Kodi mitsinje za Atlantic beseni mu Russia? Mitsinje ya Atlantic Ocean: mndandanda

Kuti tiyankhe funso zimene mitsinje a ku chigwa cha nyanja ya Atlantic, mukhoza kulemba chiwerengero chachikulu cha mitsinje ya Europe, Russia ndi North America. Koma chifukwa ndi mndandanda waukulu, tikuona madzi mitsinje likuyenderera mu dziko lathu.

Mtsinje beseni ya Atlantic Ocean mu Russia, nawonso, ndi lalikulu kwambiri, iwo ali oposa 3 khumi. Ambiri ali yaing'ono buku kuda, ndi mwa madzi akuluakulu akhoza kutchulidwa monga Kuban, Don ndi Neva. Komanso mu M'nkhaniyi tiona kufotokoza chimene mitsinje za Atlantic beseni yaikulu kwambiri ku Russia, ndipo adzakupatsani nkhani.

Mighty mtsinje Don

Ngati inu mukuyang'ana pa mapu a Europe ndi ku Asia, n'zosavuta kuyankha funso limene limafotokoza kwa mtsinje chigwa cha nyanja ya Atlantic, ndipo nthawi yomweyo ndi waukulu pakati mpumulo.

Don zimachokera ku dera Tula, dera la kumpoto kwa chilengedwe chapakati Russian zomwe zili. Kwa nthawi yaitali funso lotseguka za chiyambi cha mtsinje wamphamvu ameneyu. Ena geographers ankakhulupirira kuti mtsinje zimachokera ku Nyanja Ivan, ena - mu Novomoskovsk posungira. Panopa ofufuza anazindikira kuti gwero la Don Mtsinje ndi Urvanka, moyenda pafupi Novomoskovsk.

The mtsinje mitanda dera la khumi zigawo Russian (Kursk, Belgorod, Orel, Tula, Ryazan, Tambov, Penza, Saratov, Volgograd, Makhachkala, Voronezh ndi Rostov zigawo) komanso atatu Chiyukireniya (Kharkov, Donetsk, Lugansk dera).

makhalidwe General

Mtsinjewo za 1.870 Km, ndi malo beseni - 420.000 makilomita lalikulu. Don mitanda ya steppe ndi steppe nkhalango mabacteria ndi chikhalidwe kumene ake pafupifupi onse pamodzi - yapang'onopang'ono ndiponso dala, kwambiri tortuous.

waterway Izi umayenda za 5.200 mitsinje yaing'ono, komanso nambala yaikulu mitsinje. Pakati makhwawa akuluakulu angatchedwe ndi mitsinje monga Atlantic beseni wa Seversky Donets, Voronezh, Bata ndi Quick Pines, Manych, Aksay, Nepryadva, Nyamuliranani, Black Kalitva, Wokongola Lupanga Bityug, Chir, Ilovlya, Osered, Sal ndi ena.

Don imaphwera m'nyanja ya Azov m'dera la Gulf wa Taganrog. Nyanja ya Azov nawonso, mwa nyanja Black ndi Mediterranean, mwa Straits, amalowa Atlantic Ocean.

Banki bwino Don apangidwe, mu chochuluka, miyala ndi madipoziti chalky phompho ndi kwakukulu. Kumanzere banki, mosiyana ndi zimenezi, mosabisa ndi chikhalidwe mosabisa. Chakumbali ya beseni ali ambiri nyanja ndi madambo. Katawala makamaka mitundu wosanganiza kapena softwood. M'dera la steppe - udzu dambo.

m'madera mtsinje

Don ogaŵikana m'madera zitatu zikuluzikulu - chapamwamba, Middle ndi wotsika. Kumtunda chochokera gwero pakamwa Matama Pine. Pa nthawi imeneyi pali mofulumira kwambiri pa mathithi anakumana ndi whirlpools. mozama ka mtsinje - mpaka 1.5 m, koma pali malo zakuya. Mbali iyi ya kugwa mu Don makhwawa atatu aakulu bwino (Pine, Chokongola Lupanga Nepryadva) ndipo kumanzere chimodzi (Voronezh).

