Hideki Tojo: yonena ndi chithunzi

Hideki Tojo ndi imodzi mwa ziwerengero kwambiri kusiyana maganizo pa mbiri ya Japan. Anali munthu uyu kwambiri monga udindo zochita za asilikali a Japan pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World. Iye chimatengedwa ngati ndi kuweruza mayiko monga nkhondo chigawenga, komabe chopereka Japanese muyezo ambiri onyenga. Choncho amene anali Todzio Hideki?

zaka zoyambirira

Hideki Tojo anabadwa mu December 1884 kakang'ono Japanese tawuni Kodzimati pafupi Tokyo. atate wake, Hidenori Tojo, anali msilikali wamkulu wa asilikali a mfumu. Asanabadwe Hideki banja kale ndi ana awiri, koma iwo anafa ali aang'ono asanabadwe mtsogoleri tsogolo la Japan.

Popeza limatchula imene bambo ake, tsogolo Hideki Tojo anali zosachita mapeto. Iye anatumidwa kuphunzira pa Asilikali Academy, amene anamaliza mu zaka 19. Tikumbukenso kuti nzeru Hideki chiyani kuwala, ndi zotsatira 42-TH mu gulu la makumi asanu ndi anzawo. Komabe, pambuyo maphunziro, analandira udindo wa mkulu yachiwiri oyenda.

Mu 1909, ukwati chinachitika ndi Tojo Katsuk Ito.

ntchito ya usilikali

Koma kunali kofunika kupitiriza maphunziro awo kwa yapamwamba Tojo. Mu 1915 iye maphunziro apamwamba a usilikali Academy. Atamaliza maphunziro ake, iye anapatsidwa udindo wa mkulu natenga lamulo la mmodzi wa regiments wa asilikali olondera mfumu. Iye nawo phukusi motsutsa Bolsheviks mu Russia.

Mu 1919, Hideki Tojo monga nthumwi lankhondo la Japan anapita ku Switzerland. Ndi ntchito mu dziko lino Alpine, iye analimbana bwino, amene anali kupereka udindo wa akuluakulu. Koma izi maulendo yachilendo ya nduna yaikulu m'tsogolo sanamalize. Mu 1921 anapita ku Germany.

Atabwerera kwawo nthawi kuphunzitsa koleji asilikali.

The udindo wotsatira wa msilikali wamkulu Tojo analandira mu 1929.

Pa maudindo pamwamba asilikali

Pa nthawi yomweyo, Tojo akuyamba kwambiri chidwi ndale. Iye analowa utumiki mu Dipatimenti nkhondo, ndipo kuyambira 1931, zimatengera pa lamulo la Regiment ya Japanese ku Manchuria. Kuti iye anali mmodzi wa initiators ya kulengedwa kwa zidole boma la Manchukuo mu dera la Province la China.

Mu 1933 iye analimbikitsa ku Mulingo wa Major General Hideki Tojo. Japan chabe mu nthawi kuti ayambe kukonzekera yolimbikira ndi mwamakani mfundo yachilendo kutembenukira lonse la kum'mwera ndi kum'mawa Asia mu chinthu chikoka. Ndiye Tojo anaikidwa mutu wa dipatimenti ogwira pa Utumiki wa chitetezo.

Kale mu 1934, analamula kuti brigade lonse. Chaka chotsatira, Tojo anaikidwa apolisi mkulu dziko Manchuria, ndi chaka anadzakhala kuwalamulira ndodo ya Kwantung Army.

Kuthandiza pa ntchito ya usilikali

Pa nthawi yomweyo, Japan anayamba kugwira ntchito tiponye Mongolia. Kuti Tojo anali kutsogolela za kayendesedwe iwo. Iye akukhudzidwa ndi chitukuko cha mapulani ndi nkhondoyo. Pa nkhani 1937 cha ubatizo wake wa nkhondo.

Mu chaka chomwecho, m'ziwawa kunabuka nkhondo ndi China. Tojo zinachititsa kuukira Hebei, amene anali bwinobwino.

