Kodi sitiroko? Zizindikiro ndi mankhwala a ziwalo

Kodi sitiroko? Ichi chiri chikhalidwe anthu, umene kwathunthu wopanda luso galimoto chifukwa cha kusowa mphamvu minofu. chochitika ichi chifukwa ndi zotupa ulusi mitsempha: wodwalayo sitingathe kupita paokha ndipo amadalira anthu owazungulira.

Nthawi zambiri, mitsempha ziwalo ndi zotsatira za njira yaikulu zoipa m'thupi, koma mitundu ina akhoza kuchita monga matenda wodziimira: Erb a manjenje, Bell manjenje, matenda Parkinson, poliyo oziziritsa ziwalo.

njira matenda

Matenda a matenda chifukwa cha chotupa ulusi mitsempha chikukhudza:

• Kupenda ndi katswiriyu ndi;
• X-ray;
• Yopangidwa tomography ndi maginito kumveka;
• myography;
• neurosonography;
• poona reflex a m'munsi malekezero luso (Achilles, plantar, m'maondo kugwedezeka anachita ndi phwando Endrashika).

Zotsatira za kulephera kuyenda

Kodi sitiroko? Kodi odwala amene ali mu mkhalidwe kulephera kuyenda? Yaitali bedi zina, chifukwa cha downtime, moyipa zimakhudza umoyo wa munthu wakufa ziwalo uja. Pamene mu malo supine ndi wamkulu kuposa masiku 4, wodwalayo kuchepa mu minofu kamvekedwe, pali mavuto ndi magazi, yafupika olowa kuyenda. Popita mu kagayidwe thupi kumangidwanso, shuga kuwonjezeka anati mu magazi, chakhungu bwino nitric-calcium.

Chifukwa ziwalo ndi recumbency, chifukwa boma la chamoyo chikuwonjezereka mlingo wa fupa kupatulira, kuchuluka kusatetezeka thirakiti mkodzo, mkodzo incontinence amasonyeza kuchitika chizungulire ndi kukomoka, makamaka kusintha malo a thupi ndipo motsatana lakuthwa mutu. The ndondomeko ya kupuma buku m'mapapo ntchito mwina kusokonezedwa makope chomwe pambuyo loyang'anizana thrombosis.

Kusamalira nyampfutete

A mtima wosowa pa nthawi ino kusamalidwa, m'pofunika kuzindikira kuti stiffness mu mafupa sayenera kudziwa okwana kulephera kuyenda. Ngakhale ndi ziwalo ayenera kusuntha, kuchita Zochita zosiyanasiyana chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo. Choncho, kuyambira chiyambi cha bedi mpumulo zofunika zikuluzikulu za chisamaliro khalidwe ayenera kukhala zokambirana komanso kuphunzira malo. Ngati wodwala akulephera kuchita izo yekha, iye ayenera kuthandiza. Kupuma kokoka umalimbana okhudzidwa zigawo zonse za mapapo, anafooka mu ziwalo.

ndi nkhope ziwalo Kodi

Mwachilungamo ambiri Bell manjenje, zomwe zimabweretsa yatsoka ndi awa:

• matenda opatsirana (diphtheria, mliri parotitis);
• zoopsa choipa;
• hypothermia;
• khansa;
• magazi chisokonezo mu oopsa ndipo atherosclerosis;
• zotsatira za media otitis;
• njira yotupa mu ubongo.

Nkhope ziwalo kusiyana mofulumira kwambiri ndipo ukhoza kuonekera pa m'badwo uliwonse, koma nthawi zambiri zimakhudza anthu amene analowa 60 chaka akukula. Molondola zifukwa matenda sikuti afufuza; ife tikudziwa kuti limagwirira wa pakuwonekera kwake chifukwa cha kutupa kwa mitsempha nkhope kuti kumachitika chifukwa tizilombo kapena kulephera m'thupi.

Symptomatology a ziwalo nkhope

Zizindikiro za chikhalidwe oopsa ndi:

• ululu kumbuyo khutu, nthawi zambiri zikuchitika padziko madzulo a zizindikiro za minofu kufooka m'dera nkhope;
• kusowa kwa nkhope kumbali akhudzidwa ndi kumwetsa minofu chidule mbali ina ya nkhope. Choncho, pamene mukufuna kumwetulira m'kamwa wodwala skewed ku mbali wathanzi;
• muskulaturnaya kufooka kuti angathe kuyamba nkhani maola;
• lonse kutsegula kwa fissure chamawonedwe. Wodwalayo sangathe kutseka maso olumala;
• dzanzi m'dera nkhope;
• kuphwanya salivation ndi lacrimation.

nkhope ziwalo chithandizo

Kodi ziwalo za nkhope, ndipo kodi Njira Ndi bwino kutenga kuchiza izo? Njira za chithandizo cha ziwalo nkhope amasankhidwa malingana mlingo wa kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ndipo nthawi zambiri ndi mankhwala kuchipatala.

