Chiyendayekha: chithunzi, kulemera. Anthu anyani?

Kodi nyani ndi waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse? Lero mtundu chiyendayekha wa banja la hominids, womwenso anthu. Mu nyani yaikulu yolemera kuti makilogalamu 270 ndipo kutalika mamita 2. Ndipo ngakhale maonekedwe ake zoopsa ali wamtima mwachilungamo mtendere.

M'nkhaniyi, Tikambirana nyani izi. amachita Kodi nyani m'chilengedwe? The aziphedwa?

Kupatukana anyani malo

Akatswiri anyani m'magulu 2 - nyani a Chipangano Chakale ndi Chatsopano wazolengedwa. Iwo makamaka amasiyana malo ndi makhalidwe ena thupi.

Choncho, gulu loyamba la anyani kuchepera mphuno, pamene lachiwiri ndi modziwika prehensile michira. Komanso, mtundu wa anyani wa World Old moyo mu Africa ndi Asia, ndi ku New World anyani - yekha ku South ndi America Central. Ku Ulaya, kum'mwera kwa Spain, ndi mitundu wamoyo wa anyani - Barbary.

Chiyendayekha: photos, ikulongosola

Chiyendayekha - ndi mtundu wa anyani, ndiwo waukulu mu gulu la anyani. Malongosoledwe choyamba cha nyama anapatsidwa mu 1847 ndi amishonale Thomas Sevidzhemiz la America.

Growth wamkulu amuna lingayambire pakukhala mamita 1,65 2. Koma, pali mawu wotchuka Soviet katswiri J. Akimushkin kuti kukula kwa mmodzi wa waukulu wamwamuna phiri nyani, amene anaphedwa ndi alenje m'zaka za m'ma 20, anali mamita 2,32.

Mapewa a m'lifupi mwamuna akhoza kufika mita imodzi. Kulemera chiyendayekha pafupifupi wamwamuna zimasiyanasiyana makilogalamu 130 mpaka 250 ndipo zambiri. akazi A ndi thupi za nthawi 2 zochepa.

chiyendayekha thupi, ali ndi mphamvu yaikulu, chachikulu, ndi minofu otukuka. Iwo ndi mapazi amphamvu ndi maburashi, ndi amphamvu. Odula wa iwo ali ndi mtundu mdima, ndi amuna achikulire pa nsana zimasiyanasiyana siliva gulu. Tikamazunzidwa fupa yotundumukira kunja kwa mpanda patsogolo chiŵerengero forelimb kutalika kwa m'litali kumbuyo kwa 6 mpaka 5.

Chiyendayekha - nyama amene angatsutsane ndi kuyenda pa miyendo yake yakumbuyo, koma makamaka iwo ukupita miyendo inayi. Anyani, monga anyani, zochokera kuyenda osati ziyangoyango za zala ndi m'dzanja la forelimbs, monga nyama zina zambiri, ndipo zala wopindidwa (kumbali kumbuyo). Chifukwa cha ichi iwo kuyenda mkati mwa dzanja labwinobwino khungu tcheru kwambiri. mutu lalikulu mphumi otsika ndi yotundumukira kunja kwa mpanda nsagwada ndi yaikulu kwambiri ndi mpukutu lalikulu la maso ali ndi nyani (onani chithunzi m'munsimu). Brain buku ndi pafupifupi 600 masentimita ^3, ndi tichipeza 48 DNA.

chakudya

Main chakudya anyani - masamba chakudya: udzu winawake, lunguzi, bedstraw, mphukira nsungwi zipatso pigeuma. Kuwonjezera waukulu chakudya - zipatso ndi mtedza. Animal chakudya (makamaka tizilombo) ndi mbali yaing'ono ya menyu.

Monga zowonjezera osiyanasiyana mchere amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu ina ya clays, ndi kupanda chakudya azilipira salt. anyaniwa ali wopanda madzi, monga zobiriwira lili okwanira kuchuluka kwa chinyezi. Pewani matupi a madzi, ndipo iwo samakonda mvula.

