Kuchepetsa asidi sulfuric

Colorless viscous madzi, kuwira kutentha amene ali 269,2 ° C, ndi yokoka yeniyeni - 1,83 g / ml ya pa yozungulira kutentha (20º) - uyu ali ndi asidi sulfuric. Limatsogolera mfundo za mankhwala ndi 10,3ºS yekha.

Mlingo wa ndende asidi sulfuric mwachuluka kutithandiza kuona ntchito zake umagwirira ndi mafakitale. Monga ulamuliro, pali zofunikira ziwiri ochiritsira magawano ndende misinkhu, ngakhale m'njira mosamalitsa sayansi, kuchititsa kusiyana n'zosangalatsa kumva pakati pa iwo ndi zosatheka. Malinga ndi gulu ili allocated asidi kuchepetsa sulfuric acid moyikirapo sulfuric.

Zimavuta angapo zitsulo monga chitsulo, nthaka, magnesium, mankhwala akumasula wa hydrogen pa zotani. Mwachitsanzo, mwa kuchita ndi zimene chitsulo chikuchitika, amene chilinganizo kwalembedwa motere: Fe + H2SO4 = FeSO4 + H2. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kuchepetsa asidi sulfuric, amene amakhala ndi katundu monga oxidizer amphamvu, pafupifupi Kodi samva ndi zitsulo ndi ntchito otsika - mkuwa, siliva, golide.

Kukhala oxidant amphamvu, pawiri amatha oxidizing mndandanda kwambiri zitsulo, chuma ichi kuvumbitsira chimagwiritsidwa ntchito zosiyanasiyana za mafakitale.

Childs, mwa kuchita ndi zinthu mankhwala yogwira, monga mankhwala enaake a kapena sodium, chifukwa cha redox anachita akamagwira ndi okusayidi sulfure (IV), ndipo ngati zinthu zimenezi yogwira ndi zitsulo, zimene chifukwa umabala sulfide wa hydrogen (H 2 S) ndi sulfure (S ). Izi zitsulo yogwira ndi calcium, potaziyamu, magnesium kale ndi ena.

Anhydrous, kapena chirichonse iwo ukutchedwa, asidi kwambiri moyikirapo sulfuric, ofooka kapena zayamba si kucheza ndi zitsulo, monga chitsulo, popeza chitsulo ali otsika kwambiri ntchito mankhwala. The chifukwa cha zimene ankachita angathe kutumikira yekha mapangidwe padziko aloyi okhala chitsulo, filimu olimba, zimene zikuchokera mankhwala zikuphatikizapo oxides. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti kuchepetsedwa chidulo cha safuriki, ndi wambiri, kusungidwa natengedwa mu muli makamaka anapanga zitsulo: titaniyamu, zitsulo zotayidwa, faifi tambala.

mankhwala akhoza oxidize sanali zitsulo, ndipo ngakhale kuwonetsa katundu wawo zobwera chifukwa cha okosijeni mu zochita za zinthu zovuta, kodi wothandizila kuchepetsa. Khalidwe la maganizo anatsimikiza ndi digiri ya ndende, amene ali ndi kuchepetsa sulfuric asidi lililonse. Komano, chinthu, kaya mlingo ndende zambiri za katundu khalidwe wogwidwa ndi zidulo ena. Mwachitsanzo, amatha zimavuta ndi oxides, kuyambitsa kudzipatula salt lapansi. Chinthu chomwecho zimachitika mogwirizana ndi hydroxides. Komanso, kuchepetsa asidi sulfuric, chilinganizo cha zimene H2SO4, ndi pawiri dibasic, amenenso ndipamene khalidwe lokha kwa katundu mu ankachita ndi zinthu zina. Machitidwe waukulu zotsatira mu mchere wa ankachita izi anapanga mitundu iwiri ya sing'anga (a asidi kuikapo maganizo), mchere - sulfates ndi kuchepetsedwa kwa - salt asidi, hydrosulfates.

Monga tanenera kale, kuchepetsa asidi sulfuric - ndi ntchito zofunika ndipo ambiri mankhwala makampani mankhwala a. Ntchito kumabungwe ena mafakitale komanso m'zigawozigawo. Choncho, ntchito opanga ulusi yokumba, ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mapulasitiki, feteleza, utoto. Acid katundu anafuna mu kupanga mabomba. Makampani zitsulo ndi yofunika kwambiri mu ulimi wa zitsulo, komanso chimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga choumitsira mpweya.

Opangidwa kuchokera ku asidi sulfuric - sulphate - ntchito mwakhama ulimi, makampani - kupanga utoto, pepala, labala pulasitala, ndi zambiri.