Kodi kupanga ikukonzekera njinga yamoto "Ural" ndi manja ake

Zamoto "Ural" kwa zaka 70 zonse otchuka. Good chisamaliro ndi ikukonzekera njinga yamoto "Ural" adzaonetsetsa iye moyo wautali. Pali zibonga lonse ndi chuma Intaneti odzipereka kwa wamakono zitsanzo Soviet ndi Russian. Kwa zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri, zikwi mayunitsi aona limasinthira ndi kukweza.

Kodi izo zonse zinayamba

Wobala njinga zamoto ku Russia, kapena kani, mu Soviet Union anayamba mu mochedwa 20 ntchentche Mu zaka zapitazo. Chitsanzo "IL" ndi "PMR" adapanga mlengi Mozharova, anali aakulu ndi yaikulu extruded chimango galimoto 1200 cubes kunyengezera Koma malita 24 okha. a. Choncho kale pa 60 Km / h controllability mbisoweka.

Ndiye, molingana ndi Baibulo limodzi, chitukuko lachitatu chipani ankagwiritsa ntchito. Mu chisanadze nkhondo Germany anali kupezeka ndi zitsanzo zingapo njinga yamoto BMW R-71 ndi kujambula iwo. Malinga ndi Baibulo chachiwiri, njinga zamoto otchezedwa ku Sweden. Kuziphwasula ndi kusintha magalimoto German ndi zenizeni Soviet, anayamba kutulutsa makina pa Moscow ndi Gorky mbewu. Pa nkhondo, kusindikiza anali anasamutsidwa kuti Irbit, m'chigawo Sverdlovsk.

Mulimonse mmene zinakhalira, ndi German R-71 anali kholo la mndandanda M-72. Soviet ofanana sanali buku wodzala BMW: m'malo limodzi litayamba zowalamulira akonzedwa ziwiri litayamba, buku thanki tsopano wamkulu zida chiŵerengero kuchuluka, bwino kuthetsa wamba lero dziko mavuto athu. Tikhoza kunena kuti ichi chinali ikukonzekera woyamba "Ural". Pa nthawi imeneyo, ngakhale "Ural" ndi "Irbit". Only ndi zitsanzo za M-62 njinga zamoto anapeza dzina lake mpaka kalekale.

bwino nkhani

Wachiwiri World nkhondo momveka bwino kuti mayunitsi njinga yamoto ndi ubwino wakuti nkhondo. Mobile ngolo akhoza msanga kusamukira 3 asilikali ndi mfuti ya makina, kuchita ntchito lachitatu chipani. Chifukwa chaichi Wabwino M-72, amene chikalata kwa zaka 40.

Nkhondo itatha, fakitare akulandira kuti ulimi wa zitsanzo asilikali, lowonjezera ndi mfuti ya makina cradles PKMB 7,62 kapena ATRA m'malo. Unagwiranso njinga zamoto chifukwa ndikulondera IMZ-8.1233 payekha DPS, anagona, masewera, kuyenda (IMZ-8.103-40 "alendo").

Udindo wa "Ural" tsopano

Mpaka chiyambi cha nineties zochitika wowopsa linatulutsidwa pafupifupi mamiliyoni atatu mayunitsi. Utatha za malo Union padagwedezeka mbewu. Kugula mphamvu alionse ali anagwera, mafakitale ku dziko anatsekedwa ndipo anagulitsidwa kuchokera. Mwamwayi, tsoka unenviable anapambana "Ural". anapitiriza kupanga. Awa anali makamaka njinga zamoto ndi sidecar (zoyendetsedwa kapena ayi), ndi 4-sitiroko awiri yamphamvu ankhonya injini mphamvu 745 "cubes" ndi mphamvu ya 40 "akavalo", kuphatikiza 4 amathandizanso ndi kuigonjetsa.

Kuyambira cha m'ma 90 mu njinga yamoto kapangidwe "Ural" pafupifupi mbali zonse bwino kapena m'malo ndi atsopano. Polemekeza chikumbutso 70 la mbewu mu Irbit opangidwa akweza zitsanzo, imodzi yabwino - njinga yamoto "Ural" mu ikukonzekera M70 Sidecar.

Sale zitsanzo opangidwa kale mu Russia, osati mu USSR, umalimbana kumayiko ena. 97% zitsanzo zonse mbewu anagulitsa mu US, Europe, Canada, Australia. Monga mmodzi wa misika kwambiri zingamuthandize imatengedwa Asia: Japan ndi Korea. M'mayikowa, sitingakhutitsidwe mpikisano mu njinga yamoto kagawo kakang'ono ndi sidecar, koma pali kufunika a. China monga kumsika popeza '50s umabala chifanizo cha M 72 pansi pa amati ndi buku a BMW.

"Ural" - Soviet Harley

Imeneyi ndi awiri mawiro makina zoweta kupanga woyenera ankaona m'malo "Harley". N'zoona mokweza, koma ikukonzekera pa "Ural" njinga yamoto limaoneka ngati sipekitiramu lonse, kuti chidwi. Real kuonera "Ural" musanagule galimoto yatsopano chifukwa 300 000 akuthamanga njira yovuta. Zikuyamba ndi zitsanzo za ntchitozo kwa zaka 94. Monga ulamuliro, ndi repainted wagawo ndi mchikuta chosema. Kambiranani za ikukonzekera yoyenera Sikuti. M'madera akumidzi, ndi mulibe

Ambuye odziwa ntchito yovuta kwambiri. Momveka kupukusa chimango, anaika pulagi Japanese, kusintha ankafika, kupukuta ndi utoto injini, angagwirizanitse mapiko latsopano ndi kukula thanki ngakhale ikukonzekera sidecar "Ural" - zonsezi amafuna zinachitikira.

mitundu ikukonzekera

mpheto amenewa Nthawi zambiri zinthu garaja. Ikukonzekera njinga yamoto "Ural", opangidwa ndi manja awo, anawagawa mkati ndi kunja. Mbali yoyamba tikulankhula ntchito pa injini, ndi kukakamiza, zikugwira ntchito carburetor kuwonjezera mafuta, utsi dongosolo, kuyimitsidwa.

