Chikhure: nthumwi causative za matenda akuluakulu komanso ana. Zizindikiro ndi mitundu ya angina

N'zokayikitsa kuti padzakhala anthu ambiri amene sanakhalepo ndi zilonda zapakhosi. Popewa izi, ena amaopa kudya ayisikilimu, osamwa zakumwa molunjika ku furiji, ndi iwo ndithudi usavutike. Koma ngati kuzizira zilonda zapakhosi zimagwera? The causative wothandizila matendawa, molondola ofufuza anapeza nkhope wambiri. Ndi "kuukira" pakhosi chifukwa cha zinthu angapo. Angina angayambe kukhala vuto la matenda ena aakulu, monga fuluwenza, izo angatiombole ife kuchokera kunja tizilomboto oopsa. Koma nthawi zambiri nthumwi causative a zilonda zapakhosi ndi mtundu wa tizilombo ting'onoting'ono kuti moyo mwa pakamwa pathu nthawi zonse ndipo musati zoipa. Kodi chiyenera mabakiteriya izi mwadzidzidzi amakalipa? tizilombo toyambitsa matenda Kodi ena chifukwa kutupa mu mmero? Motani chikhalidwe cha matenda? Kodi mungadzitetezere ndi okondedwa kwa iwo?

Zilonda zapakhosi, zilonda zapakhosi kapena pharyngitis?

Kodi ife kulingalira zilonda zapakhosi? Izi pakhosi wofiira, tickling, ululu pamene Pomeza, malungo, ulesi, kulakalaka kwambiri pogona. Ena kuitana uku boma la zilonda zapakhosi, angina ena. Mwachidule, ndi chinthu chomwecho. Mawu "zilonda zapakhosi" lachokera ku tonsillae Latin, amatanthauza 'amondi, kapena, mu tonsils dziko,. Awa ndi mapangidwe minofu lymphoid, amene amateteza ife ku tizilombo ting'onoting'ono zoopsa ndi thandizo kukhala chitetezo chokwanira. Mawu "angina" lachokera ku ango Latin, kutanthauza "Finyani, kutigwira."

Kutupa tonsils, imene pakhosi monga wothinikizidwa, ndipo ali zilonda zapakhosi kapena zilonda zapakhosi. Tizilomboto amasokoneza mkhalidwe weniweni umene tonsils zathu zikhoza kukhala:

• mavairasi;
• mabakiteriya,
• tizilombo bowa.

Likukhalira, zilonda zapakhosi si ayisikilimu kapena kumwa madzi ozizira. Nthawi yaitali ozizira apa, nawonso wosalakwa.

Pharyngitis amatchedwa kutupa kwa pharynx (chubu polumikiza mkamwa kholingo), monga Latin mmero zikumveka ngati pharynx. Koma mu gawo ake chapamwamba, thupi ili pakhosi ndi tonsils. Choncho, mmero mu mmero ndi m'phuno akhoza angaonere angina. kusiyana ndi kuti zilonda zapakhosi ndi kokha nthenda, ndi zilonda zapakhosi kungakhale si opatsirana, kuti chifukwa cha kukhudzana ndi poizoni fumes pakhosi, mpweya otentha, yemweyo ayisikilimu ndi hypothermia. Zizindikiro za izo ofanana ndi chimfine ndipo zikuphatikiza:

• zilonda zapakhosi;
• ululu pamene Pomeza;
• Nthawi zina malungo ndi chifuwa.

Opatsirana pharyngitis, iyenso ndiye, kuwonjezera, zingakhale vuto wa fuluwenza, fever ndi matenda ena. Zikatero, nthawi zambiri sazindikira msanga monga angina. The causative wothandizila matenda awiriwa ali yemweyo, zizindikiro pafupifupi ofanana. Mosiyana kuti madokotala ngakhale odziwa si nthawi zonse mungazindikire, mu angina kutupa isanafalikire mu tonsils lapansi. A pakhosi zilonda pamene iwo alibe omveka bwino redness pakhosi ngati amatayika tonsils kuchulukana pa maziko sakuzindikira aime.