The gawo pakati pa Don akupitiriza mpaka Tsimlyanskoe posungira. Apa, kwa pang'onopang'ono, kuya pafupifupi pafupifupi 1.5 m. Mu madzi akuya kwambiri ndi 15 m. Mu chigawo ichi amagwa makhwawa kuwiri bwino (Black Kalitva ndi Bogucharka) ndi anayi kumanzere (Bityug, Nyamuliranani, Hopper, Ilovlya ). Komanso ndi vosmidesyatikilometrovy Volga-Don Ngalande, yolumikiza awiri akuluakulu Russian mitsinje.

The mmunsi mwa Don zakuya. Kuya kwa whirlpools kuno ukufika 17 m. Pambuyo mzinda wa Rostov pa-Don ankadziwana mtsinje akuyamba. Mu nkhani imeneyi, lagawidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa ducts. Yaikulu ya iwo - ndi Seversky Donets (kumanja), ndipo Sal, Manych (kumanzere mbali). Pomwepo Don imaphwera m'nyanja ya Azov.

Madzi boma, nsomba zinyama

mtsinje makamaka kudyetsedwa ndi chipale chofewa. Chipale chopereka ndi za makumi asanu peresenti ndi ena ukufanizidwa ndi madzi nthaka ndi mvula. mtsinje ali ndi ayezi kuyambira chiyambi cha December kwa March / chiyambi cha April. Mu yotsala ya chaka, pakati ndi kutsikira Don yodutsira (kutalika okwana gawo yodutsira ndi za 1.6 zikwi. Km).

Ichthyofauna Don ndi kwakukulu kwambiri. mitundu kuno, ambiri ndithu zimapezeka monga bream, rudd, carp, roach, carp, yowawitsa, nsomba, sabrefish, Pike njoka yam'madzi, nsomba, mlamba, Ide neri Al. Pa spawning maulendo mtsinje Nsombazi, pamene pomanga mosungiramo Tsimlyanskoe anakomana ngakhale beluga. Industrial nsomba akusowa, ndi nsomba wakhala makamaka anthu wamba.

Kuban

Kuban Mtsinje anabadwa pa confluence awiri losinthasinthali phiri mitsinje - Uskulan ndi Ullukan. imachokera ake anadyetsedwa oundana mwa phiri la Elbrus. La utali wonse wa Kuban ndi za 0,87 zikwi. Km, komanso amalowa m'Nyanja ya Azov.

Mtsinje chimasintha chikhalidwe cha ku malire chapamwamba kwa malire a m'munsi. Pa pamwamba pa Kuban - wa mphiri mtsinje, ndi misampha yonse - m'zigwa miyala, phompho, otsetsereka zina phompho, m'zigwa zakuya, mathithi ndi chipwirikiti.

Pambuyo mzinda wa Cherkessk chikhalidwe cha kusintha kwake, chigwa imakulitsa, ndi otaya umakhala bata ndi anayeza. Otsetsereka kukhala wofatsa kwambiri m'chilengedwe. Mu gawo pakati ndi kutsikira kwa Kuban njanji ndi twisty kwambiri. Mu chigwa cha mtsinje zambiri akazi achikulire. Yaikulu ya iwo - Nyanja Old Kuban.

makilomita zana kuchokera confluence ndi Nyanja Azov, mtsinje wogawanika, kupanga zitatu zikuluzikulu payipi - ritsa, Cossack ndi Erik Petrushin wamanja.

Madzi Kuban mode

M'chaka cha chigumula mtsinje akukumana 7-8, kwambiri wochuluka amene ali kasupe ndi chilimwe, ndi chilimwe chigumula ndi wamphamvu kuposa masika. Ichi ndi chifukwa limatsogolera nyengo ya chisanu ndi mitsinje ya Caucasus.

Mtsinje otaya ndi zokhudza 12-13 makilomita kiyubiki madzi pa chaka, pamene, chifukwa wambirimbiri zolimba inaimitsidwa, mtsinje akutsikira m'nyanja ya Azov, za 4 miliyoni matani matope pa chaka.

