Myocardium - ndi matenda a myocardium ndi ...

Matenda a dongosolo mtima kwambiri wamba pakati pa anthu odwala a misinkhu yosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa bodza ili m'chigawo osauka a malo khalidwe la njira yolakwika ya moyo, kumtundu kutengera za. Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zambiri zimene zimakhudza imfa, matenda ndi m'mnyewa wamtima infarction. Komanso, anthu akuvutika myocarditis, m'mnyewa wamtima hypertrophy mtima, chifukwa kugwira ntchito molakwika limba kapena ndondomeko pathological mu izo.

Miokard- izo

Myocardium - gawo zothinanitsa ndi zimagwirira ntchito zamphamvu za khoma mtima. Chimapanga striated ake mtima minofu minofu. Thupi tichipeza inakula mbale intercalary cardiomyocytes. Chifukwa cha kucheza kwawo ku maofesi kapena minofu CHIKWANGWANI aumbike uzkopletistaya maukonde kupereka rhythmic chidule cha atria ndi ventricles. kumanzere yamitsempha yamagazi myocardium ali wamkulu makulidwe, matenda - zing'onozing'ono. Matenda myocardium tichipeza zigawo kwambiri ndi kungotengeka minofu. The myocardium wa ventricles wa - wa mkati, pakati komanso akunja.

Ulusi minofu ya ventricles ndi atria imayambira annulus fibrosus, amene nadzawasankhula atria ku ventricles lapansi. Iwo zili padziko lamanzere ndi lamanja atrioventricular mipata, chapamimba, kupanga mafupa a mtima (thunthu m'mapapo mwanga, kung'ambika mphete padziko mabowo, fibrotic Triangles).

matenda m'mnyewa wamtima

Myocarditis kapena m'mnyewa wamtima chifukwa matenda ku chiwonongeko cha mtima minofu matenda, protozoal kapena infestations parasitic, zotsatira thupi kapena mankhwala mogwirizana ndi matenda autoimmune ndi matupi awo sagwirizana. Mfundo yaikulu nawo chitukuko cha matenda, chifuwa ndi matenda amaonedwa. Myocardium - thupi limene njira yotupa angayambe monga vuto wa fuluwenza, zilonda zapakhosi, diphtheria, fever, otitis TV.

Poizoni, mavairasi, mabakiteriya kuwononga cardiomyocytes ndi kupangira humoral ndi ma m'thupi anachita kuti limodzi ndi maonekedwe a foci wa necrosis, kukula kwa minofu hypoxic edema, kuchuluka mtima permeability. Kunyalanyaza ndondomeko kungayambitse kusintha kwa mawonekedwe aakulu. Myocarditis - gulu la matenda ndi zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana, pathogenesis ndi etiology. Gawani iwo mu m'thupi ndi matenda. More akutali idiopathic myocarditis, mmene kwambiri anakantha myocardium. matenda chimatengedwa ngati munthu kwambiri opatsirana-matupi awo sagwirizana myocarditis.

Zimayambitsa myocarditis

Challenge mabakiteriya angathe matenda, matenda pachimake tizilombo (sepsis, chibayo, fever, diphtheria ndi mphepo pox, chikuku ndi chikuku, fuluwenza). Pafupipafupi myocarditis zikuchepa kumawonjezera pa kubuka HIV. Chifukwa cha matenda akhoza kukhala matenda oposa mmodzi, ndi zambiri za iwo, pa nthawi yomweyo munthu angatumikire chifukwa atangochimwa kugonjetsedwa kwa minofu, ndipo chachiwiri - chikhalidwe.

Chitetezo cha m'thupi matenda ndi poyizoni kungachititsenso chitukuko cha myocarditis. Development wa matenda amathandiza kuti maganizo thupi ndi kupsyinjika.

Zizindikiro za myocarditis

Pamene opatsirana mankhwala ndi tizilombo zizindikiro myocarditis chifukwa kuledzera kwambiri. Symptomatology opatsirana-matupi awo sagwirizana myocarditis kumachitika chifukwa exacerbation la matenda aakulu. Pamene chiphe (zachipatala ndi seramu myocarditis) anasonyeza tsiku makonzedwe mankhwala kapena seramu. Nthawi zina, kudziwa kumene kuli matenda n'chotheka mothandizidwa ndi electrocardiogram monga maonekedwe matenda si kulitchula.