mitundu ya angina

Ndi maudindo matenda anamvetsa. Tsopano tiyeni tione zimene mitundu akhoza kutenga zilonda zapakhosi kapena zilonda zapakhosi. The causative wothandizila pano chimachititsa kwambiri, koma osati yekha. Kuwonjezera pa mtundu wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, anayambitsa mu mmero, ndi kusiyanitsa mlingo wa kuwonongeka, chimene chiri chofunika kwambiri poika mankhwala. Kuchokera pa zimene takambiranazi, zilonda zapakhosi ndi:

• bluetongue;
• lacunar;
• follicular;
• abscess;
• fibrinous;
• nsungu;
• chinzonono;
• anam'peza filimu.

mavairasi tizilombo

nyumba izi moyo kuchulukitsa okha maselo a zamoyo, choncho nthawi zonse amayesetsa mkatikati. Pamene iwo anagunda ife mu dongosolo chitetezo pakamwa yomweyo anayamba kubala chitetezo kwa n'chongoletsa asilikali a adani. Ngati thanzi chabwino, ndi dongosolo amphamvu m'thupi, mavairasi sangathe kuletsa kapena inawonongedwa.

Ngati thupi liri lolefuka, ndi majeremusi tikuuzidwa mu maselo a tonsils wa - chotchinga athu othawiramo - ndi kuyamba mwachangu kubereka. Maselo kufa, tonsils kukhala chofuna, kuyambira tizilombo zilonda zapakhosi. The causative wothandizila matenda zingakhale HIV fuluwenza, Epstein-Bar, nsungu, Coxsackie, adenovirus, picornavirus, enterovirus. Zochita mtundu wa tizilomboto ndi kudziwa kawirikawiri kuwapatsa dzina lina onse - SARS. Nthawi zambiri akudwala tizilombo zilonda zapakhosi:

• ana;
• okalamba;
• akukonza matenda alionse, opaleshoni;
• amayi apakati;
• Odwala matenda alionse aakulu.

Ndiko chiopsezo gulu anthu ndi chitetezo ofooka. thupi lawo sangathe kukhala chitetezo ambiri, choncho ankhondowo mavairasi mosavuta kuzikwaniritsa maselo zogwirizana.

Peak tizilombo zilonda zapakhosi imagwera pa nyengo yozizira ndi nyengo yopuma, makamaka pachiyambi cha masika, pamene ife kudya zipatso zochepa ndi ndiwo zamasamba.

Kumbukirani: kwambiri opatsirana tizilombo zilonda zapakhosi. The causative wothandizila kwambiri chosakaza, kuti n'zosavuta kupatsira akuvutika kudzera sneezing, kukhosomola, kukambirana maganizo, kukupsopsonani. Komanso mavairasi akhoza kuthetsa pa nkhani zosiyanasiyana ndi kulowa m'kamwa (makamaka ana), pakalibe ukhondo.

Zizindikiro za tizilombo zilonda zapakhosi:

• zilonda zapakhosi;
• tonsil redness (nthawizina yochitidwa ❖ kuyanika alipo);
• kutentha;
• kutupa lymph mfundo pakhosi, submandibular m'deralo.

Nthawi zambiri pali zambiri zizindikiro zosonyeza matenda tizilombo:

• kuphwanya mpando;
• nseru;
• kutsokomola;
• conjunctivitis;
• chimfine mphuno.

Chithandizo ikuchitika ndi antivirals monga "Ergoferonom". Maantibayotiki contraindicated. Pa kutentha Kwalamulidwa Antipyretic "Aspirin", "Paracetamol". Wodwalayo zothandiza lambiri ofunda kumwa, gargle "chlorhexidine" njira furatsilina kapena decoction wa chamomile, calendula, njira ya soda. Chabwino thandizo compresses. ana awo angachite ndi madzi opanda ofunda akuluakulu ndi zofunika kuwonjezera madzi aliyense mowa (1: 1). Bedi zina - chofunika kuchira mwamsanga.