Komabe, kale mu zoyambirira 1938, iye anakumbukira ku Japan, kumene anayamba ntchito ya ndodo, kutenga malo a kazembe mtumiki wa asilikali ndipo nthawi yomweyo kukhala ndi Woyang'anira wa ndege.

Nduna ya nkhondo

Mu 1940, zikumuyendera Syunroku kanyumba, anakhala Army Minister Hideki Tojo. Wambiri ndiye unasintha osiyana. Tsopano anayamba kulowa chiwerengero cha anthu amene amagwira loyang'aniridwa ndi Japan. Kuyambira pamenepo maganizo ake kwakukulukulu anakhala yozungulira mkati makamaka kunja ndale njira ya dziko.

Back mu 1936, Japan ndi Nazi Germany anamaliza Anti-Comintern ke - mgwirizano umalimbana polimbana la International Communist, yomwe kenako anagwirizana ndi maiko ena osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo Italy. Nduna ya nkhondo, Japan anali wothandiza wa patsogolo mgwirizano ndi Germany, makamaka dera lankhondo. Komabe, izi sizikutanthauza kuti Hideki Tojo ndi Hitler anali kukhulupirira zofanana pa ambiri mtheradi wa mafunso. Mu njira zambiri, maudindo awo kumasiyana, koma panthawi imeneyi malamulo awiri akhoza kuthandizana kukwaniritsa zolinga zawo. Mu 1940, mgwirizano wa asilikali Japan, Germany ndi Italy potsiriza anapanga pambuyo kusaina wa chapatatu ke mu Berlin. Choncho chipika olamulira unakhazikitsidwa.

Komabe, Hideki Tojo, mpaka posachedwapa akuyembekeza kulowa Union ndi la Soviet Union. Pamene Stalin momveka bwino kuti akufuna kuti mwina n'kulolera pangano la Germany, Japan ndi Italy mu mtundu umene ulipo woimirira wa Japan wapita ku Moscow. Ndithudi ayi udindo wotsiriza potumiza akazembe izi ankaimba ndi Hideki Tojo. Kazan, Gorky, Sverdlovsk ndi midzi ina ya Soviet Union anali pa njira yopita ku likulu la kazembe wa Soviet Union. M'chaka cha 1941 yosainidwa pangano amgwirizano pa sanali mokwiya. Kenako, mu 1945, iye anali analekanitsidwa ndi Soviet Union.

kulowa Japan ndi ku Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse

Malinga ndi chapatatu ke, Japan ankayenera kuti agwirizane kulimbana hegemony m'dera Asia-Pacific, amene basi anatanthauza kulowa mu nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse. The odana yaikulu ya Japanese anali United States of America.

Chifukwa cha wanzeru otukuka dongosolo komanso kudabwa Japanese mpweya kuukira m'munsi American pa Pearl Harbor, zambiri za bulu US anawonongedwa mu December 1941 mu Pacific.

Japan chifukwa yochepa nthawi anatha kukwaniritsa wathunthu nkhondo lalikulu Asia East ndi asilikali US anali amathera yambiri ya nthawi kuti achire.

Mutu wa boma

Ngakhale pamaso kulowa wa Japan mu nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse anataya kutchuka kwake ndi anthu ndi chidaliro cha mfumu, nduna ya Japan Fumimaro Konoe anakakamizika kusiya mu October 1941. malo ake wayitanidwa kutenga Hideki Tojo. Komabe, iye anakhalabe malo nduna ya nkhondo. Komanso, anakhala nduna ya Mkati.

Ngakhale Nduna ya Japan, ngakhale patsogolo kapena pambuyo analibe mphamvu ndi ulamuliro. Ichi chinali chifukwa tsogolo la nkhambakamwa kuti, iwo amati, Hideki Tojo - wankhanza. Koma kumvetsa bwino za mfundo za chithunzi cha wandale limeneli linachokera cholakwika. Iye kwenikweni anaikira mu manja ake kwambiri kuchuluka kwa mphamvu analungamitsidwa kwathunthu, chifukwa zinthu asilikali, koma Tojo sanakwere imodzi mwamuna ulamuliro, kodi saletsa mu ntchito ya mabungwe a mphamvu amene mwachindunji kuti simunandikhudze, sanasinthe kuti malamulo, monga kuyenera Hitler ndi Mussolini, ngakhale ngati n'koyenera, ndi zingathe.