Ice chivundikirocho ndi osakhazikika mtsinje. Mu nthawi zikutanthauza mtsinje ayezi chivundikiro ali ku mwezi umodzi kapena atatu pachaka, koma amaundana mu zaka ofunda.

No ayezi ❖ kuyanika, chifukwa otaya mathamangidwe mkulu mu kumtunda kwa mtsinje.

Chakudya Kuban wapangidwa mvula, ayezi ndi pansi magwero. mtsinje dongosolo lawo tichipeza 14 zikwi mitsinje, ku mbali yaikulu iwo anasiya makhwawa banki. Awa, ndi kutchula waukulu lonena ndiye mitsinje za Atlantic beseni mu Russia, kugwa mu Kuban ofunika: Big ndi Small Zelenchuk, District Federal, Laba, Urup, Pshish, White, FC Afips Afipsky, Psekups (kumanzere banki), Mara , Dzheguta, Zowawa (kumanja banki).

Neva

Ngati inu mukuyang'ana pa mapu North European la Russia, n'kosavuta kudziwa pyache kwa mtsinje chigwa cha nyanja ya Atlantic ndipo nthawi yomweyo yaifupi. Neva umayenda mwa awiri a Federation ndi Russian - kupyola mu mzinda wa St. Petersburg ndi Leningrad dera. Ndizoonekeratu ku Ladoga Nyanja ndi imaphwera m'Nyanja Baltic (Gulf wa Finland, ndi Neva Bay).

Ndi yochepa kutalika (74. km) mtsinje wa catchment dera 28 zikwi sq Makilomita., Chifukwa chokhacho loyenda ku Nyanja Ladoga. Kugwa okwana 5.1 m.

Beseni ndi zovuta hydrological network ndi nyanja ambiri ndi madamu. Okwana Neva catchment m'dera zikuphatikizapo pa 48 zikwi mitsinje ndi pa 26 zikwi nyanja. Choncho makhwawa 26 utuluke mwachindunji mu mtsinje.

Iyi ndi Atlantic beseni, waukulu umene ali kumanzere banki a Chipangano Chakale ndi Chatsopano Ladoga njira, Mga, Izhora, Tosna, Slavyanka, ndipo kumanja - mtsinje Black ndi Ohta. ankadziwana agawidwa ducts zingapo zolumikizana ngalande.

Ndi kutalika 74 Km, Neva kumaliseche wa makilomita kiyubiki 78,9 pa chaka, amene anayambitsanso mu mitsinje pamwamba khumi mu Europe. M'lifupi avareji 400-600 mamita ndi avareji kuya - mamita 8-11.

Mitsinje ya Atlantic beseni (mndandanda)

Tsopano lembani mitsinje yonse m'gulu la nyanja ya Atlantic beseni:

1. Don ndi makhwawa a Seversky Donets, Voronezh, Bata ndi Quick Pines, Manych, Aksay, Nepryadva, Nyamuliranani, Black Kalitva, Wokongola Lupanga Bityug, Chir, Ilovlya, Osered, Sal.
2. Kuban ndi makhwawa: Big ndi Small Zelenchuk, District Federal, Laba, Urup, Pshish, White, FC Afips Afipsky, Psekups (kumanzere banki), Mara, Dzheguta, Zowawa (kumanja banki).
3. Neva ndi makhwawa: Chakale ndi Chatsopano Ladoga njira, Mga, Izhora, Tosna, Slavyanka ndi ufulu wakuda ndi Ohta.

Kunena zimene mitsinje za Atlantic beseni ambiri akhoza ankanena kuti onse a iwo zoyendetsedwa makamaka ndi chipale chofewa. Pakuti bata awo, ndipo makamaka iwo ali olemera kwambiri. Ngakhale dziko lathu ali, ndi njira, si yaikulu, komanso mu Europe ndi ku Asia. Kwambiri utumiki wa madzi ndi Arctic Ocean Mtsinje.

Tsopano, mwachiyembekezo, sudzakhala wovuta kuyankha funso zimene mitsinje za Atlantic beseni mu Russia.