Tizilombo mabakiteriya, nthumwi causative wa strep zilonda zapakhosi

Munthu aliyense amakhala pafupifupi 4 makilogalamu mabakiteriya. Mwamwayi,% 1 okha a iwo tizilombo. Mwa otsala 99% ndi mwayi otchedwa yomwe kukhala tizilombo m'mikhalidwe, mwachitsanzo pamene tithe kumvetsa kumasulira chitetezo chokwanira. Mwa tizilomboto zoipa akhoza kuwonjezeredwa ku chilengedwe "akunja" mabakiteriya. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda angina mwa iwo:

• streptococci;
• staphylococci;
• spirochetes;
• diplococci;
• Bacillus Loffnera;
• gonococcus.

Ambiri majeremusi awa ndi omwe yaikulu gulu lawo. Oimira lililonse kupsyinjika amasiyana mzake osati maonekedwe komanso khalidwe. Ali ndi propensity kugonjetsa maselo bwino chimatanthauza secrete endo- zosiyanasiyana ndi exotoxins, motero, chifukwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kutupa ndi matenda. Choncho, kuwachitira maantibayotiki onse chomwecho sindingakhoze. Kuti zofunikira ndi mmene nkhondo mankhwala, madokotala akutenga smears a mafinya ndi ntchofu ku mmero ndi tonsils.

The causative wothandizila wa strep zilonda zapakhosi - ndi anaerobic, safuna mpweya, chikubwera, awiriawiri kapena unyolo. Gulu la Streptococci chidwi. Onse a iwo, malingana ndi momwe inu kuwononga maselo ofiira (hemolysis khalidwe), anawagawa m'magulu atatu - Alpha, beta ndi Popanga madzi a gamma. Alpha otchedwa viridans streptococci chifukwa iwo ali chosakwanira hemolysis, ndipo mu zone kulephera limapezeka Kamaoneka mtundu.

Popanga madzi a gamma streptococci sawononga maselo ofiira. Tsopano iwo amakhala mu gulu osiyana enterococci.

streptococci beta kwathunthu kuwononga maselo ofiira. Iwo agawidwa m'magulu A kuti U. Nthambi za gulu kapena mabakiteriya pyogenic amaonedwa osiyanasiyana. Iwo akhoza kulowa mkamwa mwa chilengedwe ndipo pomwepo hule matenda, ndipo akhoza kupulumutsa hassles yaitali. Koma munthu amene kuzilala chitetezo cha m'thupi, ndi streptococci anayamba ntchito zowononga kuchititsa zilonda zapakhosi, pharyngitis, matenda, fever, abscesses ndi ngakhale poizoni mantha.

The zilonda zapakhosi bakiteriya, tizilomboto Staphylococcus aureus

Mtundu wachiwiri wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda angathe osadziwika kukhala zoopsa kwambiri. Dzina amachokera ku mawu a Chigiriki "STAF" kutanthauza "mphesa" chifukwa staphylococci zonse anakonza m'magulu chokhala Magulu a mphesa. Nawonso, ndi kuliika ndipo popanda oxygen. Mu pakamwa pa zopezeka mpaka 40% ya tizilombo otsala. Bola ngati munthu ali ndi chitetezo chokwanira mkulu, ali wowona, koma anthu debilitated, tizilomboto izi mwakhama kwambiri. Athandizeni ndi tizilombo streptococci, staphylococci, nthawi zambiri ntchito pamodzi. awiri izi zimapezeka mu chopaka ku mmero ndi zilonda zapakhosi ndi matenda ena opatsirana. Staphylococcus aureus ndi:

• zagolidi;
• epidermal;
• saprophytic;
• haemolytic.

Iwo onse chifukwa purulent kutupa ndi kutulutsa poizoni angapo kuti angathe kuyambitsa imfa. Pakuti staphylococci wake chitetezo kubala mapuloteni yeniyeni, penicillinase kupha chitetezo ndi kupanga mankhwala ambiri opanda ntchito.

Moyo staphylococci, osati pakamwa komanso chilengedwe. Iwo ndi kukhazikika wosangalatsa. Mwachitsanzo, magawo youma sanaphedwe mafinya ndi sputum, iwo kukhala ndi mphamvu kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, 3 months mu fumbi, siumafa dzuwa, mu mufiriji, mu madzi otentha, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda yankho likhalebe processing. otentha yekha akhoza kuwapha yomweyo.

