Features ndi makhalidwe a despotism. Ancient kum'maŵa despotism. Despotism - ndi ...

Mawu "Democracy" pa milomo ya anthu ambiri, koma anthu ambiri sadziwa tanthauzo lenileni la mawu ndi ntchito moyenera ndi kwathunthu. Pansipa ife ifotokoza zimene despotism monga anamasulira mawu zinthu zosiyanasiyana, nanga tingachidziwe.

Despotism - ndi chiyani ichi?

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi zomwe zikufotokozera ambiri a mawu. Choncho despotism - yeniyeni mtundu wa boma pamene mphamvu zonse ziri yekha mfumu. Mphamvu zoterozo si motsatira malamulo, boma lachifumu zambiri cholowa ndiponso malamulo wolamulira, modalira zida usilikali-boma.

Nthawi zambiri, despotism anakumana ngati boma mu ufumu wakale. Mwachitsanzo, mu Igupto, Asuri, Perisiya, Babulo, China, India. Mwachibadwa, mu nkhani iyi mawu despot lamulo ndipo sanali takambirana. Mu despotism anatenga malamulo ambiri opusa ndi wamagazi. Zimenezi n'zosadabwitsa, wolamulira wa munthu amalambira. A chitsanzo chapadera cha ichi - Aigupto. Ngakhale pambuyo pa imfa ya Farao anali wofanana ndi Mulungu, ndipo analipira ulemu kwa maulemu yoyenera. Ngakhale kuti mphamvu ya despot anali de A jure malire, de facto, chirichonse chinali cholakwika. ntchito za despot anali okha ndipo nthawi zambiri subordinated zinthu za bwalo yopapatiza ya amazikonda anthu otchuka. Choncho, despotism - mawonekedwe yabwino ya boma elites ndipo kawirikawiri coexists ndi oligarchy lapansi.

Taganizirani mfundo "wakale despotism kum'maŵa"

Lingaliro despotism Oriental amapita ngakhale ku Herodotus - bambo wa mbiri. Iye anafotokoza kuti mukupatsidwa olamulira sali chabe mipingo chatsekedwa, zazikulu ndi zazing'ono, koma analamulanso anthu kukhala okha yaikulu, manda lalikulu ndi manda. Lingaliro la wakale despotism kalelo anali ndi makhalidwe ena. Choncho mutu wa boma, ndi muweruzi za bwalo ndi mwini wake wa chilamulo chilengedwe anali wolamulira wankhanza. Iye anali kupembedzedwa, amalambira Iye ankadedwa ndi adawopa. Mtundu wa boma anali, kumene, monarchist ndi mphamvu anali cholowa. Koma despot sanathe kudzilamulira popanda kuthandizidwa ndi mphamvu zida ramified utsogoleri. Ankafunika kusamalira anthu anthuwo bwino, amene kale anapanga wosanjikiza osiyana, osati kutchula kwathunthu-anapanga katundu lochitira. Komanso, ngakhale Kale anthu East inkayenda ndipo anapeza zinthu zimene gwero ngakhale lero. Mwachitsanzo, wakhala kusiyanitsidwa, ndipo aliyense stratum chikhalidwe osati nawo malo awo mu utsogoleri wolowezana, koma ananenanso kwa chipembedzo chake, ufulu ndi udindo. Ndi pa maziko akanakhoza kutenga mawonekedwe ndi pachimake chiwawa mtundu zoyambira despotism wa Ancient East.

Ufumu wolowezana wa magulu wakale East

Ponena za anthu a East wakale, sitingathe kunyalanyaza chinthu choterocho chikhalidwe monga akapolo. Nthawi zambiri zinali otchedwa ukapolo m'banja, pamene kapolo anali chuma cha banja yaikulu. Komanso, akapolo ntchito molimbika zovuta kachisi zomangamanga, m'minda. Amene anakhala kapolo?

Mfundo kapolo akhoza kukhala aliyense. Nthawi zambiri, stratum izi chikhalidwe kudzadza akaidi. Koma chigweranso kuti kapolo akhale mfulu. Ukapolo umenewu ngongole. The zambiri kukhala polojekitiyo zazikulu mmene anapeza ngongole ukapolo. Ngati ife kulankhula za ukapolo ambiri, ku Iguputo ndiponso China kumayambiriro kwa zaka 2-3, ngakhale kulenga misika kumene akapolo anagulitsidwa okha kuti zigwirizane zokonda onse. Mtumiki akhoza kugula ngakhale mbusa, munda kapena mmisiri mediocre. Ndi mbali ya mbali ya despotism. Zonsezi zikuloza kwa sikelo yaikulu kwambiri malonda a akapolo.

mbali khalidwe la despotism Oriental

Choyamba, ndi okhutira achipembedzo cha mphamvu wankhanza wolamulira. Mfumu pansi despotism amaona nakhalanso Mulungu, umunthu. Choncho, mphamvu zake kwapatsidwa mwa wina kuposa Wamphamvuyonse, ndipo panali mtheradi.

