Potsanzira mwala. matailosi wapakamwa pansi mwala. mwala chindwi

Sikuti anthu onse amene akufuna ntchito mu ulemerero wa nyumba zawo mwala zachilengedwe, mukhoza kugula izo. Izi zinthu zachilengedwe nthawi zonse mtengo mwachilungamo mkulu. Mwamwayi, kwa zaka zambiri m'malo otchedwa "onyenga" amiyala, ndiwo mtengo kwambiri.

Gwiritsani ntchito chuma ndi m'katikati

achilengedwe mwala onyenga zodabwitsa decorates iliyonse mkati. Pa nthawi yomweyo ntchito osati chifukwa malinga ndi simenti, komanso ena kukongoletsa ndi zinchito zinthu za chipinda (mizati, fireplaces, makonde, niches, makoma). Izi zikutibweretsa kuti m'katikati chepetsa chitonthozo chapadera ndi m'maganizo. Mosiyana ndi zimene ambiri amakhulupirira, zimenezi zili kutsirizitsa kwa zoyenera wangwiro osati Interiors akale, Agiriki ndi akale, komanso m'madera amene pali kapangidwe zotsogola. Zotsatira za mwala oyerekezera zikudalira ali kapangidwe (kapangidwe) ndi mitundu.

Mitundumitundu ndi miyala potsanzira

Wall pansi miyala akhoza analengedwa ntchito zosiyanasiyana zipangizo kumaliza. Panopa, iwo anamasulidwa akonzedwa yaikulu. M'munsimu muli anthu ambiri.

Kumaliza mwala yokumba amapangidwa kuchokera chisakanizo cha mchenga ndi simenti ndi Kuwonjezera zina zosiyanasiyana (inki, fillers), kuwongolera ntchito ndi ntchito kukongoletsa.

Matailosi kutsanzira mwala, akhala udachita ndi kutchuka choyenera. Ndi cholimba, kugonjetsedwa ndi kumva kuwawa ndipo ali ndi maonekedwe chidwi.

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, kutchuka kwambiri analandira gulu pansi pa thanthwe. Iwo angagwiritsidwe ntchito kutsirizitsa ndi pamakoma, ndipo mkati.

Mwala onyenga ngati lubwe, wakhala kwa zaka zambiri. Iye ali mochuluka kwambiri cholimba ndi cholimba kuposa matailosi ceramic. Pali mitundu zosiyanasiyana ndi mawonekedwe a nsalu. Today anamasulidwa nzeru ndi kukongoletsa 3D-kapamwamba ndi reliefs chodabwitsa.

mwala chindwi

Nkhanizi akalowa zidzakhala pa malonda kwa nthawi yaitali, ngakhale kufunika wapadera yekha mu maofesi pagulu - monga odyera, zitsulo ndi malo omwera. Mu zaka zapitazo, ochuluka ntchito pomanga zoweta. matailosi Modern pansi mwala ndi chabe chodabwitsa zosiyanasiyana mawonekedwe ndi mithunzi, kulola kulenga wotsogola ndi choyambirira mkati kapangidwe. Chotero surfacing zipangizo anapanga ziwiya zadothi ndi ambiri osiyana mitundu, mawonekedwe, mitundu. Chifukwa cha ichi, kutchuka kwawo ikukula tsiku lililonse. Gypsum matailosi pansi miyala ndi mtengo kwambiri kuposa mnzake zachilengedwe. Wina wa ubwino ndi chomasuka akuchitira ndi unsembe.

Zosiyanasiyana matailosi pansi pa thanthwe

Pansi matailosi zakutchire mwala anapanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Losavuta wa iwo zigwirizana pulasitala ndi ziwiya zadothi, koma pali mtengo Mwachitsanzo, opangidwa pamaziko a akiliriki. Pano pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matailosi amenewa:

• matailosi Ceramic otsanzira zachilengedwe mwala pamwamba. Linapangidwa pamaziko a dongo. Pambuyo kupanga matailosi amafuna calcination pa kutentha.
• Gypsum matailosi kokha ntchito yokongola mkati. Izo zikhoza kuchitidwa paokha. Kunyumba, phale la amapangidwa wapadera kusinthidwa gypsum. Mtengo wa zinthu ndi wotsika. matailosi gypsum nthawi zambiri ntchito upholstery ndi yokongola fireplaces.
• Akiliriki gel osakaniza m'munsi matailosi ali mphamvu yapamwamba. Izo ntchito kupanga countertops, "wonyezimira" mapanelo, zinthu zokongoletsera. akiliriki onyenga mwala zambiri mitundu yokumba ya onekisi ntchito kupanga mapanelo khoma.

