Foundation mulu: ndemanga. Wononga mulu-maziko. Monolithic mulu maziko

Popanda maziko sikutheka kulingalira nyumba iliyonse, palibe kwambiri kapena zochepa kwambiri nyumba pa malo wakunja kwatawuni. Vuto yekha ndi kuti ndalama maziko abwino ndi apamwamba kwambiri, choncho pali nthawi zonse mayesero kuyang'ana kwa ena wotsika mtengo koma apamwamba mwina.

Mmodzi wa iwo ndi maziko mulu. Reviews amati katundu ndi chokwanira pa dziko pafupifupi kanyumba, osanenapo osambira ndi nyumba zina zapakhomo. Lero tiona pa mayankho osati makasitomala, komanso zifukwa zimene zimachititsa iwo. Yotsirizira n'kofunika kwambiri monga kuphunzira othandiza n'chofunika kwambiri kwa maziko oyenera pa kusankha nyumba.

Chifukwa mulu maziko ali otchuka?

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, maziko nyumba lisankha ambiri a kutukula. N'chifukwa chiyani kuposa luso kale kuposa nthawi anayesedwa ndi mokwanira odalirika mungachite?

• Choyamba, ndi liwiro. Kodi inu akupezabe maziko chomwe tingachite pa tsiku limodzi?
• Kachiwiri, cheapness. Popeza kuti mtengo wa simenti nthawi zonse kuwonjezeka, mtengo wa ochiritsira Mzere maziko ndi thambo mkulu.
• Komanso, monga maziko akhoza kukhala kunyumba kugona pansi wosakhazikika, komanso zikhalidwe za Madzi oundana.
• Ngati luso bookmarks wakhala anaphedwa molondola, maziko si prosyadet, ndi nyumba adzakhala otetezeka zinthu aliyense.

ndemanga kasitomala amasonyeza kuti basi masabata, anamanga chishango nyumba zonse, kugwiritsa ntchito luso mulu. omanga ena mwazindikira kuti mtengo wotsika wa milu analoledwa kukhala mkati bajeti, m'mene anamanga nyumba yabwino kwambiri. Mwa njira, wononga-mulu maziko, mtengo umene uli pafupi 13-14 zikwi rubles, zilipo pafupifupi homeowner angathe.

Mtengo wa mulu wina (76 mamilimita awiri) ndi m'ma 1200 rubles. Pa avareji nyumba imodzi mkati milu khumi.

zokhuza njira

Mwa njira, mmene timachitira atagona izi mtundu wa maziko? Monga dzina lake likunenera, ndi maziko a milu wononga. Iwo amapangidwa ndi zitsulo, ndi kutha kwa tsiku lililonse mchitidwe structural ali tsamba (monga zomangira ayezi) lakonzedwa kuzikwirira iyo mu nthaka. Koma ndi mfundo iyi ndipo kuyamba mikangano ambiri.

Munthu aganiza kuti zomangamanga ayenera m'manda yekha mothandizidwa ndi makina katundu, munthu walangizidwa chakuti zolinga izi ndi abwino ndithu Buku mphamvu gulu la ogwira ntchito amene kukhazikitsa mulu maziko. Mafanizo zambiri angapereke kampani kumene inu ganyu akatswiri. Choncho likukhalira kwambiri mtengo, ndipo pochita Pamudzi, mukhoza kupanga maganizo awo zaphindu.

zoyipa

Iwo ayenera kupanga MPATUKO pofotokoza zofooka za njira imeneyi. Ngati ogula sindikukudziwani pasadakhale, ndiye kuchuluka kwa disaffected angadwale.

• Ngati zolimba nthaka (tidzati zambiri kuti m'munsimu), ndi wononga-mulu-maziko iwo sangakhoze kugona. mfundo ndi yakuti pamene inu muyesera sapota iwo mu mulu, ❖ kuyanika ndi Mwina mkulu imawonongeka, kuika kudya dzimbiri. Kumene, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito njira yapadera, koma kwambiri pa mtengo wa ntchito.
• Komanso, ngati milu ndi bwino kutetezedwa ku njira dzimbiri, palibe wabwino ndi bwino kudikira.
• Zopotoka zopindika mulu salinso onani.

Komanso dziko, chimene yakwera pa maziko, sikutheka kuti chapansi. Zimenezi zimapangitsa n'zosatheka kukhala kukonzekera zoweta, komanso zingapangitse kuti kupeza nyumba m'nyengo yozizira zosasangalatsa, monga simenti ndi ozizira.

Anthu ambiri sankasangalala ndi posankha maziko kokha chifukwa chakuti makampani yomanga Ngopambana chabe kuzidziŵa lapansi. Kumbukirani, adamthamangira ode mulu maziko zambiri kuimba makampani ena awafunsa kokha phindu. Ngati kampani kwambiri, akatswiri ake Mulimonsemo nawo wochenjeza ogula kuthekera za mavuto zotheka ndi zolakwa za luso zoonekeratu.