Mu masiteji koyamba matenda wodwala Kwalamulidwa glucocorticoids, umene n'zotheka kuchepetsa zovuta ndi Kutalika kwa ziwalo yotsalira. Kuikidwa ndi mankhwala mavairasi oyambitsa, "Valacyclovir", "Acyclovir" "Famciclovir."

Ntchito yoika m'manda maso wodwalayo kuichotsa zachilengedwe kapena njira isotonic, ndi bandaging. Pambuyo pa sabata imodzi ya chithandizo amapatsidwa vitamini maofesi ndipo limatanthauza kuti kuwongolera mitsempha conduction.

Ikufanana kutsatira njira zimenezi:

• physiotherapy;
• kutema mphini;
• khosi kutikita;
• laser mankhwala;
• ultrasound;
• UHF magetsi kumunda.

Zikavuta, ndi opaleshoni, zomwe ziyenera kuchitika palibe pasanafike miyezi 3 pambuyo kudziwika matenda. Apo ayi kudwala angathe Muyaya. Pa ntchito ikuchitika tosaoneka decompression, imene fupa kuchotsedwa amabisa mitsempha nkhope. M'pofunika kutsegula nembanemba ubongo. Kenako dokotalayu n'kukulemberani Zochita enieni minofu nkhope, chifukwa chimene sichitha kuchira kwathunthu nthawi zambiri.

Kuopsa chofooka nthambi galimoto

ziwalo chifukwa cha zotupa msana. Pamene mtundu wathunthu kusweka umphumphu wa limba. mmene kuvulazidwa wake umakhudza minofu kulephera kwa dera la thupi.

Msana choipa pa mlingo wa 4, 5 ndi 6 khomo lachiberekero vertebrae chifukwa mu quadriplegia - ziwalo za miyendo yonse inayi, koma wodwala akhoza kukhotetsa ndi kukweza manja awo. Pamene chotupa malo 6 ndi 7 vertebrae khomo lachiberekero subtracted miyendo manja ziwalo ndi mfundo dzanja; wodwala yekha kusuntha phewa lanu ndi pang'ono kupotokera manja.

Ngati kuwonongeka amapezeka pa Ndipo pamwamba pa 4 linkawonongeka khomo lachiberekero, wolumala kupuma, zomwe nthawi zambiri itha imfa.

Paraplegia amatchedwa ziwalo za miyendo onse amene amapezeka chifukwa cha zoipa mtanda msana m'dera la lumbar ndi thoracic vertebrae.

Nthawi zonse kuvulazidwa msana amakhala ndi kuphwanya tilinazo m'madera okhudzidwa.

Symptomatology nthambi ziwalo

nthambi immobilization kukuonetsedwa zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• tsankho kuchepetsa mphamvu minofu kudutsa mu chonsechi (akuphokosera) ziwalo;
• kusowa ululu tilinazo;
• mkodzo ndi fecal incontinence;
• osakwanira magazi mu miyendo akhudzidwa.

Izo zimayambitsa ziwalo za nthambi

Zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa miyendo galimoto ndi:

• kobadwa nako matenda;
• chotupa mapangidwe, kutsina chingwe msana;
• kutupa chingwe msana.

Kumathandiza ndi ngozi.

Kodi kubwezeretsa miyendo ziwalo?

ziwalo za miyendo mankhwala chifukwa cha ngozi zochitika, ndi kuonetsetsa kuti ntchito kwa kachitidwe magazi ndi kupuma wotithandiza kuti thupi. Thiabendazole angagwiritsidwe ntchito makina mpweya wabwino. Wodwala Kwalamulidwa yaitali bedi zina.

Chinthu chofunika panjira kuchira ndi thupi ndipo zosiyanasiyana njira konzanso. M'kupita kwa olimbitsa ntchito yobweretsa magazi wathuyo nthambi analumala minofu amakhala ndi chikakamizo njira chabe. Ena angapo zokambirana amagwiritsidwa imachitika kwa minofu wathanzi. Kamodzi zimaonekeratu kuti minofu ziwalo osaonekanso, muyenera kuchita Zochita wapadera galimoto.

mankhwala pantchito amagwiritsidwanso ntchito - ndi ya miyeso konzanso umalimbana ayambe moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku ndi ntchito mwachizolowezi anthu, kutenga nkhani zopinga thupi pano.

A mbali yaikulu pa ndondomeko chithandizo, nthawi mokwanira yaitali, kusewera thandizo maganizo nyakulamala amene amamva otsika. Kulimbana ndi maofesi a akutulukira ikuchitika ntchito misala ndi njira kuganizira zinthu zolimbikitsa.