Mfumu ankaona woweruza okha muyeso wa kumbali ya kuchita chilichonse. Izi zikunena zonse: pa ubwenzi ndi mfumu udindo wake. Chotero chiphunzitso cha vuto la magetsiwa kugwirizanitsa anthu a. Ndipo ogwirizana. Ndipotu, ngati mphamvu imene mfumu kachiwiri, ngati iyo inapatsidwa kwa iye ndi Mulungu, mosiyana ndi kazembe ndi chabe wopanda pake. Ndi zopusa, chifukwa mphamvu ya umulungu, ndi tanthauzo, wanzeru ndi umalimbana ndi zaboma zabwino. Choncho, mphamvu ya despot ndipo ndinawasunga, anthu ali ndi mantha chabe kupita ulamuliro wake. Makamaka popeza ankaona kuti wina kuposa mkulu wa ansembe kapena mutu wa lonse ansembe wolowezana. Taonani zina mbali khalidwe la despotism.

Ntchito ya despot monga mtsogoleri wa utsogoleri wolowezana ansembe,

Iye anali ndi ufulu kugwira miyambo ya chipembedzo zonse zokhudza kubadwa ndipo chonde mkombero. Nthawi zina, wolamulira Mwinanso kufafaniza kulambira milungu okalamba ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa chipembedzo chatsopano kwathunthu (monga chinachitika ku Iguputo).

Koma kodi Mulimonsemo sayenera mwachita akulamulira mfumu - ndi kutenga nawo miyambo kugwirizana ndi imfa. Ichi chinali mwina chifukwa chakuti mphamvu za Mulungu ankanyamula wabwino yekha, koma kupambana, koma osati kubzala imfa ndi chisoni. Komanso, nthawi zina olamulira anayambitsa mpatuko zawo. Izi zinadzetsa kuganiza wokhulupirika, kupatulika kwa mkulu wa thupi. Choncho, pofuna angayelekezedwe mwano, malankhulidwe ndi Mulungu (kapena milungu) ndipo analangidwa kwambiri kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, amene umapha unlucky akanakhoza kuphedwa, tulutsani, ndi zina zotero. Koma si zonse anali yosalala.

Golden khola kwa despot ndi

Despotism si chitetezo chokwanira. Mfumu ankakhala mu khola golide, monga kumachititsanso zoletsa zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, moyo wake malamulo okhwima okhudza nyumba zodyera, misonkhano tsankho. Kawirikawiri, izi zonse pofuna kuteteza mfumu wopatulika. Komabe, nthawi zina amapha kazembe akhoza kungoyankha chifukwa, monga nyenyezi, ndi moyo wake padziko lapansi anatsirizika. Sikuti chifukwa chake makhoti nthawizonse zakhala wamatsenga-yamaula. wolamulira aliyense anali ndi chidwi mmene kudzapeza ndi wambwebwe prolongs moyo wake. Chifukwa, ndi okhulupirira nyenyezi anasewera mbali ya "makadinala imvi" monga ankadalira iwo, zodabwitsa, moyo wa mkulu theka-Mulungu.

Ife tiona mbali ya mphamvu wankhanza mfumu

udindo wake analibe chochita ndi chizindikiritso cha wolamulira ndi boma lokha. Zimangotengera malo ake pakati pa mabungwe ena mokakamizidwa. Ndipo komabe mphamvu zake sizinali choncho malire. Mwachitsanzo, bwanamkubwa anagonjera malamulo ndi malamulo adapereka kale. Inde, kazembe adzakhazikitsa malamulo atsopano a moyo, amvekere ndi malamulo, koma pa nthawi yomweyo, malamulo amenewa anali zofooka.

Makamaka, iwo sayenera kutsutsa chikhazikitso cha anthu. Chitsanzo chabwino zingakhale Indiya. Pamene nduna ndi akhoza kumupatsa malamulo, iwo sanali mwanjira iliyonse ikukhudzana bwanji ndi kuyan'anila za dongosolo Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira ndi njira ya moyo ya anthu, zokhudza chikhulupiriro. Ndithu chidwi ndi funso la amene wasankha, limafanana ndi lamulo za milungu kapena kuphwanya izo. Ngakhale ku Babulo watengera malamulo ayenera sizikusemphana ndi mfundo mwambo wa lamulo. Ngakhale malamulo loyamba la malamulo analengedwa pofuna kuteteza malamulo miyambo ku zochitika latsopano zowononga anthu a.

Ine kuweruza despot?

Komanso, mphamvu despot a siyikhuzana ufulu milandu. Iye anali kusakhulupirika muweruzi chilungamo. Iye akanakhoza kundikhululukira akhadawisa kuti amulanga chifukwa chilichonse. Nthawi zina pali mtundu wa chilungamo achifumu, mwachitsanzo, woimira m'makhoti amenewa anali Solomo. Choncho, despotism - nthawi zambiri osati tanthauzo la mawu anthu.