Ndipo wina. The moyo utumiki wa nyumba pa maziko mulu kawirikawiri kuposa zaka 100-120, kotero kuti amange "chisa" mudzakhala bwino. Mfundo imeneyi iyenera komanso adzanyamula kukumbukira. Komabe, wononga mulu-maziko, mtengo umene ndi laling'ono kwambiri, kawirikawiri ntchito yomanga nyumba yotereyi. Monga ulamuliro, iwo anamanga nyumba zing'onozing'ono dziko laling'ono, cholinga kwa zaka za banja la anthu awiri kapena atatu.

Komabe, pali kuchotserapo, pamene milu angabweretse chidwi kwambiri nyumba makulidwe. N'zotheka, koma adzakhala nako kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo kwambiri cholimba.

Kukumba kapena kukumba?

Nthawi zambiri timawerenga ndemanga zoipa anthu amene ganyu kuti milu Buku burrowing. Iwo amanena kuti chifukwa cha "amayenda" maziko mu osiyanasiyana 40-50 masentimita! Chavuta? ndi luso boma chiyani?

Onani kuti ndithu amayanja njira onse. Koma! Nkofunika kukumbukira kuti instillation Buku ayenera kutsatira malamulo amene nthawi zambiri ananyalanyaza bwinobwino. Choncho, malangizo onse imanena kuti milu ayenera tili m'mavuto kuchokera zikande, popanda mabowo zoonjezera. Mu zenizeni, m'pofunika limbitsani pang'ono dziko, kuonetsetsa malangizo olondola a galimoto. Pakuti ichi poyamba ayenera kukumba dzenje yaing'ono (osapitirira 15-20 cm). Iwo anaikapo mu mulu, amene ayamba kupotokola dzanja.

zinthu zopindulitsa

Ndipo momwe, mu kuchita, kupanga maziko a mulu? Reviews akusonyeza kuti za luso nkhani kulankhula sukupita. Childs, woyamba kukumba dzenje yaikulu pakuya mamita angapo, ndiye amaika mulu, tiyipukuse angapo zina, ndiye kuwaza padziko chisokonezo. Mwachibadwa, kudalirika mu mtundu uwu wa zomangamanga palibe. Pa mvula yoyamba kusamba pansi, mulu ali hawking.

Komanso, anthu ambiri amanena kuti pa mulu zonse akugwedeza, kukhala kosavuta kumangitsa iwo. Choncho si Mulimonsemo n'zosatheka! antchito ayenera chinabwera. Mulu wa iwo olimbika yophika, koma ndizo kokha angapo zaka mulu maziko nyumba kwenikweni prosest - ndi kwanu anasungidwa. Choncho, ambiri ndemanga tikapatsidwa sanali kugwilizana luso wamba. Ndi zomvetsa chisoni kwambiri, chifukwa maziko awa kuzungulira dziko akhala kokha ku mbali positive.

Komanso, ogula ambiri wogwidwa lingaliro wosangalala monyanyira ndalama: ngati anthu 'wosasakaza' nthawi zina osankhidwa mulu zitsulo mu 2 mm wandiweyani, kenako amadandaula subsidence wa maziko. Dziwani kuti adzatenge SNIP: mulu maziko zopangidwa ndi zitsulo osachepera 4 mamilimita wandiweyani. Mark zitsulo - 20, kuyambira ndi osachepera 10-15% cholimba kuposa chitsulo lachitatu la mtundu, amene zofala kwambiri ntchito ndi anthu ambiri makampani yomanga.

Zofunika!

ogula ambiri amadandaula makampani osachita amene ntchito yawo bwino. Reviews nkhani mantha wathunthu, koma muyenera kukumbukira kuti ngati ndikufuna kubweretsa antchito kupotokola mulu, mayeso kumangika - ayenera!

Osagwiritsa ntchito makampani kuti abalalitse iye mopepuka. Ngakhale pamaso pa zotsatira Geodesy mu zigawo zambiri kapena zochepa kwambiri wa nthaka akhoza kukhala kwambiri za miyala miyala, ndiponso mavuto ena kuti zikhale zosatheka zida maziko. Mtengo wa ntchito pamene ali apamwamba kwambiri, koma zedi.

Choncho, ngati inu zogula mulu pa katundu wa, gulu lina ndalama 1,200 rubles Pamene mayeso pobowola ndi cementing headband, mtengo wake an'dzamuka rubles 1,300 kapena kuposerapo. Komabe, ngati mulibe chochitika cha ntchito ya zomangamanga, ndi bwino ntchito misonkhano ya ogwira anayala maziko moteromo.