Mitundu ina ya mabakiteriya, ngakhale zochepa tizilombo, koma kuli wamba.

catarrhal angina

Mawu akuti "catarrhal" aumbike ku catarrhus, i.e. kuthamanga wolemera zakumwa. Tsopano mtundu wa kutupa mucosal zambiri amatchedwa SARS. zilonda zapakhosi causative wothandizila akuluakulu ndi ana ndipo kukhala tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Zimayambitsa isanayambike matenda:

• kutsegula tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pano pa kamwa;
• kuwukira kuchokera kunja (anakumana ndi odwala ndipo sanali kugwilizana ndi ukhondo).

zizindikiro:

• ndi kuwonongeka lakuthwa mu thanzi, kufooka thupi lonse;
• mutu;
• kutentha (odwala anasankhidwa kuti apitirize mkati 37,2-37,5 ° C, koma makamaka limatuluka pamwamba 38 ° C);
• kuwonjezera submandibular zone lymph mfundo;
• poganiza kuti pakhosi "Misozi mmwamba";
• chowawa kumeza;
• redness ndi kutupa kwa tonsils ndi mucosa arches pakhosi;
• maonekedwe a chikwangwani yochitidwa pa tonsils, koma wopanda zilonda;
• kuwonjezeka mapuloteni mu mkodzo (pa kutentha);
• m'magazi achuluke ndi ESR ndi maselo oyera, koma Mbali imeneyi si khalidwe.

Catarrhal zilonda zapakhosi popanda malungo pafupipafupi matenda monga matenda pachimake kupuma.

Toyambitsa matenda a zilonda zapakhosi zaka grudnichkovogo ana inasamutsidwa kuchoka mayi matenda kapena achibale ake ena. Popeza chitetezo cha m'thupi mwa mwana sichinayambe kupangidwa, matenda amayamba ku hypothermia ndi pambuyo matenda ena tizilombo. Nthawi zambiri, ana akuvutika ndi staphylococcus, streptococcus ndi mavairasi.

Zizindikiro ndi amodzi mwa akulu, koma mwina Komanso kukhala:

• moodiness;
• kusafuna kudya;
• kusinza kapena, Tikawonetsetsa nkhawa;
• kuchuluka salivation;
• pa omangana mkulu kutentha, m'mimba komanso regurgitation.

Njira zochizira

• bedi mpumulo;
• gargle, compresses;
• kumwa wambiri madzi;
• mankhwala mankhwala a sulfa ( "Biseptolum", "Streptocide" "Bactrim");
• mankhwala;
• antipyretics (chosonyeza);
• mavitamini.

Maantibayotiki yekha anaika dokotala pa maziko a nkhani imeneyi.

mankhwalawa angina makanda aligorivimu Mzimuyo dokotala. Isanafike makolo ake kufika zitha kugogoda kutentha (ngati pamwamba 38 ° C) kutsimikiziridwa wotchuka njira tichipeza mu akupukuta ng'ombe mwana kapena okha ofooka mphumi viniga njira. Paokha kapena antipyretics kapena mankhwala akhoza sudzaperekedwa. Kids chaka wamkulu kuposa wina isanafike dokotala sangathe kupereka mwana malungo "Paracetamol" kapena "Nurofen", ndipo kawirikawiri mwana kumwa tiyi ofunda.

zilonda zapakhosi

Follicles mu mmero - ichi kudzikundikira maselo lymphatic mu tonsils lapansi. M'mikhalidwe yachibadwa ali ofanana ndi tokhala wochenjera. Pamene iwo akhala chofuna, akuyamba zilonda zapakhosi. Zimayambitsa matenda ndi mofanana catarrhal zilonda zapakhosi, nthawi zambiri akufotokozera popanda chithandizo follicular. Akuluakulu ndi ana amakumana ndi mulingo ofanana. The causative wothandizila a zilonda zapakhosi - streptococcus, staphylococcus, ena tizilombo.

zizindikiro:

