Danga kafukufuku "Voyager" kapena ulendo wa ku malo interstellar

Danga kafukufuku "Voyager 2" unayambitsidwa August 20, 1977. masabata atatu, iwo unayambitsidwa mchimwene wake ndi chiwerengero 1. Ndipo iye anali mwayi kukhala oyamba padziko lonse lapansi spacecraft, okhoza kugonjetsa malire a dongosolo la zowalitsa. Kumene, zosiyanasiyana siteshoni telesikopu ndi deta processing limakupatsani kuona chilichonse chimene chikuchitika pa mtunda waukulu Earth. Koma tsopano asayansi ndi mwayi kusonkhanitsa mudziwe zambiri.

kuthamanga lingaliro la "Voyager"

Cha m'ma 60 ntchentche. Mu zaka zapitazo, Soviet Union ndi United States zikukangalika kupikisana ndi mnzake mu mawu a ndege mwezi ndi kulowa kanjira pulanetiyo. Patapita nthawi, zinadziwika kuti nawo munthu mu mpikisano wa chitukuko cha chilengedwe ndi zoopsa kwambiri, asayansi n'kupita chitukuko cha zipangizo, kusamalira Autopilot.

Mwachitsanzo, malo zombo ndi anthu mkati sangathe kuyandikira Venus, ndipo makamaka - kumtunda padziko. Pali cheza kwambiri ndi kutentha. Koma deta pa dziko adzatha kusonkhana loboti ndi cholinga chake makamaka. Kotero lingaliro kwa Launch za "Apainiya", ndipo pambuyo pawo ndi "Voyager".

Cholinga cha ofufuza inali yofanana - kusonkhanitsa deta pa danga makamaka thupi, kaya ndi asteroid kapena chimphona mpweya. Ndi malo kafukufuku "Voyager" anali kuphunzira mapulaneti lakutali ku Earth. Konkire lingaliro chifukwa zonsezi ndi zofunika kwa anthu, ayi. Koma zikuoneka kuti zipangizo mudzapeza zinthu zothandiza kuti angathe kuperekedwa kwa Earth ntchito m'tsogolo. Nthawi zambiri, "Voyager" Cholinga kufufuza mfundo kutali dongosolo la zowalitsa.

Ntchito choyambirira cha Space otulukira malo atsopano

The Voyager danga kafukufuku-1, monga, ndithudi, ndi Voyager-2, mwachilungamo mtengo ntchito. N'chifukwa chake Njira yoyamba kuchokera mtengo "Apainiya". Zinasonyeza kuti lamba asteroid kugonjetsa n'zotheka ndithu, ndipo popanda kuwonongeka. Komanso, ife tinapeza kuti Jupiter si amphamvu kwambiri maginito kukopeka ndi zombo angaphunzitse iye.

Woyamba "mpainiya" kale anafika Saturn mu nthawi anapezerapo ndi "Voyager". Iwo anali ndi zolinga ziwiri:

1. Onani zonse zimene kumbuyo lamba asteroid ngati n'kotheka kupita patsogolo mu mlengalenga.
2. Tumizani uthenga ku mitundu ina, ngati kukumana panjira.

Tiyenera mwapadera ntchito yachiwiri. Kukhazikitsa mu mtundu digito pa zipangizo ndi deta za Earth, mbiri ya anthu lajambulidwa moni m'zinenero zambiri. Palinso zithunzi pa chimbale golide kutsogolo kwa mitundu ina anabweretsa zikayenda weniweni wa sayansi Earth, osati zizindikiro achikale. Koma ndani akudziwa zimene anaphunzira uthenga.

Kodi ndi malire a dongosolo la zowalitsa?

Ndipotu zolinga zikuluzikulu danga kafukufuku "Voyager" wachita zaka zoposa 20 zapitazo. Izo zinachitika pamene Voyager-2 zapita Neptune ndi kuyanjana naye kufikira 40 chikwi. Km. Koma, oddly mokwanira, sitima aja, nthawi iliyonse kukutumizirani Lapansi ndi deta kwambiri. Zinali zoonekeratu kuti mafoni posapita nthawi kugonjetsa dongosolo dzuwa, koma palibe amene ankadziwa pamene zidzachitikadi. Izi zinathandiza kwambiri komanso ndi kuti, zoona, palibe wasayansi sanathe molondola kudziwa malire ake.

