Faceted Komiti ya Moscow Kremlin

Pakati pa boma la Russia, mwa akachisi a Cathedral Square, ili wamkulu mu Moscow (osati kuwerengera kosungira breech pabwalo) mwala kumanga kopita woganizirana - Faceted Komiti. Mpaka XV atumwi Muscovy anamanga makamaka nkhuni, koma 1462 pa Grand Duke Ivan III atadziika yekha "Tsar wa Russia" ndipo anayamba kumanga nyumba yatsopano yachifumu - mwala. Omangira oyamba amenewa anali Palace ya Mbali mu boma la Russia. Chambers m'masiku amenewo anatchedwa danga anafuna maphwando ndi madyerero.

Mu Moscow, anaitanidwa wamanga lankhondo la Milan a Marco Ruffo. The wamanga ankachita nawo kuchotsa nyumba yachifumu matabwa pa mwala. Mu Russia Ruffo msanga ikutchedwa Markom Fryazinym pa mawu "fryag, fryaz" - ". Mlendo" The moyo kulenga wa katswiri wa zomangamanga zinali zomvetsa chisoni. Ambiri anamanga nyumba zawo anapulumuka, pafupifupi ntchito anayambika ndi Mark anatitumiza kenako mapulani ena. Zinali nazonso ndi Faceted Komiti.

Fryazin anayamba kumanga 1487, ndinaganiza malo lonse, mapulani zikuchokera zaka zitatu ntchito pa mwaluso, koma pa zifukwa zosadziwika, anali anachotsedwa ntchito. Anamaliza pomanga nyumba 1491, wina wa ku Italy - Pietro Antonio Solari, dzina Muscovites Mosakhalitsa linasinthidwa ndi kukhala Petro Fryazin.

Solari anafika ku Moscow kenako compatriot, koma anasangalala chikondi cha mfumu, ndipo malinga ndi zina, mwalamulo ankaona wamanga mkulu wa mzinda. Faceted Komiti alitcha dzina ku Italy. Ulemerero wa wapakamwa kum'mawa kwa katswiri wa zomangamanga ntchito ndi khalidwe la zomangamanga ku Italy phwando nthawi - ". Wanzeru dzimbiri" Mu kusanjika miyala ikuluikulu ndi yosema mu mawonekedwe a mapiramidi lalikulu facepiece ankagwiritsa ntchito. "Faceted" miyala unagawanika mayendedwe mosabisa, kupanga sewero lachinsinsi la kuunika ndi mthunzi.

nyumbayi anamangidwira pamalo kumene kunaima Nyumbayi Ivana Kality ndi wotchedwa Dmitry Donskoy Palace. Iwo ali apansi awiri amene osalumikidwa ndi mzake. Lero, chipinda cha mpandowachifumu akupezeka pa nyumba ya Grand Kremlin Palace, mu nthawi ya Ivan III mu Nyumba anatsogolera chachikulu staircase ndi otchedwa Red Khumbi. Mu 30s Mu zaka zapitazo khonde anawonongedwa, koma mu zaka 90 mazana makumi awiri, masiku ano mwala carvers mosamala anamanganso motsatira zikalata archival. Faceted Komiti kangapo anasintha maonekedwe ake, koma cholinga chake monga wamkulu mkulu wa holo wofanana. Pali anavekedwa tsar Russian mafumu, anatenga oimira ku Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Persia ndi Turkey, anapatsidwa akazembe siliva wolemekezeka.

zinthu zonse zikuluzikulu za moyo wa dziko: ndi adani a Kazan Ivanom Groznym, Poltava kupambana kwa asilikali a Peter Ine, mwana Borisa Godunova chinkhoswe - zachulukazi ndi chizindikiro zobiriwira maola 5-6 Chakudya mu Palace ya Mbali. Apa anakhala ndi Boyar Duma ndi Zemsky Sobor, kutenga zochita mbiri.

Kumpando mchipindacho kwa nthawi yaitali holo yaikulu kwambiri mu Russia ndi wakhala wolemekezeka mwanaalirenji. Kuwonjezeka frescoes choyambirira cha m'ma XVII abwezeretsedwa, kenako laimu wokutidwa ndi veleveti. Lero, chipinda amaoneka ngati galasi bokosi makoma zokongola yokutidwa ndi zojambula Palekh Belousov (chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi atumwi), pansi - opukutidwa parquet 16 wapatali mtengo - chifukwa cha kubwezeretsa ntchito zikuluzikulu ndipo anamaliza mu 2012.

Mapulani chipilala ndi mbali ya okhala mutsogoleli wadziko Russian. Izo ntchito pokha pokha kwambiri, misonkhano yapadera ndipo madyerero anthu. Mu 2012, boma la Russia ndi Faceted Komiti nthawi yoyamba mu mbiri yake 500 chaka, anatsegula zitseko zake kwa alendo.