Anthu anyani?

Anyani mu chikhalidwe cha moyo makamaka m'chigawo chapakati ndi kumadzulo Africa, mu nkhalango. Pali anyani phiri, kumene kuli otsetsereka a Virunga (phiri la chiyambi chiphala), yokutidwa ndi nkhalango.

Ndipo iwo kugwira amakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono wopangidwa mwa nyama 5-30: mtsogoleri wa amuna ndi akazi angapo ndi ana.

khalidwe Features

• Mu malo kumene anyani moyo, kupanga gulu limene limalamulira mtsogoleri kumasulira dongosolo la tsiku: foraging, kusankha malo ogona ndi zina zotero.
• Moyo wa anyaniwa zimatha nthawi yaitali - mpaka zaka 50.
• Childs, akazi adzabereka Bakuman, amene amakhalabe ndi mayi mpaka kubadwa kwa mwana lotsatira.
• Chifukwa chodula mitengo, malo okhala nyama, chiwerengero cha anyani yafupika kwambiri. Komanso, ndi anthu opha nyama zambiri kusaka iwo. malo ochepa padziko lonse kumene anyani moyo.
• Anyani bwino analekerera mu ukapolo, kotero iwo Tingaone kumalo osungira ambiri a dziko.
• Anyani pa mndandanda wa nyama zoopsa mu dziko.
• Mtsogoleri kwa chiyanjo cha ulamuliro amatenga kuvina ndi zozizwitsa, ndilo kuopseza yekha. Ngakhale othamanga kwambiri ng'ombe kaŵirikaŵiri safuna pomenyana. Nthawi munthu, amene ali osowa, kuchepetsedwa ndi kulumidwa yaing'ono chiyendayekha.

mokwiya chiyendayekha

Childs, kukangana kumachitika pakati pa akazi mu mabanja chiyendayekha. Pamene gulu kuukira aliyense, chitetezo, amakonda kupereka amuna. Pamene mokwiya izi yafupika makamaka ku mphamvu zake ndi mwamantha: nyani, kuthamangira mdani, anaima pamaso pake ndi ukugunda pamtima.

Mafuko ena a mu Africa (kumene anyani moyo) manyazi kwambiri ankaona mabala pa kulumidwa wa anyani awa: zikunenedwa kuti munthu kuthawa ndipo iye - wamantha. Nthawi zambiri zinachitika kuti alenje ku Europe, powona iwo akuyenda nyani ndi kupha kuwombera ake kwa mfuti, anauza m'dziko lake nkhani zochititsa chidwi za nyama zoopsa ndiponso zoopsa.

M'zaka za m'ma 20, lingaliro ili la nyani ndi ambiri ndithu. Koma sitiyenera tanthauzo la mphamvu ya mtundu uwu wa nyani - chiyendayekha. Pali mfundo imene ngakhale anyalugwe amayesetsa kupewa kukangana nawo.

Pomaliza, pa kubalana ndi ulemu kwa mbewu

Kodi anyani moyo, inu mukhoza kuwona chochitika chokhudza: yaikazi-mayi akusamalira Bakuman ake. Iye amasewera udindo wa mayi achikondi. Yaimuna ndi mtima ndi bambo bata.

Kwa miyezi 8.5 chomaliza cha anyani mimba. Atabadwa Bakuman, amene amalemera pafupifupi 2 makilogalamu, amayi amavala pa iye, kudyetsa ndi kuteteza. moyo wake amadalira kwambiri zokhudza mayi zaka pafupifupi zaka zitatu, kenako amakhala membala osadalira pa gulu.

pamsinkhu wobereka akazi limapezeka nthawi kuchokera zaka 10 mpaka 12, ndipo amuna okhwima mu zaka 11-13 (mu ukapolo kuti ndi mwamsanga). Female chibala 1 zaka 3-5.