The magalimoto yoyamba padziko lonse

Ndi momwemo chinachitika kuti mbiri ya ntchito atulukira zazikulu zambiri zotsatira mu unyolo zofanana. Chifukwa cha mwangozi banal ndi magalimoto choyamba.

Kuti amange "kudziletsa injini ophimba" maloto malingaliro ambiri. Leonardo da Vinci ntchito pa zojambula za galimoto yoyamba. ngolo wake ndi galimoto masika mu Kubadwa Kwatsopano nawo parades ndi zikondwerero wowerengeka. Asayansi Florence mu 2004 kulengedwanso kapangidwe Da Vinci ku kupulumuka zojambula ndipo zithunzi. Izi zikutsimikizira bwino kuti magalimoto loyamba tikhoza kukhala mu nthawi ya zatsopano kwambiri.

Koma kasupe pagalimoto Italy sanali olimba mtima mu kudalirika kwa limagwirira lapansi. Ntchito kukhala zitsanzo patsogolo kwambiri anapitiriza. Ndipo anapeza wotsatira unali atayamba Russian makaniko Polzunova makina basi nthunzi. Palokha, makina chikubwera, koma anatha kusintha mafuta mphamvu mu mphamvu ikukhudzana womwe chinathandiza ndondomeko ya vaporization mu kukatentha lapansi. peyala A angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa nzeru zawo. Pamaziko a injini nthunzi Polzunova French zatsopano N. Cugnot analenga kudziletsa injini ophimba. Ndi ntchito ngati galimoto kwa zoyendera mfuti. Ngolo ndi nthunzi atakhala kulemera ndi kukula akhoza kupikisana ndi magalimoto amakono. Kodi ndalama zokha mafuta ndi kulemera kwa madzi chofunika ndi kayendedwe ake. Ndi kulemera kumeneku kwa liwiro woyamba galimoto pafupifupi ukufika 4 Km / h.

Nthunzi injini ankabwerera osati mwa alendo. Ivan Kulibin, wotchuka anayambitsa kudziona anaphunzitsa, ndipo ntchito yokulitsa galimoto. mamangidwe ake anali mwaukadaulo zovuta kuposa ku France. Mu mayendedwe ngolo-kulibinskoy samokatke anali kwambiri kuchepetsa koyefishienti mikangano, ndi handwheel, kulola chodziwa zolowa kutsinde ananyema ndipo ngakhale semblance wa gearbox ndi. Komabe, magalimoto woyamba Kulibina sanapezeke tiligwiritse ntchito.

Anayenera mbiri ya galimoto ndipo chinali injini nthunzi ngati Gottlieb Daimler ndi Karl Benz sanalenge injini mafuta. Kumene, kuperekedwa mokwanira kuti amuna kwambiri, ulemerero wa mkati injini kuyaka anatulukira pa kungakhale kulakwa. Kum'lakwira othandiza zina 400, kuphatikizapo injiniya Nicholas Otto, anapatsidwa setifiketi ya injini kuyaka mkati.

Ice anali kuoneka inasintha mbiri ya makina kudziletsa injini. Tsopano Karl Benz , kapena zochepa molondola ankaimira zimene galimoto yoyamba akhoza kukhazikitsa okha nkhani. Mu 1886, Benz zapatentovyvaet chilengedwe chake chatsopano - wosadziletsa injini ophimba. Monga chikuchititsa zonsezi ntchito injini mafuta. N'zochititsa wina mlengi German, Gottlieb Daimler, amalenga adalira chomwecho. Pankhaniyi woyamba ankagwira ntchito paokha. Ngakhale kuti chaka pamaso Daimler analenga carburetor woyamba ndi njinga yamoto, galimoto zatsopano n'kukhutira ali chimodzimodzi Benz.

The magalimoto woyamba anali Karla Bentsa atatu Wheeler awiri ngolo. M'malo akavalo, iwo abwera madzi utakhazikika magalimoto mafuta engine. injini anaikidwa mu malo yopingasa pamwamba pa chitsulo chogwira matayala kumbuyo. The makokedwe opatsirana kuti chitsulo chogwira matayala njira ziwiri unyolo ndi kufala lamba. Kuyamba injini mlengi anapereka batire galvanic. Ngakhale kuti chimango galimoto wapangidwa ndi machubu zitsulo ndipo anali osalimba kwambiri, ndi liwiro pazipita limene dalaivala chikanathandiza si upambana 16 Km / h, zinali patsogolo chogwirika mu mbiri zomangamanga. Ndi oyeretsa izi kenako zinathandiza okonza kulenga mkulu-liwiro magalimoto amakono.