Ndinakumana - Choyamba!

Aliyense akudziwa kuti pamene akuponya tepi m'munsi kudikira kwa nthawi yaitali, imene simenti ndi mokwanira anawachiritsa. Zachilendo, koma pazifukwa zina anthu omwewo piously kuonetsetsa kuti n'zotheka ntchito wononga-mulu maziko maola angapo pambuyo kupotoza.

Ayi! Akatswiri amanena kuti ganizoli ndi kupereka milu osachepera chaka, imene potsiriza kuotcha nthaka ndi Kupeza yomanga. Ngati inu fulumirani, ndiye palibe wabwino adzabwera: ndipo pali ndemanga anakwiya imene anthu akudandaula za zolakwa wina ndi mzake luso.

Kufunika kafukufuku geodetic

Tikumbukenso kuti milu sayenera tili m'mavuto "anamlandira", ndipo malinga ndi tiganizira othandiza. Pamaso yomanga titchedwe akatswiri pa Survey Geodetic ndi kupeza kuya kwa zigawo wandiweyani nthaka. Ndi mlingo wawo ayenera maziko kotereku, chifukwa mukatero mulu pamapeto pake kukhala yomasuka pang'ono mu nthaka yofewa.

Kumbukirani kuti ndi zofunika kuti limagubuduzika simenti mulu maziko yomweyo, ngati nthawi kutsanulira konkire structural mbali Mwina mulu wa kupatuka yafupika kwambiri.

Kufunika pamaso pa mayendedwe

Oddly zokwanira, koma pazifukwa zina zambiri nzika anzathu amamuiwala za mwatsatanetsatane laling'ono. Ziribe kanthu chomwe mbiri ali ndi kampani ya zomangamanga, koma inu (kapena nthumwi yanu) ayenera kukhala mu malo. Tanena kale kuti ogwira ntchito akhale ndi mwina kuti unyinji wa zidule wosalira ndondomeko, koma musachimwe Mulimonsemo zosatheka.

Komanso, muyenera yomweyo aletse khalidwe la ntchito, ndipo kwathunthu zithunzi ndondomeko, kuyambira magawo oyambirira, ngati n'koyenera. Reviews amati pamaso pa zinthu imatengedwa kunenanso msanga. Ngakhale omanga osasamalira mu nkhani iyi, amakonda kuthetsa nkhaniyi mwamtendere, kuyambira mwinamwake bwalo adakali kuima kumbali ya ogula.

Zikugwira ntchito zinachitikira nyumba pa mulu-Ground zomangira

Nkhani athu adzakhala kutali kwathunthu ngati sitinali kukambirana nawo ntchitoyo nyumba zikugwira ntchito kuti anayikidwa mu maziko wononga-mulu. Choncho, chimene amapereka maziko mulu? Reviews zikutsutsana, koma ena mitu wamba adakali pano.

Choyamba, pafupifupi eni nyumba yonse kuti pansi pa nyengo yozizira. Izi makamaka choncho pamene nyumba anaika m'munda lotseguka, m'madera osati akachita mwa mpanda wa osachepera. Mphepo iwombela pa danga ufulu pakati pa milu ndi nyumba, kuonetsetsa khola (ndipo kwambiri) imfa ya moto. Mutha kuona kuti mulu maziko, amene ali chithunzi m'nkhani, angachotse nyumba msinkhu yabwino.

Choncho, ine ndikanati ndikulangizeni kuchita zotsatirazi:

• Onetsetsani kuti mumakhala pansi ndi zipangizo zamakono, osati kuiwala za nthunzi chotchinga.
• Kuteteza mpanda wozungulira kapena malo amene akhoza kuchepetsa liwiro mphepo.
• Pomaliza, m'nyengo yozizira muyenera chisanu obkidyvat nyumba, kutseka kusiyana pansi ndi pansi.

Koma durability, komabe molawirira kwambiri mumakumbukira nthawi iliyonse. Koma palibe kunyumba, kuvala milu wononga dziko lathu, ngakhale chikondwerero chikumbutso ake makumi asanu. Komabe, eni nyumba chiyani dziwani kuti pamene chinyengo aliyense sizimaoneka (kupatula pa nkhani ya matenda a sayansi).

Ambiri, pamene njira imeneyi pa malo lotseguka dziko wathu lasonyeza mwapadera bwino, kotero palibe chifukwa wapadera osati ntchito.

Sayansi ya monolithic mulu maziko

Mu gawo loyamba la M'nkhaniyi tiona anayang'ana pa muyezo mulu maziko. Mayankho za iye m'malo zikutsutsana, koma tapeza kuti pafupifupi milandu, ena zoyipa pafupifupi nthawi zonse zimachitika chifukwa cha vuto kapena omanga okha, kapena makasitomala amene sumalamulidwa ndi antchito.

