Voronezh. Metro: nthano kapena chenicheni?

Si chinsinsi kuti yapansi ndi yotsika mtengo ndipo ina mwanjira yabwino kwambiri zoyendera m'tawuni anthu. Kuyambira kalekale anthu akhala mphekesera kuti asatenge udindo wa uthenga mukhoza kupeza Voronezh. Metro adzakhala kubwereketsa kwambiri kwa kumaliseche voteji mu galimoto. Koma mmene ayenera yapansi kumanga Voronezh, ndipo pa zimene siteji ndi mfundo imeneyi?

ntchito Background

Tiyeni tipeze yomweyo kuti wafunsira lingaliro kumanga okwerera sitima ku Voronezh.

Kwa nthawi yoyamba dongosolo kulenga ndi zoyendera mobisa mumzindamo takambirana mu masiku a USSR. Mu 80 ntchentche Mu zaka zapitazo, anthu mzinda chinakwana pafupifupi 900 zikwi M'dzikoli, zimene zinachititsa kuti katundu lalikulu kwambiri pa alipo maukonde zoyendera ndi imene sanathe kumvetsa kupirira.. Ichi chinali chifukwa cha nkhani za pomanga yapansi mu Voronezh. Komanso nkhaniyi inakula mwa chinthu china. "Sabuweyi" dongosolo kumanga ngakhale analenga.

Koma Soviet Union ndisungunuka mu 15 mayiko, chuma cha charo zikuchititsa nthawi yovuta, ndi ndalama zofunika zofuna mwamsanga. Kotero izo sizinali kwa polojekiti, kenako kuyiwala za izo konse. Kuchokera m'chaka cha 1998, dontho pang'onopang'ono anthu a mumzindawo. Chifukwa, izo zafika pa mlingo wa 850 zikwi. Man, kotero kuti pomanga yapansi sanali wofunika kwambiri.

The zifukwa chitsitsimutso cha lingaliro

Komabe, vuto la dziko cha mma 1990 - oyambirira 2000s chinapangitsa kuti zinthu zimene trolleybus zombo mu Voronezh anayamba kutha mofulumira. Malipiro operekedwa antchito kudzilimbitsa ndi kuchedwa yaitali, kuchepetsa ogwira ntchito, kudula magalimoto kwa zidutswa. Zimenezi zinachititsa kuti chakuti sitima zodutsa kuchokera Voronezh kwathunthu mbisoweka mu 2009. The dismantling a sitima yapamtunda akupitiriza nthawi ino, ngakhale ambiri a iwo akhala kuchotsedwa. Kwambiri yafupika ndipo paki trolleybus. Choncho, Voronezh ali ndithu kupambana chisoni - wakhala mu mzinda waukulu kwambiri ku Ulaya, kumene kulibe m'tawuni njanji polumikizira.

Popeza theka lachiwiri la khumi zoyambirira za zana lino, zinthu zinasintha. anthu a mumzindawo anayamba kukula ndi 2013 kuposa 1 miliyoni. Ngati ngakhale kale, mu 80s, dongosolo zoyendera si ndithu kupirira apamwamba utumiki galimotolo koma tsopano, ndi kutha kwa okwerera sitima ndi kuchepetsa paki trolley, ndipo ngakhale koposa choncho. Koma panthawi imeneyi chuma Russian anayamba kuchita kukula kwambiri, zomwe amanena Kugawilidwa kwanthaka ndalama zogulira ntchito m'tsogolo.

Choncho, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa anthu anabwerera ku vuto la mayendedwe, koma - ndipo izi ndi zofunika - pali mwayi ndalama kulikonza ilo. Anthu a mizinda ndi makonsolo kuti anayambiranso akulankhula za kumanga zotheka wa pamalo okwerera sitima.

Tram kapena yapansi?

Komabe, mu Voronezh tinayamba amange mfundo zingapo zina, amene anali kulimbikitsa njira ya vuto la mayendedwe mu mzinda.

Mungachite wotchuka kwambiri zimaperekedwa akatswiri osiyanasiyana, oimira maulamuliro, ndi okhala mzinda anali pomanga yapansi mu Voronezh ndipo atagona mayendedwe kwa njanji kuwala, kapena monga patchedwa kuwala okwerera sitima. Aliyense wa njira ziwiri pamwamba ubwino wake ndi kuipa.

zosavuta yapansi

Ganizo okwerera sitima kuwala kapena njanji kuwala, makamaka yogwira anayamba kuika patsogolo mu 2013 by Moscow kampani "MOSTGEOCENTER", zomwe zikusonyeza kuti aboma Voronezh polojekiti yanu.

Kwenikweni umenewu chagona mu kuika makilomita 89 njanji mkulu-liwiro sitima. Amene 74 Km ayenera kuti atenge malo padziko ndi mokulira, kubwereza njira ya ruts akale sitima, ndi 15 Km akuyenera kugona mobisa. Choncho, dzina lina la polojekiti - kuwala okwerera sitima, kapena Metrotram. Malinga ndi ntchito "MOSTGEOCENTER" pamwamba nthaka ayenera udzakhazikitsidwe okwerera 57, ndipo mu gawo mobisa - 6. Komanso, lonse yopepuka mzere udzagawika 4 omwetsera.

Mwa njira, maulalo mabasi ndi magalimoto wa mtundu uwu chilipo kale mizinda ina Russian - Volgograd. Pali Metrotram inamangidwa Soviet Union, mu 1984. Komanso, poyamba Soviet Union chotero ntchito zoyendera ukugwira ntchito Krivoy Rog (Ukraine).