• lakuthwa mwadzidzidzi kuwonekera koyamba kugulu, m'kukoma kutentha mantha pamwamba 39 ° C, malungo, kufooka ambiri;
• ululu mu mmero, anakafika ku makutu;
• splenomegaly;
• kupweteka kwa mutu, kumbuyo;
• Nthawi zina zizindikiro za kuledzera, ana ndi yapadera kwambiri;
• hyperemic tonsils, ndi loyera kapena pang'ono chikasu zilonda yooneka yaing'ono;

• nthawi zina zizindikiro za matenda a mtima (tachycardia, ululu mu mtima);
• akuchuluka ululu pamene kutembenuzira mutu;
• mu magazi eosinophils kuchuluka, erythrocyte sedimentation mlingo, maselo oyera.

Monga nthumwi za angina kawirikawiri streptococci ndi staphylococci, mabakiteriya ie, chithandizo ndi kuvomerezedwa anachita ndi mankhwala. osiyanasiyana awo lalikulu - "Ampicillin", "mankhwalawa", "Tsefamezin" ndi ena.

Ana ndi akulu mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito opopera kuthetsa ululu mu mmero "Orasept", "Faringosprey". Onse a aligorivimu ndi ofanana ndi zimene ntchito mu angina bluetongue.

Tisawasale menyu akhakula, zokometsera, mchere, chakudya peppery. Ana ayenera kumwetsedwa mbatata yosenda ndi kuwala phala, ndi mphamvu-kudya ndi contraindicated.

lacunar zilonda zapakhosi

Lacuna - ndi mapangidwe pa tonsils mu mawonekedwe a matumba ndi grooves. Iwo ali abwino kasungidwe iwo mu purulent exudate ntchofu. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda lacunar angina - ndi mabakiteriya okha, nthawi zambiri cocci, koma mavairasi akhoza kwambiri kumawonjezera boma kale analibe wodwalayo. Zizindikiro mu follicular lacunar angina ndi ofanana, koma amasonyeza Pankhaniyi zambiri kutchulidwa. Choncho, odwala kawirikawiri kutentha kudumpha mpaka 40 ° C, mutu kungakhale kwa kusanza, zizindikiro za kuledzera alipo ana ndi akuluakulu, kutopa ndi kufooka thupi lonse kuti munthuyo sakufuna kusuntha. Pa tonsils wodwala ngakhale layman amaona pustules woyera kapena wachikasu. Iwo amakhala akuluakulu kuposa mu zilonda zapakhosi follicular, koma si monga yaikulu monga mwa khosi la zotupa mafangasi. Izi ndi mfundo yaikulu zosiyanasiyana zithunzi matenda awa atatu.

Chithandizo cha follicular lacunar angina zofanana. Zilonda mu mmero akhoza kuchotsa chilichonse, ndipo mabala - afewetsedwa antiseptics. Zolengeza akhoza kuchotsedwa rinses.

Nthawi zina follicular ndi lacunar angina kukhala ndi gawo fibrinous, purulent pamene zolengeza kufalikira kwa tonsils mu madera oyandikana pakhosi.

herpangina

Mu matenda pali ofanana maina angapo - gerpangina, aphthous kapena Enterovirus vesicular pharyngitis. The causative wothandizila wa nsungu HIV zilonda zapakhosi, kapena m'malo angapo serovars coxsackie HIV, osati mabakiteriya chithandizo choncho mankhwala mu nkhani iyi ndi zosayenera. Matendawa nthawi zambiri imagwira ana, ngakhalenso makanda, ndi akulu kawirikawiri matenda. Gerpanginu kukatenga zosavuta, monga Coxsackie mavairasi ndi chosakaza wosangalatsa mwamsanga inasamutsidwa kuchoka kwawo TV, anthu ndi m'malovu, kupatula fecal-m'kamwa njira (manja zauve - zidole, pacifier - pakamwa). Ngakhale kwambiri kawirikawiri, matenda akhoza kuwapeza kukhudzana ndi nyama zina, monga nkhumba. Kamodzi mu thupi la wovulalayo wake, mavairasi kuwononga lymph mfundo, ndiye kuti magazi ndi kumeneko mu dongosolo pakhosi lymph.

zizindikiro:

• lakuthwa kuwonekera koyamba kugulu (kutentha kudumpha 40 ° C, kufooka, mpaka nestoyaniya pa mapazi ana pafupipafupi anati khunyu);
• kuchuluka soreness kummero;
• chimfine mphuno;
• Nthawi zina kutsokomola;
• totupa mu mmero mu mawonekedwe a vesicles utoto, wodzazidwa ndi exudate bwino (iwo amafanana ndi anthu nsungu ali anatsanulira pa milomo); masiku angapo thovu amaphulika ndipo kukokoloka kuonekera mu malo awo.

