Khitrovka mu Moscow - malo owopsa

Chiwonongeko nthawi zonse amakhala mayi wa chilengedwe. chitsanzo anali Khitrovka mu Moscow. Pa nthawi imeneyi, anthu ankakhala mwamtendere, mpaka munagwa. M'dera lathu ndiponso anamanganso amayenera kukhala ngati kugula likulu, koma inasanduka malo a pansi chikhalidwe.

Akuluakulu mzinda wa nthawi zosiyana za nthawi zasintha m'dera Kamangidwe, modifies kapena nyumba anagwetsa, koma dzina akadali amachititsa anthu maganizo losanganikirana. Pa dzanja limodzi, ndi chinthu chokhala ndi msika, anafotokoza koyambirira kwa buku la "The Story of wakupha" Suskind, pa zina - malo okongola.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

Palibe sanaganizire n'komwe kuti Khitrovka mu Moscow udzakhalapo. Ngati sikudali chachisoni mwangozi, ndiye, amene amadziwa, mwinamwake, masiku ano delaro lizatha kukhala ngati kugona malo a mzinda.

Pamene Moscow ndinkakhala nalo moto wa 1812 anawononga nyumba zambiri. Kuphatikizapo nyumba zopsereza ndi ambiri. Choncho momwe kusunga ndalama chuma kapena imitations a mabanki anali sanaulandire, ndalama padera mu zodzikongoletsera, malo, kapena kungoti kusungidwa kunyumba. Pambuyo mzindawo unawotchedwa, ndipo ambiri ataya nyumba ndi umoyo. Nazonso, ndi anthu a nyumba ziwiri pakati pa White City wa Moscow.

eni sakanatha kuchira pa awo kunyumba, ndi misonkho iwo anali akadali kulipira. Anaganiza kukoka nyundo zigawo izi. Ndinagula N. awo Z. Hitrovo kumanga malo ndi kuupereka kwa mzinda.

Mfundo imeneyi zalembedwa mu makalata Nicholas Zakharovich ndi ndiye kazembe. Chifukwa cha kuwolowa manja kwa m'tauni Moscow analandira malo wokongola wotchedwa Khitrovka.

Square dongosolo ndi oyandikana ake

Pa dongosolo mbuye limasonyeza lalikulu, mbali imodzi wazunguliridwa ndi nyumba, ndi ena - mitengo, yomwe anapatsidwa kukongola. The anayi "nthiti" mayina ankalemekeza a kadinala.

South okha pa kugula Arcade ndi farmsteads zogona. Pamene Khitrovo anafa, nyumbayi ankadutsa eni latsopano, koma anapulumuka masiku ano, ngakhale pang'ono kusinthidwa.

Khitrovka dongosolo sanali kukumana ake "kholo." Pambuyo pa imfa ya General chinawonjezeka chiwerengero cha m'sitolo, popeza kumangidwa paki. The mtawuni malo zimapangitsa msika uli wotchuka kwambiri, ndipo anayamba kubwera kuno ogula zambiri ndi amalonda.

Khitrovka m'zaka 19 (theka lachiwiri) kuyamba gawo latsopano mu chitukuko.

nthawi yoopsa

Mu zoyambirira za m'ma XIX inatha mzere wina kugula pa "kum'mawa" mbali. Ntchito yomanga malo paki anali woyamba kulephereka kenako palimodzi ananyalanyaza pambuyo yomanga "kumpoto" ndi "kumadzulo" mbali. Ena mwa zipindazo akhala anasunga masiku ano Komabe, pang'ono kusinthidwa, mkati ndi kunja.

Khitrovka kupeza malonda ndi zambiri chaka chilichonse.

Choyamba, patsogolo maholide mpingo ndi nthawi ya zikondwerero kunja ogulitsa ndi thireyi kunyamula, ndipo anayamba kutenga malo a lendi mpaka kalekale.

Helo anayamba pamene alili anamanga anakhetsa. Pano pali msika ntchito, ndiponso kufufuza ntchito ayamba converge pano lova wothawa wamba ku kulizungulira. Ambiri akhalabe. Kwa zaka zingapo Khitrovka inasanduka pothawirapo osauka ndi akumwa. Mwachidule, ngati anthu akufuna mu Moscow, malo pansi chikhalidwe, ndiye ili pano.

Kuwonjezera akumane chimadalira unakhazikitsidwa kumeneko ngakhale kugwa wathunthu wa zomangamanga aliyense. Chosowa kuyatsa, kuba ndi kuba bwino m'deralo. Am'deralo kuti magetsi safuna iwo, chifukwa wawo nthawi zonse kupeza njira, ndi wina ndi kuyesa ndiribe kanthu.

Ndiye Khitrovka - malo owopsa mu Moscow wa XIX atumwi.

Nthawi Soviet

Mu 1929 malo awa inamangidwa nyumbayi, amene kwambiri kudziwika monga "Iron", ndi ili msika wazakudya zophika. The nyumba, anthu ambiri moyo, kuphatikizapo odziwika bwino, mwachitsanzo, wosewera Yevgeny Morgunov.