Ngati mwasankha zimenezi zili cladding ayenera kulabadira chimene iwo uli. Matailosi pansi miyala lilipo kwa onse mkati ndi kunja (kutsogolo) ntchito. Onse a zinthuzi yodziwika ndi kudalirika kwawo, durability, kukana nkhawa makina. Akukhulupirira kuti pansi matailosi mwala ndi wochezeka zipangizo kuwamaliza. N'chifukwa chake anthu ambiri kupereka izo mmalo mwa kutsirizitsa kwa tisadwale, moyo zipinda, mabafa ndi tisadwale. Gypsum matailosi pansi mwala angagwiritsidwe ntchito yokongola mkati yekha. Izo ntchito kumene kulibe chinyezi.

matailosi wapakamwa pansi miyala sikusintha katundu ngakhale mchikakamizo cha otsika kutentha ndi mkulu. Ngakhale madontho chinyezi, izo lofotokozabe chikuoneka pachiyambi kwa zaka zambiri. matailosi wapakamwa pansi mwala ali zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, mawonekedwe ndi mitundu. Latest fotopechatnye makina muoneke pafupifupi onse odziwika Mitundu ya mwala achilengedwe. Zosonkhanitsira otsiriza a matailosi yodziwika ndi m'maganizo awo ndi kuona bwino zing'onozing'ono. Posachedwapa, makamaka wotchuka ndi mwala onyenga chokhala nsangalabwi, onekisi travertine. Chotero kuwamaliza zinthu Ufumuyo makamaka aliyense Kusinthaku aristocraticness.

Matailosi pansi pa thanthwe, chithunzi cha amene angapezeke pa Websites ambiri a pa Intaneti, mukhoza kulenga Interiors kwambiri wapadera. Chinthu chokha kuchita zimenezi - ndi ndalama zokwanira ndi m'maganizo pang'ono. masiku awa mukhoza kukatenga matailosi a chigawo chomwecho, koma osiyana mithunzi - kuti mamita lalikulu 3-4 si mobwerezabwereza aliyense wa iwo.

Amene makamaka kwa mdima mwala matailosi. zoumbaumba kukongoletsa wa mtundu uwu Modabwitsa pamodzi ndi zipangizo monga galasi, matabwa, zitsulo. Mothandizidwa ndi izo akuyendera maganizo kamangidwe.

"Stone" gulu

Lero, pansi mwala mapanelo ali pa nsonga ya kutchuka kwake. okonza ambiri ntchito iwo okha kwa pamakoma, komanso ntchito mkati. Nkhanizi kuwamaliza unapangidwa ndi umisiri wotsogola, kupanga pafupifupi osiyana miyala achilengedwe. Wall kukongoletsa gulu pansi pa thanthwe ndi othandiza kuona kwambiri, zovuta kukhazikitsa. Ubwino wina wa nkhani cladding ndi cheapness ake wachibale. The Kufikika kwambiri mapanelo ameneŵa wa khalidwe pulasitiki mkulu. Iwo cholimba ndipo popanda chisamaliro zovuta. Nthawi zambiri zimagwirira ntchito mu ulemerero wa mabafa, tisadwale, zipinda zodyeramo. Iwo nthawi zambiri apezedwe m'maofesi.

Species pansi pa mapanelo mwala

Nthawi zambiri, zimenezi zili kuwamaliza opangidwa ndi kuthamanga kuponyera mkulu. Malinga kapangidwe kake, gulu wolemekezeka:

• Kukhala ndi dongosolo homogeneous (anapanga apamwamba PVC).
• Kuphatikiza (kunja wosanjikiza - wa polima, ndipo mkati - wa polystyrene). Nkhanizi ndi insulator wabwino, kotero amakonda kufunika mkulu.
• Chopangidwa ndi kukodzedwa polystyrene thovu ndi alumikizidwa chivundikirocho akunja.

Kapangidwe mapanelo ambiri zikuphatikizapo utomoni thovu ndi mwala ufa. Zogulitsa ndi nambala yaikulu zitsanzo mapanelo kutsogolo motengera mitundu ya mwala ngati slate, miyala, sandstone, Malachite, khwatsi, topazi. Umakopa zosiyanasiyana mitundu mpumulo (wosweka mwala kapena miyala). Akugulitsa mungapeze zipangizo tofanana lathyathyathya basalt, onekisi, lubwe, travertine, zlatolit, dolomite. Lachitsanzo wotchuka mizere mwaukhondo anakonza miyala anayi.

