Matabwa truss zomangidwa ndi manja ake: kamangidwe, mawerengedwe

N'zosatheka kukayikira kudalirika kwa denga ndi imodzi mwa makhalidwe ake ofunika kwambiri. Pa mtima izi mamangidwe bodza truss onyamula munda. unsembe wawo angatchedwe ndi udindo ndi yolemetsa ntchito kuti amapereka zolondola kuwerengetsera. Mtanda dongosolo ayenera kukumana ndi kulemera zofunda zipangizo, kutchinjiriza, sheathing ndi mpweya monga ayezi ndi chipale chofewa. Poganizira mfundozi onse, kudenga apatsidwe mphamvu pazipita. Iwo zingabweretse lokha, koma ichi nkofunika kuganizira dera lomwe nyumba inamangidwa, komanso onse mbali yake, kuphatikizapo mphepo ndi matalala katundu. Izi muyenera kukhala seismicity m'dera ndi nyumba.

kamangidwe

zitsulo zopangira denga kudzanso Wood anasonkhana ku atapachikidwa matabwa slanted mauerlat, lokwera mtengo, braces, braces opendekera ndi struts. United mbali kupanga denga zitsulo zopangira denga kudzanso, omwe ali ndi maonekedwe a kansalu kapena Triangles angapo inakula. Kuchitira mbali ya kapangidwe denga - kudenga ndi dongosolo, amene amatchedwanso mtanda. Mbali pa zomwe anaika, limafanana otsetsereka denga la nyumba.

Matabwa munda ndi manja ake anapanga pa njira, imene imakhudza unsembe wa kudenga pa mauerlat ili pa khoma. Izi ndi zofunikira chifukwa ngakhale kulemera kugawa. Mu gawo chapamwamba olumikiza malekezero a kudenga ndi kupima otsiriza a wotchedwa podkonkovym bar. Mu gawo ili la kavalo ndi denga. Mtunda pakati pa kudenga la denga ayenera kutsimikiza mtima ndi makhalidwe a zinthu zitsulo zopangira denga kudzanso gawo, ndi zinthu zina. chizindikiro ichi siyana kuchokera 0,8 2 m.

Kodi china chimene muyenera kudziwa za kamangidwe ka zitsulo zopangira denga kudzanso denga

Matabwa munda, monga tatchulazi, tichipeza kudenga. Iwo adzaikidwe kufanana kwa malo otsetsereka, ngati ntchitoyo amachita kupatulapo kuchimwa dongosolo chotsekeracho. Pankhani kuthamanga, iwo anaphedwa mu mawonekedwe a mtengo mtanda kuti chimafikira longitudinally kuchokera kumwamba. Pofuna kuthandiza girders ntchito yomanga truss ndi mizati ndi sleepers. Zigawo podstropilnoy munda - izo struts, ndi kuyamika linawathandiza kuti mtendere wa kudenga.

kuwerengetsera

Mawerengedwe a munda matabwa, ndithudi, bwino kumanzere kwa akatswiri, m'kupita kwa maphunziro awa ayenera kumwedwa nkhani katundu, ndipo amatchedwa okhazikika komanso kanthawi wapadera. Monga constituent woyamba amachita kulemera denga mkate. Koma katundu yamoyo - ichi mvula nyengo ndi kulemera kwa anthu amene akhoza kukwera kwa denga kwa kukonza. Izi pazikhalanso komanso mphepo china.

katundu wapadera ndi amene anakumana ndi kumanga m'madera chiopsezo zivomerezi. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri ndi kuwerengera chisanu katundu, amene anachita mwa njira: S = SG × M, pali SG - ndi unyinji wa chisanu katundu pa mita lalikulu. chizindikiro ichi pokhapo titachitapo ndi phindu anatsimikiza mtima ndi gome, malingana ndi dera. Pankhani khalidwe μ, ndi chinthu malingana mbali ya ndingaliro ya denga. Pofuna kudziwa katundu mphepo, muyenera kudziwa zone ili nyumba, zikhoza kukhala malo lotseguka kapena chitukuko m'tawuni.

yomanga matabwa truss kuchita masamu, komanso potengera ubwino normative wa katundu mphepo mu chigawo chomwe mufuna. M'pofunika kuganizira kutalika kwa nyumbayi. Koma kuti aone mtunda pakati kudenga ayenera kudziwa gawo lawo ndi lalitali. Ngati matabwa gawo ndi 8x10 cm, ndi kutalika kwa kudenga si oposa 3 m, mtunda wa pakati pa zinthu zofanana afike masentimita 120. Mwa kuwonjezera mtengo mtanda gawo cm 8x18 ndi kutalika kwa kudenga kutali 4m ndi wofanana ndi masentimita 140. Monga mtengo pazipita amachita gawo umene uli wofanana 10x20 cm, ndi zitsulo zopangira denga kudzanso kutalika sayenera oposa 6 m, mtunda adzakhala wofanana ndi masentimita 140 pakati pawo.

Koma zinthu zina za dongosolo denga, ndiye ayenera kukhala zigawo izi: mauerlat - 15x15 kapena 10x15, opendekera kudenga - 10x20, kumanga - 5x15, struts - 10x10, ndi kuthamangira omalizira a zigawo.

Nkofunika kudziwa-gawo mtanda crossbars ndi matabwa akhungu ulusi, m'nkhani yoyamba, mtengo uwu udzakhala 10x15, pamene lachiwiri - 2,5x10 masentimita Ngati inu kuikidwa denga zitsulo zopangira denga kudzanso mtengo, inu mosavuta awerengere nambala chofunika wa zinthu, podziwa gawo la kudenga ndi kutalika. . Nkofunika kudziwa komanso unsembe sitepe.

Yopanga zitsulo zopangira denga kudzanso denga

Mu gawo loyamba muyenera kulenga mbuye Chinsinsi limene ntchito zina idzachitike. Kudenga ndi kapangidwe chomwecho, kotero Chinsinsi akhoza kukupulumutsani nthawi komanso khama. matabwa awiri pa m'mphepete wina msomali kuti chikugwirizana, chifukwa ndi mamangidwe omwe awoneka ngati peyala ya lumo. Pamene anaphedwa, matabwa munda ndi manja ake, m'mbali ufulu wa lumo analandira kukhazikitsa zogwiriziza pa mfundo kudenga Kusinthaku. Izi kudziwa kupatuka adzakhala ndi limbikitsa denga.

An awiri zina la misomali chidzalimbikitsa ngodya chimene chili pakati pa matabwa. Pa nthawi imeneyi, zikhoza kapadera kuti M'manja ndi wokonzeka. Komanso, inu mukhoza kukonza mothandizidwa ndi bala yopingasa. Mbali sanasinthe pansi pa katundu, mowa akhoza atathana ndi zomangira.

The njira ya ntchito

Ngati inu konzani truss matabwa, ndiye chisamaliro ayenera kumwedwa polenga M'manja, ngakhale ngati izo ndi zolakwika kochepa, lonse wosalimba dongosolo. Mu sitepe yotsatira muyenera kuchita Chinsinsi latsopano kwa yokonza mfuti pa miyambo ya dongosolo. Iwo ayenera kuti asungidwe 0.5 masentimita plywood kwa akukonzekera bolodi ndi ntchito, makulidwe amene ali 2.5 cm.

Pomaliza

Mfuti ayenera kusankhidwa, amaganizira mtanda gawo la kudenga. Pamene zitsulo zopangira denga kudzanso ndi mtengo, mothandizidwa ndi okonzeka zopangidwa zidindo kungakhale mfuti ndi kuyamba kusonkhanitsa munda.