Makanda ndi owopsa nsungu angina. Tizilomboto mu thupi lawo ofooka angathe kuutsa meninjaitisi, pyelonephritis, encephalitis, ndi vesicles angaoneke osati pa kamwa, komanso thupi.

pantawi wapangidwa ndikatha kumfunsafunsa wa nembanemba mucous, ndi chomaliza pamaziko a serological ndi mayesero virological.

Mankhwala monga mankhwala mavairasi oyambitsa zovuta, mmene antipyretics, mankhwala, immunomodulatory. pakhosi amaliona ndi opopera wapadera, ndi ana wamkulu amasankhidwa ndi rinsing. Compresses ndi inhalation Herpangina zoletsedwa. Maantibayotiki zinafotokozedwa zovuta pokhapokha ngati mavuto anayamba zokhudzana ndi matenda antibacterial.

purulent zilonda zapakhosi

Mawu amenewa nthawi zina amatchedwa matenda ena omwe njira yotupa anati pakhosi kupanga purulent exudate. lacunar Izi ndi follicular zilonda zapakhosi, mbali yofunika kwambiri ndicho zilonda ndi nthawi ili tonsils ndi kufalikira m'madera pafupi. The causative wothandizila a purulent zilonda zapakhosi mabakiteriya okha, ndi 80% ndi strep, 10% - aureus ndi wina 10% - ndi Mgwilizano wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda awiriwa. Nthawi zina purulent zilonda zapakhosi otchedwa mafangasi kapena mtundu chinzonono, koma pali kusiyana zithunzi. Choncho, ndi angina mafangasi amayamba ndi matenda a mafangasi, ambiri amangoti candida. chizindikiro Aika - woyera wowumitsa zolengeza m'madera pakhosi, ngakhale chinenero. N'chifukwa chake angina mafangasi kusokonezedwa ndi thrush. Fungal zolengeza mosavuta kuchotsedwa, kuwulula zilonda utoto. Zimayambitsa - ndi chifooke chitetezo chokwanira, wautali kapena kusalankhula ntchito antibayotiki. Ngati wothandizila causative a zilonda zapakhosi ndi gonococcus, umatchedwa mabomu, kapena molondola chinzonono kummero. Ndi kupatulapo zochepa akuluakulu. Chifukwa - sikolakwika ndi chonyamulira a. Zizindikiro za matenda a chinzonono ndi purulent zilonda zapakhosi ndi zofanana kwambiri, kotero zosiyanasiyana zolondola n'chotheka potenga chopaka ku M'mimbamo m'kamwa. Zowoneka zilonda ndi mmero chinzonono lolemererapo kuposa angina, kuphatikiza, timatha kufalitsa kwa m'kamwa ndi lilime.

Nkofunika kuzindikira kuti purulent zilonda zapakhosi - matenda pachimake yekha kumatenga palibe masiku oposa 10 ndipo si anawathetsa akuyambiranso. Ngati masiku 10 sikunali kotheka kuti amuchotsepo matenda, ndiye matenda choyambirira chinali cholakwika. Popanda mankhwalawa a angina amapereka mavuto:

• abscesses mu mmero;
• otitis pafupifupi yokoka ndi zotheka kuwonongeka kumva;
• sepsis;
• enaake ophwanya malungo;
• ululu mu mtima mwathu;
• aimpso kulephera;
• aakulu zilonda zapakhosi.

Pomaliza, zilonda zapakhosi - matenda opatsirana. Choncho, pofuna kuti kupatsira mabanja awo, odwala ayenera mosamalitsa kusunga ukhondo.