Chifukwa cha multiplicity mapanelo izi, aliyense mwamsanga kukongoletsa nyumba yanu kuti pa Alpine mphanga, ndi akale khoma ndalama zochepa. Chifukwa lonse mtundu phale kwa mapanelo wapakamwa, mukhoza kusankha mthunzi mtundu kuchokera beige kuwala ndi woyera kwa bulauni mdima ndi wakuda. Chotero yosiyanasiyana kulenga osakaniza amafunika nyumba ndi malo ozungulira.

Katundu pamutu mapanelo mwala wapakamwa

Chotero kuwamaliza zinthu saopa mkulu kapena otsika kutentha, chinyezi ndi mchere. Chifukwa chakuti koyefishienti otsika cha kuwonjezedwa liniya, izi mapanelo musati deform zaka. Odalirika mafupa dongosolo zimawathandiza kulimbana mphepo ngakhale amphamvu. zipangizo apamwamba ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi kuchepa mphamvu dzuwa. Other mbali mapanelo wapakamwa pansi pa thanthwe ndi:

• durability;
• otsika matenthedwe madutsidwe;
• zikumveka bwino kutchinjiriza;
• zimakhudzira kukana;
• kukana dzimbiri;
• moto kukana.

Nkhanizi kuwamaliza Ubwino: mtengo wotsika, kuwala kulemera, akhoza wokwera pa khoma la mtundu uliwonse popanda kuphunzitsidwa mwapadera.

The mtengo mapanelo wapakamwa

Akugulitsa onse ali okwera mtengo kwambiri ndiponso ndilotsika mtengo gulu pansi pa thanthwe. Pa mapangidwe mitengo zimakhudza zinthu, Mlengi wa mtundu amadziwika ntchito zida (sayansi), khalidwe la zipangizo. Mwachitsanzo, mapanelo wa superalloy nkhani lomwe lili ndi zina chapadera kwambiri ngati mtengo kwambiri kuposa masiku. Mtengo zimakhudza khalidwe la pamwamba gululi. Choncho zipangizo yosalala ndi mtengo mu mpumulo, amene zambiri ponena wotsanzira mwala. Gulu ndi yowala, mitundu zimalimbikitsa adzakhala ndi mtengo kuposa kuwala, chifukwa opanga awo amafuna olimba zina za mtundu. Zodula kwambiri kuwamaliza zipangizo za mtundu uwu ndi anthu amene wosanjikiza zothinanitsa kuti mumakhala.

Miyalayo yokumba

Nkhanizi kuwamaliza simulates pamwamba lubwe. Izo ntchito yopanga nsonga tebulo, zenera sills, mapanelo yaing'ono. Iwo akhoza milled, kudula, wonyezimira. Chifukwa amapangidwa ndi zingalowe chosakanizira, mmene mitundu yosiyanasiyana wapadera filler, mwachitsanzo, GRANATEX 350, 400, 500 ndi utomoni wa POLYLITE 32166-16. Ndisonyezeni koyamba kusanganikirana popanda kuyamwa. Pa nthawi imeneyi, filler particles kukhala yonyowa. Kenako, osakaniza lidawonjezeredwa chothandizira ( "Butanox M50 ') ndi lonse osokonezeka kachiwiri pansi zingalowe m'malo. Ndondomeko mobwerezabwereza 2-3 pa mphindi 15. Unyinji yomalizidwa udzathiridwa mu mawonekedwe wapadera ndi burashi mlingo wapadera pamwamba. Achisanu tsamba yokumba lubwe ndi kupukutidwa pogwiritsa ntchito makina kupukuta. Chabwino chiphunzitso zikuchokera: utomoni - 35-40% filler - 60-65% chothandizira anali - 1.5-2%.

Terms of mwala chisamaliro potsanzira

Pafupifupi onse liza zipangizo motengera mwala achilengedwe, ndi avale zosagwira zakuthupi. Iwo anali zosavuta kusamalira. Nkhanizi ndi amphamvu kwambiri, cholimba, kugonjetsedwa ndi maganizo makina.

Potsanzira mwala sangakhoze zochepa chabe, kuchapa detergents aukali. Izo ziyenera nthawi kutsukidwa ndi nsalu zofewa.