Violation infarction limodzi ndi zizindikiro zambiri, mwamphamvu ndi chikhalidwe cha omwe zimatengera mtundu wa myocarditis. Nthawi zambiri, odwala amadandaula kufupika kwa mpweya, kufooka ambiri, kutopa, kupweteka mtima. Matendawa akhoza kugwirizana ndi arrhythmia ndi, tachycardia, kulephera kupitilira mtima, chitukuko hydrothorax ndi ascites, anaonjezera chiwindi, edema zotumphukira, edema m'mapapo mwanga, kutupa kwa mitsempha khosi. Pakuti myocarditis kungakhale kovuta, subacute, aakulu, kobwereza ndi pang'onopang'ono.

mitundu ya myocarditis

Myocarditis wolemekezeka pa zifukwa zizindikiro matenda, ndipo zotsatira etiology.

Bakiteriya myocarditis bwanji interventricular septum ndi valavu mphete. Amachititsa diphtheria, amakhala enterococcus ndi Staphylococcus aureus. Ngakhale matenda ndi zina kumachitika zovuta ndi zambiri kumayambitsa imfa ya mtima chifukwa cha kuwonongeka mu contractility mtima, sagging ake ndi kukula. Kusintha alili akhoza kukhala ndi mankhwala ndi antitoxins.

Mogwirizana - trypanosomes - chimachititsa chitukuko cha myocarditis yaikulu pa maziko a matenda Chagas. kudwala The amakhala ndi njira aakulu ndi arrhythmias ndi matenda a mtima. Toxoplasma imfayo myocarditis odwala ndi chitetezo wofooka. Ngati chimphona myocarditis selo wapezeka maselo chimphona zokhudza myocardium. Zimenezi zimachititsa mtima kulephera, amene amakula mwamsanga ndipo itha imfa. Komanso, amasulidwe cheza myocarditis ndi matenda Lyme.

Hypertrophy wa myocardium ndi yamitsempha yamagazi

Hypertrophy amatsogolera ndi kuwonjezeka mu unyinji wa minofu mtima. State m'malo oopsa ndipo akhoza chakupha. Izi zimachitika za thupi kuonjezera magazi. njira zamakono za chithandizo kulola kupewa mavuto ndi thanzi mtima.

Matenda a hypertrophy wa ventricle kumanzere aikidwa kuzionetsetsa thupi. Munthu angathe kukhala zaka ndi matenda popanda kudziwa za kukhalapo kwake. Zizindikiro za matenda kungafanane angina. munthu zochita kupweteka mtima kulephera kugunda kwa mtima, kufupika kwa mpweya pa zolimbitsa thupi kumachitika syncope. Hypertrophy wa ventricle kumanzere zingachititse mavuto aakulu, kuphatikizapo imfa. Panthawi yake matenda ndi mankhwalawa angathe kubwezeretsa munthu wabwinobwino.

Zimayambitsa yamitsempha yamagazi hypertrophy infarction

Hypertrophy zikutanthauza kuti yamitsempha yamagazi myocardium kwambiri chifukwa zotsatira za katundu kwambiri pa mtima. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, mtima Iyamba zokolola. The kuwonjezera mphamvu ya infarction ndi imfa ya katundu zotanuka chifukwa cha yamitsempha yamagazi nesostoyaniya kutaya magazi mu msempha mu kusintha zonse mungoli lapansi. Zina mwa zinthu zimene zimachititsa chitukuko cha hypertrophy: anagula ndi olumala mtima thupi kwambiri, kunenepa kwambiri, matenda oopsa, perekani mkhutu magazi ku limba. Kusintha myocardium yamitsempha yamagazi akhoza chibadwa zotsimikizika.

matendawa amakhudza anthu a mibadwo yonse, koma nthawi zambiri mwa ana zone chiopsezo ndi ana. Kudwala mwina kwambiri ntchito za mtima pamene chimathandiza kupanda Kukwanilitsa mphamvu. Anachititsa kuwonjezeka m'mapapo mwanga mtsempha wamagazi kuthamanga hypertrophy limodzi ndi faintness, kufupika kwa mpweya, chizungulire.

