Crested zimachitikira: photos, chidwi mfundo

Crested zimachitikira anali woyamba kutchulidwa kusindikiza ndi Swiss zachilengedwe K. Gesner mu 1553. Iye ananena kuti "madzi buluzi." Mawu oyamba "zimachitikira" amatanthauza salamanders mtundu ntchito Laurenti I. - Austria zachilengedwe (1768).

mbali kunja

Dzina la zimachitikira crested analandira lokwera mkulu, yomwe ili pa nsana wamwamuna. Ku dziwe zimachitikira kumasiyana kukula (ndi yokulirapo) ndipo, ndithudi, mkulu, losongoka Crest. Mothandizana ndi mitundu yowala ziwalo kupanga nyama imodzi mwa anthu okongola kwambiri m'chere zokhala m'malo owetera.

The pazipita okwana kutalika kwa 153 mamilimita abuluzi (kuphatikizapo kutalika kwa thupi pang'ono kuposa 80 mm). M'mayiko ena ku Ulaya pali anthu mpaka 200 mm. Yaikulu olembedwa kulemera - 14,3 magalamu.

Crested zimachitikira, zomwe zithunzi zambiri kukometsera chimakwirira magazini kwa hobbyists, ali ndi yotakata ndipo flattened mutu, chachikulu torso. mano Palatine pafupifupi awiri mizere yomweyi.

Pa kumbuyo kwa khungu coarse, pa pamimba - yosalala. Mu nyengo mating yamphongo imodzi zisa, mkulu, recessed zikuchepa wosiyana mchira. Mchira mwina pang'ono wamfupi koma zambiri wolingana ndi kutalika kwa thupi. Pa Crest wa barbs mchira ali kwina. Pamimba ndi akuda mtundu lalanje kapena lalanje-chikasu ndi mawanga akuda. Pakhosi wakuda pa m'mbali mwa kamwa ndi lalanje-chikasu pa maziko a.

mtundu

Pakhosi ndi m'mbali mwa torso mosavuta waona zambiri woyera madontho ang'onoang'ono. Amuna, pakati pa mchira ndi mbali kuonekera ngale woongoka buluu yotakata gulu. Zikuyamba ndi m'munsi mwa mchira, chomwe chimayimira mzere amaona ndipo akumaliza yowala, ndi malire osiyana pa nsonga ya.

akazi alibe Crest kumbuyo ndi felemu buluu mbali mchira si amaonekera kapena palibe kwathunthu. Pamodzi pakati kumbuyo ndi zina yopapatiza pabuka kapena mzere chikasu. maso amakhala golide-lalanje ndi wakuda mwana. Mosavuta chikasu kapena lalanje.

makope Munthu wakhala crested zimachitikira?

Funso limeneli ndi lofunika kwa aquarists ambiri woyamba. Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane kwambiri. Mitsempha ya magazi a buluzi chikatseka, atatu chambered mtima. Magazi ali osokonezeka mu ventricle (a kuchotserapo yekha ndi lungless salamander, amene ziwiri chambered mtima). Kutentha thupi la nyama zimadalira yozungulira kutentha kapena madzi.

Triton ali makamaka makope chisa. Makope chachiwiri kugwirizana ndi luso anapeza ya kupuma m'mapapo mwanga. The mtima ali atria awiri (m'magazi venous zimagwiritsa wosanganiza mu kumanzere - wolumikizira) ventricle wina, makoma amene mawonekedwe pleats zomwe kuteteza kusanganikirana magazi venous ndi wolumikizira. Kuyambira ventricle ndi infundibulum kukhala vavu helical.

M'mapapo mwanga - ndi yaing'ono bwalo. Imayamba ndi mitsempha khungu m'mapapo mwanga, omwe amanyamula magazi m'mapapo ndi khungu. Magazi bwino Unakhala mpweya wochokera ku mapapu pamodzi ndi wophatikizidwa mitsempha m'mapapo mwanga zomwe kanthu mu atrium (kumanzere).

bwalo lalikulu akuyamba ndi arcs wa msempha ndi carotid mitsempha, zomwe zili mu ziwalo ndipo zimakhala. The wophatikizidwa mitsempha kutsogolo ndi unpaired zapambuyo mtsempha magazi venous akulowa atrium bwino. Kutsogolo dzenje mtsempha ndi mwazi utuluke mpweya, motero, mwazi umene uli atrium lamanja, losanganikirana.

Mtundu wa chimbudzi crested zimachitikira

achule onse, ndi ngwazi ya nkhani kuphatikizapo chakudya kokha Zingayambe yam'manja. Pansi pa oropharynx ndi chinenero. Nsagwada mano ili lomwe kutumikira nawobe m'zigawo.

Mu M'mimbamo oropharyngeal, pali ducts wa zopangitsa ndi malovu, chinsinsi cha zomwe ziribe michere m'mimba. Kenako chakudya akulowa kum'mero kwa m'mimba, ndiyeno mu duodenum ndi. Nawa ducts a kapamba ndi chiwindi. Chimbudzi akupezeka duodenum ndi m'mimba. The intestine ang'ono ndi rectum.