Aakulu ubongo matenda: khunyu la ubongo

Oziziritsa ziwalo - matenda osachiritsika, zomwe zimaonetseratu ndi kusowa kwake patsogolo, mwachitsanzo pofuna kukwaniritsa. Zimayambitsa waukulu oziziritsa ziwalo lero ndi:

• hypoxia mwana yomweyo pambuyo pa kubadwa kapena pa kukhala m'chiberekero. Nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha matenda opha ziwalo ndi kudwala komwe kumachitika nthawi gestation (matenda a mtundu wina matenda m'mawa, mkhutu kufalitsidwa placental), ndi kuyambitsa chosakwanira chitukuko cha madera ubongo udindo muyezo umodzi wa thupi ndi asilikali ake reflex. Chifukwa njira mu deta mafupa molakwa anagawira minofu kamvekedwe chimachititsa chitukuko cha luso pathological galimoto;
• kuvulala pobereka. Mwina chifukwa kapangidwe cha mafupa a chiuno parturient, ntchito ofooka ntchito mofulumira kudutsa ndi yobereka yaitali, pambuyo yaitali yobereka anhydrous nthawi malposition;
• hemolytic matenda a ana akhanda, imene ubongo mwana ubongo kumachitika poizoni. Mwina chifukwa cha kwa chiwindi insufficiency mu wosabadwa kapena zosagwirizana a gulu magazi kapena RH kholo;
• matenda aakulu kapena wokonda akazi pa mimba (matenda a mtima, chikuku, kunenepa kwambiri, magazi m'thupi, matenda a shuga, matenda oopsa). Ndi zoopsa mwanayo zinthu kulandira mankhwala tsogolo mayi, makamaka asamakhale ndi nkhawa ndi mavuto obwera: nkhawa, zoopsa thupi, uchidakwa, maganizo kusapeza, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala;
• yolakwika mimba, chifukwa kawopsedwe ndi, kumuopseza kusokoneza, immunological zosagwirizana ndi mwanayo;
• Zovuta pobereka, n'zothandiza zinthu zikamera wa mawotchi asphyxia ndi mutu kuvulala - mfundo yachiwiri kuchititsa kuwonongeka kwa ubongo.

The aakulu mawonekedwe oziziritsa ziwalo chonsechi quadriplegia ankaona, ndi wofala obadwa nthawi yawo isanakwane. Theka la ana awa amene anabadwa msanga, imodzi anati mapindikidwe wa thupi, khunyu, zochepa sayenda nthambi, strabismus, chamawonedwe manja, kumva imfa, microcephaly (chosayenerera chitukuko ubongo). Mwana ndi matenda a "oziziritsa ziwalo" sangathe kudzisamalira ndi kuchita ntchito yosavuta moyo.

Oziziritsa ziwalo mu mawonekedwe hemiplegic wofanana ndi kuphwanya nthambi za mbali imodzi ya thupi. Dzanja pamene akuvutika Pamlingo kuposa phazi.

Dyskinetic, kapena hyperkinetic, mawonekedwe akuwonetseredwa ndi kuchuluka minofu kamvekedwe, kumva imfa, ziwalo. Intelligence akanali yemweyo: mwana sukulu ndi yunivesite.

matenda Ataxic akuwonetseredwa chitukuko cha retardation maganizo, retardation maganizo.

Infantile ziwalo: Zizindikiro

Zizindikiro za khunyu la ubongo ndi:

• Kuchedwa chiwonetsero cha ntchito za galimoto (motsatana, anaŵerama miyendo ndi manja).
• Complete kulephera kuyenda ndi manja.
• Zopweteka ndi khunyu.
• The kwanthawi mu chitukuko cha mawu.
• Osauka mutu posungira.

Oziziritsa ziwalo chithandizo

Ziwalo, zizindikiro zimene ziri chifukwa chachikulu kwa Kudandaula katswiriyu ana kwa cholinga cha matenda zolondola ndi mankhwalawa sangathe kwathunthu wochiritsidwayo, koma akhoza kwambiri kuwongolera moyo wa mwana odwala. Mu zaka zoyambirira za moyo akutsatiridwa miyeso kukonza kuchepetsa kukokana kwa minofu kamvekedwe, kusintha galimoto luso malo. Zimene kuchepetsa chiopsezo deformities chigoba patsogolo luso la mwana kukhalabe olimba, kuti apange magulu wabwinobwino wa miyendo ndi kuphunzira chiyambidwe cha kudzikonda utumiki.

A mwana ndi matenda a "khunyu la ubongo" ayenera malinga ndi katswiriyu ndi, dokotala, podiatrist, mawu dokotala, konzanso katswiri ndi zamaganizo. Ndi njira mabuku akatswiri zofunika adzaona anatengera ake pazipita moyo.

Ziwalo ana kuchizidwa osakaniza njira zingapo. Izi phwando mankhwala, zonse physiotherapy, kugwira ntchito mankhwala mankhwala mu zolemba zatsiku.