Ena akhala akunama kuti "Voyager 1" anasiya dongosolo dzuwa zaka 300, kapena kuposa. The chifukwa zikhoza kukhala kuti malo zinyalala, fumbi ndi cheza kufufuta wagawo mu ufa. mfundo ndi yakuti poyamba, pambuyo kugonjetsa Neptune, zombo anayamba m'mbuyo. Koma patapita nthawi iyi, mpaka kukafika mtunda kuchokera Sun sangabereke mphamvu zonse ndiponso pa akumufuna. Kotero kuti probes kupitiriza njira.

Kangapo atolankhani inanena kuti "Voyager" anawoloka dongosolo dzuwa, koma asayansi anakana deta. Izo zinali kokha mu 2012, makina amatumiza Padziko Lapansi kuti salinso kulandira dzuŵa nyonga, koma tsopano m'malo mwa galactic. Ichi chinali umboni kuti probes kapena pafupi ndi malo interstellar, kapena ali momwemo.

Motero, anatha kutumiza "apaulendo" kupitirira dongosolo la zowalitsa - tsopano inu kudziwa kwenikweni pamene malire a malo interstellar.

deta Current pa spacecraft

Ngati inu n'kudziphatika kwa malamulo a sayansi, ndi chodziwikiratu kuti danga kafukufuku "Voyager 1" anasiya dongosolo dzuwa. chakuti madera ake, malinga ndi kafukufuku wa sayansi, mathero pamene tidzawukitsidwe munda yokoka la nyenyeziyo. Choncho, kukula kwa dongosolo - ndi 125.000. e. Koma probes, adaleka 129 okha. e. Komabe, ngati m'malo dzuwa adani zipangizo galactic dziko, akulankhula za kutha kwa chuma cha dongosolo la zowalitsa.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku panopa, asayansi kulamulira navigation dongosolo "Voyager". Ndipo izi adzapitiriza mpaka 2025-2030 zaka. Ndiye kafukufuku ndi lichoke ku dziko kwambiri kuti nawo imangokhala kumathera. Choncho, ntchito yomaliza, adzakhala wokhoza kuchita, ndi mu lipoti ku mitundu ina ya anthu, deta ndondomeko ya Earth ndi mlingo chitukuko.

Ali "Voyager 1" tsopano?

Masiku ano, ofufuza apita mbiri mtunda kuchokera Earth, palibe chipangizo ena sizinawakhudze kwa mtunda chomwecho. Danga kafukufuku "Voyager 1" ndi makilomita 19 biliyoni kuchokera padzikoli. Pofuna kupeza deta latsopano, asayansi kudikira maola 17-18. Ndi nthawi yochuluka bwanji zimatengera kulandira chizindikiro kwa wagawo ndi. Choncho, n'zosiyana navigation njira adzakhala mofanana monga mkulu.

N'kosatheka dzina zonse zochitika ndi probes mu anatulukira izi sayansi, monga adakhoza kuposa "m'chigulugulu". Iwo anachita zimene asayansi ngakhale kuwerengedwa. Kuti ndi chifukwa chake ntchito za sayansi ndi zofunika osati kwa antchito NASA - inasanduka m'chigawo cha anthu onse.

Pomaliza

Mbali yaikulu ya onse "Voyager" ndi kuti ntchito yaitali kuposa mmene amaganizira. Ndipo lero palibe amene anganene ndendende mmene zinthu mawa. N'zotheka kuti mibadwo ya m'tsogolo adzatha kupeza deta za Sirius. Koma inu simungakhoze kuzikana n'zotheka kuti makina chabe zastynut pa njira yake, ngati salinso kulandira mphamvu.

Mwachidule, danga kafukufuku zinsinsi za "Voyager" zingathe kuthetsedwa okha ndi ana a anthu amakono. Ndipo amene amadziwa, mwinamwake iwo azipereka izi yojambula kupangika kwa chilengedwe chonse ngati achikale. Koma n'zotheka kuti "Voyager" adzatsegula chinsinsi latsopano.