Tikumbukenso kuti chilengedwe mtundu wa milu ndi chabe ayi. Osati mu zinthu zonse athe kukwaniritsa zosowa zanu zosiyanasiyana mwauzimu, kotero lero tikambirana monolithic mulu maziko, potengera mayankho ochokera makasitomala.

Ndipotu, omanga kuitana mtundu wa maziko "chamadzi mlatho maziko" kuti sizitilepheretsa amaona kuchokera kutenga malo. Kuti mwina iwo tili m'mavuto padera ndi wodzazidwa ndi simenti mu malo. Mosiyana ndi luso pamwambapa anafotokoza akukumba olandiridwa. Choyamba, chofunika mokhomerera dzenje awiri pansi ake anatsanulira wamphamvu mchenga bedi, zimakhazikika, ndiyeno kutsanulira matope konkire.

Kumtunda yakwera grillage zomwe zikugwirizana dongosolo lonse monolith limodzi ndi chabwino mphamvu makhalidwe. Kodi ubwino wa njira imeneyi n'chiyani?

• Choyamba, zosavuta kupeza njira kwa tikubooleza kuposa kupotokola mulu.
• Si precluded ku kukumba kotero kuti athanso kupeza bwino makhalidwe a dothi.
• Palibe ngozi kuti mulu chawonongeka kapena olumala, monga kudzazidwa yake yagwirika mwachindunji pa malo.
• konkire bwino ntchito kwa zaka komanso anthu ofuna kulenga awo "chisa" amasonyeza monolithic mulu maziko. Technology zikusonyeza kuti nyumbayo idzaima kwa nthawi yaitali.

umboni kasitomala

Monga momwe zinalili m'mbuyomu, muyenera kukambirana kumverera atangochimwa anthu amene amakhala nyumba zimenezi. Choyamba, adadandaula kuti mtengo pang'onopang'ono wa bookmarks (poyerekeza ndi milu helical). Izi kuchepetsa ndi khalidwe wamkulu ntchito, ngati kulamulira yokonza konkire, ngakhale ogwira ntchito mosasamala zovuta kusokoneza chinachake.

omanga odziwa amanena kuti si koyenera kukumba dzenje yaikulu angapo yakuya mamita. Pakuti dziko pafupifupi nyumba yokwanira kuti kubowola bwino kuti akuya masentimita 80. Zofunika! Tikayang'ana ndemanga, ambiri akuyesetsa kuika mmenemo monga gulu la filler (mwala wosweka, wosweka njerwa). Motero munthu unsembe mulu maziko amapezeka paliponse.

Choncho muyenera kuchita, zochitika zimasonyeza kuti milu ngati amakonda osokoneza, pamene oyera situ konkire angaimire zaka. Nthawi zambiri pali nkhani pa kuchotsa limatifotokozera akale (mu North la milu ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali) mizati yowona (monga iwo anali zaka 60-70) anali wangwiro chikhalidwe, pamene anthu ambiri yomanga wakhala nthawi yaitali zinyalala yekha.

Zofunika! Palibe mulibe ntchito welded kumayenera kuthira maziko! Ndemanga za ena omanga amasonyeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito njira ngati kumabweretsa akulimbana ndi mapindikidwe wa mulu. Chinthu ndi chimango ikuthandizira ayenera kukhala otha (osokedwa) kuti wogawana kugawira katundu zikuchitika m'nkhaniyo.

Welded dongosolo Kodi ziyeneretso izi, ndipo chotero zikhoza ming'alu. Ena okonda zina dziko, zomwe paokha anatsanulira monolithic mulu maziko, nthawi zambiri dziwani kuti vuto la ming'alu mu zolimba akuyamba mofulumira kudutsa mu madzi. The chifukwa ndi anakonzeratu: yogwira dzimbiri ndi chiwonongeko cha mulu. Sizibwereza zolakwa za ena, kupanga kamangidwe ka maziko mulu!

Njira yokha kwa dothi chikhamu

Nthaka, zomwe akamaziwononga (nyengo yozizira) Kodi zinasintha kasinthidwe awo, kwenikweni vspuchivayas padziko, amatchedwa chikhamu. Iwo ali mutu weniweni pafupifupi onse omanga ndi anthu amene amakhala yogawa awo.

Ndipo chimodzimodzi basi mulu maziko (mtengo kwenikweni zing'onozing'ono), amene ali pabwino pansipa kuzizira nthaka capricious ndi chipulumutso chenicheni. Monga akunenera za anthu a nyumba Nyumba Zam'mwamba, palibe chinyengo cha maziko saiona, pamene ochiritsira lamba-mtundu zapansi limatanthauza "misozi" pa chaka chachiwiri kapena chachitatu cha ntchito kunyumba.