Kunja, motero, ntchito pa maganizo a zida ozungulira. kupenta izi, ndi kupukuta ndipo kuwonjezera / kusintha mbali, zipangizo, Optics, mapiko, fairings. Pulayimale akhoza kuika mawilo a utali wozungulira lalikulu, mwachitsanzo, "Moskvich". Koma adzachititsa recalculation wa katundu pa chitsulo chogwira matayala likulu nagawa.

injini

Choncho, muyenera kuyamba injini ikukonzekera njinga yamoto "Ural". Izi ndi mbali yaikulu ya makina. Iwo amasonyeza wamakono ndi chimango ndi kuyimitsidwa, ndipo tidakocheza.

injini atha kukakamizidwa. Koma! Choyamba, kugwira ntchito pa kusintha kamangidwe ka injini zitha kukhala kwambiri oyenerera katswiri pamaso pa makina.

Kachiwiri, zinachitikira mphamvu injini chitsanzo M 63, M-66, M-67 ndi 63K anasonyeza kuti zimenezi zimapangitsa kuti ponso ndi makokedwe pazipita mu zone liwilo. Kaperekedwe unit chifukwa adzakhala wokometsedwa kwa masewera anagona.

Chachitatu, ikukonzekera ya njinga yamoto "Ural" amachitidwa pa injini latsopano kapena pa injini pambuyo kukonza yaikulu.

Chachinayi, kuti kukakamiza ayenera kuwonjezera psinjika chiŵerengero kwa 8.5, zomwe ndiyo kuchotsa pistons kuti "Dnepr" ndipo zinabala awo enieni. Muyeneranso kuwonjezera octeni mlingo wa mafuta ndi 93 pamwambapa.

poyatsira

Zotsatirazi kuchuluka mphamvu ndipo m'malo a pistons zofunika m'malo a mapulagi. Pakuti "Ural" woyenera A20 ndi A17 makandulo lothetselatu nkhanza nkhanza za m'banja kwa "Lada". Ena amisiri kukhazikitsa kandulo zina. Zimenezi mphamvu ya injini imathamanga mkulu, kuchepetsa mowa, ndipo lingakhale m'malo kufulumiza. Koma ndiyenera kugwira ntchito pa chitukuko cha dongosolo la sparking palokha. Pa nthawi yomweyo kusintha mpweya fyuluta, omwe amachepetsa zomvetsa mikangano pa polowera lapansi.

Ngati injini ali wokalamba, ndi zofunika m'malo carburetor ndi kuika injector. N'zotheka kupanga ndiponso ndi manja awo kapena ndi ena thandizo. Ikukonzekera njinga yamoto "Ural" zikhoza kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito jekeseni m'madera a Vaz "khumi"

Pa nthawi yomweyo kuika sitata latsopano. Pakuti IM3 starters abwino kwa bwato Motors "Whirlwind" cha ku Switzerland 353, cha ku Switzerland 367, cha ku Switzerland 369 vazovskaya - 9, 10 ndi zitsanzo 11 a - komanso bwinobwino Integrated mu malo mipukutu yoyambirira yeniyeni.

kuzirala

Ndi kuwonjezera mphamvu ya pistons injini amafuna zina koziziritsira. Vutolo anathana khazikitsa ndi "owonjezera" mpweya intakes. Iwo opangidwa ndi nsalu iliyonse mokwanira amphamvu, ngakhale ku zitini utoto. Nkofunika pano kukonza bwino intakes, koma osati pa olamulira ndi yamphamvu, ndipo pabwino kuti asagwiritse kuthekera m'malo makandulo pa nthawiyi.

Pendulum, nthawi ndi silencers

Ngati manja afikira injini, ndiye kusinthidwa wina, gawo la ikukonzekera njinga yamoto "Ural" ikuchitika ndi manja ake - mpumulo wa flywheel lapansi. Vutolo anathana inabala wogwila. Motero, kulemera kwa njinga yamoto ndi liwiro kuimba nthawi. Akusamala za "watsopano" wa flywheel si chofunika, ngati mwachita bwino.

chimango

Amalemba N'zosavuta kugaya chifukwa nkhaniyo - zitsulo wofatsa. Pakuti mipope ikukonzekera tadulidwa, welded atsopano. Mwina elongation pansi latsopano chiongolero. Kukhazikitsa kumbuyo mantha absorber kwa ankafika lililonse limatisokoneza. Iwo wokwera pa gudumu.

Pa chimango atsopano aikidwa zikuluzikulu thanki. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, kuchotsa mogwirizana bokosi ndi kudula "owonjezera" zitsulo.

Ndipo kumapeto ntchito yonse ndi injini, chimango ndi thanki mukhoza kuyamba kukhazikitsa mpando, ogwiririra, nyali, nyali ananyema ndi zinthu zina. "Ural" Izi ndi ikukonzekera njinga yamoto lapansi.