M'mnyewa wamtima infarction: zimayambitsa

Matendawa m'mnyewa wamtima infarction ndi lero chimodzi cha zomwe zimakonda imfa matenda a dongosolo mtima. Pali mndandanda wa zifukwa zomwe zingagwiritsidwe nawo pakutchulidwa a mtima, waukulu wa amene amati ndi blockage wa mtsempha wamagazi ndi inatsekeratu. Kulimbikitsa chitukuko cha matenda: chakhungu zamadzimadzi kagayidwe, kunenepa kwambiri, matenda a shuga, zizolowezi, mtima kuphipha thupi, kusintha clotting magazi, matenda oopsa, atherosclerosis, kutengera za kumtundu.

Zizindikiro m'mnyewa wamtima infarction

Zizindikiro za infarction zovuta amazindikira ali kwambiri kufanana ndi angina pectoris. Koma ululu wa matenda a mtima kumatenga nthawi yaitali ndipo alibe kuchepa ngakhale zina ndi pambuyo ka vasodilators. Pamodzi ndi ululu kumverera mantha opusa, nkhawa. Zizindikiro nkhawa odwala monga chizungulire, kufooka kwambiri, kusanza, nseru, kuchuluka thukuta. Chifukwa disruptions mu ntchito za mtima pali vuto kupuma, kusokoneza kayendedwe ka heartbeats angayambe imfa yadzidzidzi ya kutsitsimuka. Ngati wodwala safuna kuthandiza pamene nthawi adzapatsidwa ndi infarction m'mnyewa wamtima, izo zikhoza kutha mnzake.

Nthawi zina, ndi vuto la mtima sikuchita ululu mu mtima, makamaka odwala ndi shuga. Ofooka ululu akazi limodzi ndi kufupika kwa mpweya, kusanza, kupweteka m'mimba.

zadzidzidzi

Thandizeni m'mnyewa wamtima infarction ayenera kukhala mwamsanga ndi opindula ngati n'kotheka, chifukwa zimakhudza moyo wa munthu. Choyamba, wodwala ayenera kukhala pang'ono kuthandiza okha: kukhadzikika, kutenga udindo pa zimene nkhawa thupi kochepa, kutenga analgesic ( "Baralgin" mankhwala "Analgin"), nitroglycerin mapiritsi, ndi aspirin (ngati ayi, thupi lawo siligwirizana, gastritis ndi matenda anam'peza).

Close mwamsanga chifukwa mtima brigade, kuyeza wodwalayo magazi, ngati n'zotheka kupereka sedative (madontho a motherwort, hawthorn, valerian). A mtima ndi infarction m'mnyewa wamtima ali kukhala mu kunama kapena pansi udindo. Pamene kukweza kuchokera bedi zingaoneke chizungulire. Izi ndi zotsatira za kuthamanga kutsitsa mankhwala "nitroglycerin".

Kupewa infarction m'mnyewa wamtima

Pofuna kupewa matenda a mtima, m'pofunika kuti aziona thanzi lawo ndi nthawi kuthetsa mavuto alionse naye. Kuteteza akhoza kukhala matenda chachikulu (kupewa yatsoka) ndi sekondale (kupewa zisadzachitikenso anthu amene akuvutika). zodzitetezera ndi zofunika osati kwa odwala matenda a mtima, komanso anthu mwangwiro wathanzi. Iwo akuuzidwa kuthetsa zinthu zimene zingachititse kuti chitukuko cha zochitika mtima.

Chinthu choyamba munthu ayenera kuchita - ndi kulamulira thupi, kukhala onenepa - ndi lachonde pansi zikamera matenda a shuga, matenda oopsa. Wodwala amauzidwa kuti kukhala ndi moyo yogwira ndi thupi, mpweya wabwino, ndi kukana makhalidwe oipa. M'pofunika kuchepetsa mafuta ndi shuga magazi. Muyenera kubwereza mindandanda yazakudya awo. Mafuta chakudya ndi maswiti wolowa m'malo mwa dzinthu, saladi kuwala, masamba ndi zipatso.