Kumene, malamulo achisilikali unkayenera kukhwimitsa mwadzidzidzi kulamulira njira ndale mu dziko, anapatsa kuletsa ufulu ndi kumasulika kwa nzika zonse. Koma zinthu zimenezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu US ndi UK pa nthawi, osanenapo Germany kapena Soviet Union kumene zoletsa zafika ndi kuchuluka wosayerekezeka kwa Japan. Kumapeto kwa nkhondo Japan, panali pafupi zikwi ziwiri akayidi andale, pamene ku Soviet Union ndi Germany, zimakwana inali nthawi zana kwambiri.

yosiya

The kupambana kwa asilikali a ku Japan mu magawo oyambirira a nkhondo chinathandiza kukula mu kutchuka kwa Nduna ndi anthu kuti malire zosaneneka. Koma pambuyo pa kukonzedwanso kwa mphamvu ya Navy US kwa kulowezana kwa kupambana akutsatiridwa ndi mndandanda wa kulephera m'malo chidwi.

Nkhonyayo lalikulu kwa fano Tojo anali atagonjetsa asilikali Japanese Midway. Pambuyo pake, kutsutsa ndi adani munthu kwa Nduna ya kudzutsa mutu wake, ndipo anali kukula kusakhutira pakati pa anthu.

Mu July 1944, Japan anagonja wina ndi asilikali US mu nkhondo kwa chilumba Sailau ndiye Tojo anakakamizika kusiya.

Mlandu ndi kuphedwa

Koma mosanyinyirika kwa Nduna sakanakhoza wachibadidwe kusintha malo Japan pa kutsogolo. M'malo mwake, iwo okha kuvutika. Akadzagonjetsedwa Nazi Germany mu nkhondo Japan, Soviet Union kulowa, ngakhale kuti tinkalalikira kuphwanya mapangano amgwirizano anafikira mu 1941. Japanese potsiriza anaswa American mabomba nyukiliya wa Hiroshima ndi Nagasaki. September 2, 1945 Mfumu ya Japan lalembedwa ndi kugonja popanda chifukwa.

Ndi fanizo mayesero pa Nuremberg, panali khoti mayiko pa zigawenga Japanese nkhondo, kuphatikizapo Hideki Tojo ndipo zidalembedwa. Iye mlandu kuyambira nkhondo ndi mayiko, kuphwanya malamulo ndi nkhondo padziko lonse milandu. Nduna yaikulu kale anakakamizika kulakwa ake.

Mu November 1948, khotilo kuti aphedwe Hideki Tojo. kuphedwa unachitika mu December chaka chomwecho.

umunthu ziyenera

Padakali Hideki Tojo chikuoneka ndi anthu m'mayiko monga nkhondo chigawenga ndi Mlengi chachikulu cha nkhondo Asia. Japanese ambiri amachititsa kuti zochita zake, zimene zinachititsa kuti kugonjetsedwa asilikali ndi chiwonongeko cha chuma dziko.

Komabe, pali anthu amene amaganiza chiweruzo kwa Hideki Tojo kuponderezedwa. Iwo amanena kuti mu zochitika za Japan kukopedwa kunkhondowo anali chodabwitsa mosalephera, ndi Tojo anali chabe munthu zoyendetsera dziko nthawi yovuta ndi kuumirizidwa kuti malinga ndi mmene zinthu zilili. Malinga ndi anthu a milandu imene nkhondo imene analola asilikali Japanese, ogwira Tojo sanali nawo ndi sanapereke chilolezo iwo.

Mulimonse, chirichonse ntchito kwenikweni kwa Nduna mu zochitika pa zaka zonsezi, mu magome a mbiri Japanese muyaya lolembedwa dzina la Hideki Tojo. Photos of chithunzi chandale Tingaone pamwamba.