Mu 20s wa Khitrovka anataya lalikulu ndi mitundu kawirikawiri ndi zamtengo wapatali za mitengo. Zomera akale anali popula atatu okha.

Cha m'ma 30 anayamba kumanga ankakonda am'deralo "ndi ziboliboli za m'nyumba." Pa nthawi yomweyo, sukuluyo monga m'malo mwa CHAKUBADWA Akatolika inamangidwa.

Anataya Khitrovka, kamodzi oopsa kwambiri, ndi m'dzina lake. Iwo anadzatchedwa Gorky. Izi malo dzina chinakhalapo mpaka 60-ntchentche za m'ma XX. maonekedwe ake ali womangidwa kwa nawo sewerolo "wotsika kuya", chifukwa iwo amakhulupirira kuti limakhulupirira Gorky kuno kudzoza ndi kuphunzira mbali ya moyo wa anthu akusowa. Koma mfundo imeneyi si zalembedwa.

kukhazikitsanso

lingaliro kuti abwezeretse maonekedwe a masiku lalikulu kumbuyo kwa 1996. Komatu mu 2008 pa ntchito kukonzanso ankaona. m'deralo amanena polojekiti, chimene, m'malo Electromechanical College anali kukhala Mipikisano storey nyumba, anaikira maofesi. Kuwonjezera nyumbayo anakonza kumanga lalikulu oyimitsira malo mazana asanu. Komabe, unachititsa chakukhosi mwa m'deralo ndi olemba mbiri a. Iwo wanyamula oposa 10,000 anasaina ndi cholowa mbiri anakwanitsa kuteteza.

Posachedwapa, boma wapereka Khitrovka kuteteza udindo.

zowoneka

Khitrovka, malo oopsa m'zaka otsiriza, ayambirenso chifaniziro chake kale yowala. Nthawi zambiri kuno kuyenda ndi kuyang'ana pa malo lodziwika bwino. Film mafani ndi Morgunov, amene nthawi anatuluka mu bwalo kusewera mpira kapena kudikira kuti wina.

A mtengo osiyana ndi nyumba kamangidwe, pakati pawo - anasunga nyumba Khitrovo opindulitsa munda Bunin.

Oimba ulemu malo monga malo wolemba kwambiri Aleksandra Skryabina. Ligwiritse nyumbayi anakhazikitsidwa mu XVII m'ma - nyumba Yaroshenko, amene panthawi zosiyanasiyana wokwatibwa ndi akuluakulu a udindo wapamwamba.

Pakati philologists wotchuka zolembalemba okonzera ili mmodzi wa nyumba, amene anasonkhana olemba otchuka ndi ndakatulo. Apa anakhalaponso L. Kashin, amene anakhala zinachitika Anny Sneginoy. Iye ndi Sergeem Eseninym anali mabwenzi apamtima, ndi ndakatulo zambiri ankabwera kudzacheza.

nthano Square

Rumor ali kuti Khitrovka, woopsa kamodzi amakopeka ndi lodziwika bwino speculator - Sonka Golden Cholembera. N'kumene anapeza anzanu, akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito maluso awo ndi kuphunzira atsopano. Malinga ndi nthano, mu imodzi ya nyumba za iye mpfuma, wopangidwa mwa ngale kubedwa, koma kupeza izo palibe amene mpaka pano. Fans wa ndalama kapena anapita misala, kapena afa momvetsa mwachinsinsi.

Ndipo misewu ya mizukwa ananena amayendayenda. Iwo anaonekera pamene mbala anayesera adzilemeretse likuvutika Nikolaya Chudotvortsa Temple. Chiwembucho aganiza kuti njira yotulukira, ndipo pamene iwo anali kale pansi opatulika, kwakhala osati wolingalira ndipo anaponyera pansi pa iwo. Kuyambira pamenepo, miyoyo yawo amayendayenda m'misewu ndi mantha odutsa kufunsa munthu wina tchimo otmolit.

Baibulo lina limanena kuti wamalonda chitapsya m'maloto anawona Nikolaya Chudotvortsa, amene anamulamula kuti kuba ndi kugulitsa mkanjo fano kuti ndalama kuti kutsegulanso choncho. Munthuyo anamvetsera kwa iye, ndi chobvala mu nthawi anaonekera mu malo omwewo.

Square zamakono

Khitrovka - dera lapadera la mzinda, osati chifukwa iye anali okhoza kupulumutsa nyumba mbiri. Amenewa ndiwo malo okha mu mzinda wa Moscow, kumene akukhala malo pa dongosolo la kuposa maofesi ndi malo zosangalatsa. Anthu a m'dera anapambana kamodzi, ndipo tsopano okonzeka kuteteza m'gawo lake pochita zinthu ndi kutukula.

Nthawi zambiri, anthu a m'dera penyani kuwombera mafilimu m'mbiri yakale Khitrovka, amene wakhala kunyada kwa Moscow.