Moyo mu pompo-pompo

Crested zimachitikira, zomwe zithunzi mukuwona m'nkhani ino, amakhala ku nkhalango yaing'ono-Ndalankhula, deciduous ndi kusakaniza, pafupi ndi matupi madzi. Kunja nkhalango angakhale mu poyera, ndi yamawangamawanga ka meadows wokolopa, floodplains nyanja ndi mitsinje, zithaphwi. The chikhalidwe cha malowedwe buluzi pa malo urbanized angakhale aakulu zokwanira (osachepera 0.5 m) ndi unpolluted madzi Madamu loyenda pang'onopang'ono kapena madzi patsogolo.

Crested zimachitikira nocturnal pa dziko. Masana iye amapita ku madzi. Nthawi zambiri wakonda zapamtunda. Only m'chilimwe ndi yomalizira pa nyengo kuswana ndi madzi njira ya moyo. Masiku khumi alionse mu limatifotokozera madzi zimachitikira. Waponya khungu lawo amakhalabe kwathunthu bwinobwino, koma nthawizonse chikuchitika mkati mpaka kunja. Izi buluzi wokongola sakonda kuwala, dzuwa, sangalekerere kutentha bwino kwambiri. Triton akuyandama, kukanikiza yoteroyo wake m'mbali. Mulungu amagwiritsira ntchito ngati zowongolera a. Translational zoyenda amatipatsa mchira.

Overwintering ndi hibernation

Wintering crested zimachitikira watumidwa kumapeto kwa October kapena oyambirira November, pamene kutentha mpweya sapambana +6 ⁰ C zoti mu milu miyala, mbewu nsanza, anakweza bogs, mu zapansi za nyumba ming'alu m'nthaka, pa embankments sitima. Newt hibernates ndipo nokha ndi magulu, nthawi zina masango aakulu. Idzatulukira hibernation mu March ndi May.

Mu kasupe ndi oyambirira chilimwe angasankhe moyo mu nyanja nkhalango mchere, oxbows. Pambuyo kuswana (mu midsummer) akupitiriza dziko, pamene wapeza lonyowa ndi pamthunzi malo.

Achangu pa pansi madzulo, mu madzi ndi yogwira masana. Amalola otsika kutentha - ndi makina pa kutentha pang'ono pamwamba 0 ° C. madzi yogwira pa kutentha kwa +5 kwa + 28 ° C.

Kusunga mu ukapolo, kudyetsa

Kwa Pet amenewa, muyenera kukhala terrarium a mtundu yopingasa. Nyama 1-2 ilo liyenera kukhala mphamvu osachepera malita 20.

Mu khola ayenera akhale okonzeka ndi Kutentha m'dera masana. Pa nsonga ya magetsi kutentha masana afike + 28 ° C, ambiri maziko kutentha mozungulira 16-20 ° C terrarium - usiku ndi 18-22 ° C - tsiku. Khola padziko madzi ayenera raft. Muli kukongola awa akhoza kukhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono.

Tanena kale kuti zinthu zachilengedwe, buluzi uyu amadya invertebrates m'madzi, penapake lalikulu kuposa adya kumveka dziwe wachibale. Ndipo zimene amadyetsa crested zimachitikira panyumba? The terrarium izo akudyetsedwa nthochi, ndi crickets zapanyumba, mealworms, mphemvu, molluscs, , nyongolotsi. Mu madzi mungapereke bloodworm, nkhono, Tubifex.

Pakati forages ayenera amakonda nkhono, kafadala madzi, mphutsi za tizilombo. Kazinji kene asadya tadpoles zimachitikira ndi mazira amphibian. Pa dziko mu zakudya Pet pazikhalanso slugs, , nyongolotsi ndi tizilombo zosiyanasiyana. Crested zimachitikira ali sankaona choncho akhoza kugwira nyama kuti amasambira naye pafupi kwambiri, ndipo Triton akhoza kumva mpweya wake.

mbali chidwi Triton

Izi ndi chidwi kwambiri Pet - crested zimachitikira. Zosangalatsa za abuluzi awa zambiri kufalitsa mabuku za nyama. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti Triton angathe kusintha mtundu wake, chameleon ngati, koma mlingo wochepa.

Ife tanena kale kuti newts kuwona woipa, kotero amagwira chakudya kwa iwo zovuta. Fast kuti akakole nyama iwo sangakhoze, kotero kawirikawiri amakhala ndi njala kuthengo.

Chidwi newts ndi mphamvu zodabwitsa buluzi otaika mbali ya matupi awo (kusinthidwa). Kumene, kwathunthu asakhalenso mu zimachitikira limakula kumbuyo. Zachilengedwe Spalanzani anakhala zatsopano wankhanza kwambiri pa nyama zimenezi. Iye anadula m'michira yawo, miyendo, maso mbambulusa, etc. Chifukwa cha mbali onsewa kwathunthu limzake. Nthawi zambiri zinachitika kangapo mu mzere. Blumenbach kamodzi kudula pafupifupi maso zimachitikira, kusiya 1/5 chokha cha izo. miyezi khumi kenako kuonetsetsa kuti zimachitikira ali ndi diso latsopano, komabe anali wosiyana ndi kukula yapita ang'onoang'ono. Miyendo ndi mchira zambiri anachira mu kukula mofanana otaika.