaula za kuchepa kwa m'mimba motility komanso kuchuluka kwa getsi kupanga.

Wodwalayo atachotsedwa impso, chakudya chiyenera kusintha kwambiri. Zaka ziwiri zotsatira ziyenera kutsata chakudya: kuchotsani ku zakudya zamchere, kuzifota, kusuta ndi zakudya zokometsera, kuchepetsa kudya mapuloteni ndi maswiti, kupewa kumwa mowa ndi tiyi.

Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku ziyenera kuphatikizapo zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Nkhumba ndi mavwende zimayikidwa mu zakudya. Zakudya kapena zophika nyama ziyenera kukhala zowonongeka kapena zophika, monga yokazinga m'nthawi ino ndi yovulaza. Nthaŵi zina mungagwiritsire ntchito mankhwala a mkaka wowawasa kapena yoghurts, koma ayenera kukhala atsopano komanso kukhala ndi moyo wafupipafupi. Ndalama zomwe zimadyetsedwa zoterezi ziyenera kuchepetsedwa.

Kukonzanso

Ngati impso ikuchotsedweratu, kubwezeretsa kumatha kutenga chaka ndi theka. Pang'onopang'ono, impso otsalayo amazoloŵera kuwonjezereka maganizo ndipo amalepheretsa kusagwirizana.

Nthawi yoyamba muyenera kuchotsa kulemera kwa zolemera komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. M'mawa ndi madzulo, ndibwino kuti tipange maulendo, ndibwino kuti tipukutire ndi thaulo lamadzi ndi wosamba mosiyana. Kusamala kwakukulu kumafunika kulipidwa pakhungu la khungu, popeza limagwira ntchito, pamodzi ndi impso zotsala.

Pambuyo pa kuchotsedwa, nkofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa mosamala mkhalidwe wa impso zathanzi. Simungathe kudyetsa, kuthamanga matenda aakulu, ndikudzipangira mankhwala. Kukambirana kawirikawiri kwa urologist kudzakuthandizani kufufuza bwinobwino mkhalidwe wanu. Dzizisamalireni nokha, chifukwa impso zachitatu m'thupi siziperekedwa.