Kupanga mwala yokumba ndi manja awo

Pali wina onyenga mwala. manja ake akhoza kupereka mwala yokumba anapanga konkire. mtengo wake udzakhala pang'ono kuposa potsanzira pulasitala, koma angagwiritsidwe ntchito osati ulemerero wa mkati, komanso wapakamwa cladding. Ndiponso ntchito zokongoletsa malo. Konkire anapanga "boulders" kapena matailosi kuti otsanzira pamwamba pa mwala achilengedwe.

Pakuti kayeseleledwe muyenera kuchidziwa ndi luso ndi kupeza popanga zipangizo. yokumba mwala kupanga luso konkire si wosiyana kwambiri kuchokera njira zotsimikizira ochiritsira amaika mumsewu slabs. Zipangizo zotsatirazi ziyenera aphunzira:

• amatha kuumba Polyurethane mosiyanasiyana osiyana ndi masanjidwe;
• polimbikitsa zizindikiro apamwamba;
• anasefa mchenga chabwino;
• madzi oyera;
• wapadera kumasulidwa wothandizira amene kumathandiza kukakamira pa yankho ku nkhungu. Kulibe mungagwiritse ntchito wamba injini mafuta.

Makamaka n'kuukanda simenti. Molingana ake 1: 3. mawonekedwe Polyurethane yaikidwa pa lathyathyathya pamwamba, malaya awo ndi makoma lamkati la kulekanitsa zikuchokera ndi njira katundu udzathiridwa. Ndi spatula ndi misa simenti-mchenga pang'ono tikaumbike kuchotsa thovu agwidwa mu mpweya. Pamwamba wosanjikiza mosamala angaimbidwenso.

Pambuyo solidification wa njira mtundu wa mwaukhondo apangidwe ndi wokonzeka mwala yokumba mosavuta anapambulwa pa izo. akusowekapo awa ayenera kukhala bwinobwino youma ndi kujambula mu mtundu ankafuna. Kuti kayeseleledwe zambiri mwala lachibadwa anasankha mtundu madzi zosagwira utoto malankhulidwe achilengedwe. Billets utoto mu angapo zigawo ndi mfuti kutsitsi. Izi zisanachitike, pamwamba pa onyenga dedusted nsalu youma. Kuti mwala yokumba konkire zachilengedwe zambiri mawonekedwe kukulitsa akhoza utoto chodera. Amagwiritsidwanso zambiri kukopedwa pa kompyuta kuti specks osiyana, mitsempha ndi mawonekedwe ena motengera imodzi kapena zina mwala achilengedwe.

Kupanga gypsum mwala potsanzira

Pakuti yopanga nsalu imeneyi ayenera kugula wapadera amatha kuumba polyurethane ndi gypsum kusinthidwa. Pali ndondomeko okhwima yokonza njira. Gypsum anawonjezera kuti madzi, osati madzi pulasitala. Ndi yogwira zonse, yankho mwamsanga congeals. N'chifukwa chake pa nthawi, osakaniza onse pa 1-3 akusowekapo. The chiŵerengero cha osakaniza youma ndi madzi zimadalira kalasi ya gypsum. Pankhaniyi, mbali thicker, mphamvu adzakhala mwala yokumba. Monga ulamuliro, njira yabwino ndi kugwirizana akufanana wandiweyani kirimu. Kuti tizikonda mphamvu ya gypsum mwala onyenga njira akhoza zidzawonjezedwa kwa pafupifupi 10% mchenga.

Mofulumira kupanga onyenga anawonjezera kuti ndi plasticizers njira monga citric acid kapena PVA ulimbo. Iwo kuteteza oipa mofulumira ndi gypsum misa, amene amalola ndi ambiri miyala nthawi yomweyo.

The osakaniza chifukwa udzathiridwa mu zisamere pachakudya. padziko mosamala angaimbidwenso. Patapita mphindi 30-40 miyala onyenga ayenera kukhala ozizira. The akusowekapo solidified mosavuta amachotsedwa polyurethane nkhungu. Amatumizidwa kuti ziume kwa maola angapo.

Kuti mupeze wachikuda yokumba mwala pulasitala osakaniza anawonjezera kufunika akuda pigment mthunzi. A mitundu bwinobwino analandira ndi kudetsa Buku miyala pambuyo kuyanika. Chotero kayeseleledwe Pambuyo kuyanika yokutidwa ndi madzi matte varnish.