Kodi inu kuchokera polojekitiyi Voronezh? Metro mtundu kuwala kwambiri tichepetse magalimoto zonyamula anthu kuchokera modes ena zoyendera makamaka ndi galimoto. Komanso, mobisa sitima, mosiyana ochiritsira, amasamukira pa mlingo wokwererapo - avareji 24-30 Km / h, ndi m'madera ena - mpaka 75 Km / h, pamene liwiro avareji mnzake ake pang'onopang'ono ukufika 15 okha -24 km / h.

chakale mobisa

Komabe, ambiri savomereza lingaliro la Voronezh Metrotram, monga pa nkhani ya kukhazikitsa kwa ntchitoyo, zonse kunachitika okwerera sitima nawonso kuiwala. Ndipo kuti tingachipeze powerenga "Sabuweyi" chifukwa megacities ndi yapamwamba kwambiri. Tangoganizani adzauka maganizo a mumzindawo, kumene alendo ndidzapempha iwo: "Kodi kokwerera okwerera sitima" Voronezh samafuna kuposa midzi ina Russian monga Nizhny Novgorod, Samara ndi Omsk, yomwe yakhala opareshoni mobisa.

Ganizo kungosiya Metrotram mokomera kumanga zonse kunachitika okwerera sitima mothandizidwa ndi mabungwe monga "Giprokommundortrans" ndi "Kinosarg". maganizo awo zochokera chakuti njanji ya anaikidwa pamodzi njira yakale osati n'zotheka. Ambiri mwa malo omwe osati kale anathamanga mayendedwe a sitima, tsopano amatero chifukwa kutambasuka kwa carriageway pa msewu anapangidwa kwa magalimoto. Ndipo m'madera ena kale anamanga nyumba.

Komanso kuchuluka liwiro 6-9 Km / h, mosiyana ndi sitima ochiritsira, omwe amapereka ntchito Metrotram ndi osakwanira kwa m'deralo monga Voronezh. Metro limakupatsani kusuntha mofulumira kwambiri.

Adani a lingaliro kumanga zonse kunachitika "yapansi" kudzudzulidwa polojekiti "Kinosarg", nadzinenera kuti iye anali populist. Pambuyo pomanga yapansi panthaka Pakufunika ndalama zoposa pa Metrotram. Ndipo ife tonse tikudziwa kuti m'mizinda yambiri chifukwa chosowa ndalama mu Russia ndi ntchito mazira atagona mobisa. Choncho, posankha njira iyi, izo n'zotheka opanda m'tawuni njanji zoyendera Voronezh. Metro mu nkhani iyi adzakhala unrealizable yosatha.

ndalama

Komabe, akuti kampani "Kinosarg", kumanga zonse kunachitika okwerera sitima ndalama mzindawo rubles biliyoni 79,3. Ndi zodabwitsa, koma ndalama zimenezi ngakhale zosakwana mtengo umene anayenera lobweretsa bajeti ngati "MOSTGEOCENTER" akanati anatengedwa ndi bungwe. Metrotram pafupifupi rubles biliyoni 89,0. Koma akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira kuti mlingo wa ndalama za polojekiti "Kinosarg" wochepa kwambiri, ndipo pomanga yapansi panthaka ndalama ndalama wokulirapo wa ndalama.

Kodi njira amasankha Voronezh? Metro sitima kapena mobisa? Chitsimikizo cha chilimbikitso chotilonjeza aliyense wa mabungwe mukukhulupirira kuposa utsogoleri mzindawo?

okwerera sitima mapu

Zikuoneka kumayambiriro kwa 2013 woyamba yapansi map Voronezh. Kenaka chimodzi mwa malo kunachitidwa kusonkhanitsa anasaina mokomera maganizo mobisa ndi kusiyidwa ntchito yomanga Metrotram. Komabe, kenako wolemba chiwembu anavomereza kuti sadziwa yokwanira kuti pulani umboni ofotokoza. Kotero kuti ntchito yake, kani, yokonzedwa tcheru anthu okhalamo vuto, osati chuma cha maganizo kumasulira imeneyi chiwembu yapansi kwenikweni.

Kenako, pa mapeto a January 2014, kampani "Kinosarg" ndi "MOSTGEOCENTER" anapereka meya Voronezh Aleksandru Gusevu mapulani ake mobisa ndi Metrotram.

Kodi adzamangidwa mu Voronezh?

Ndipo komabe, kuti adzamangira mu Voronezh - mobisa kapena Metrotram?

Zikuoneka kuti utsogoleri mzindawo umafuna malingaliro a "MOSTGEOCENTER" ie padded mzere yopepuka, okwerera sitima kapena kuwala. Izi m'Malemba chifukwa chakuti yomanga mtundu wa maukonde zoyendera nayikidwa mu dongosolo wamkulu wa chitukuko cha Voronezh kumbuyo mu 2008.

chakuti anakonza yomanga ndi sitima mobisa, meya anati mu February 2014 m'tsogolo. Kumene, pambuyo ya mbali ya ntchito njira ina, iye anamva kwambiri mawu uncomplimentary ku adiresi wake. Metro Voronezh, mwina kukhala ntchito nthano.

ziyembekezo

Nthawiyi, tisaiwale kuti ndalama wofunikila kukwaniritsidwa kwa aliyense mwa ntchito awiri mu moyo wa bajeti tchalitchi si, kotero utsogoleli mzinda akufunafuna ndalama payekha. Mmene msanga izo nawapeza iwo, ndipo kaya kudzadalira ziyembekezo zenizeni ndi nthawi yomanga.

Ndipo ngakhale pa nthawi zenizeni za maonekedwe zoyendera njanji mu mzinda aphimbidwa ndi chifunga, tikhoza kunena kuti kutsogoloku kudziŵa ngati pali siteshoni okwerera sitima ku Voronezh, yankho la wofunsayu ndi Mau n'kutheka: "Metro sakutero. Pali Metrotram ".