Kuphulika kwa nyumba Moscow (1999)

Mmodzi wa mphindi kwambiri zomvetsa chisoni m'mbiri yamakono Russian ndi kuphulika kwa nyumba Moscow 1999. Mazana a moyo wa nzika wamba a Russia ananenanso kuchita choipa zigawenga, koma ambiri a nkhani kugwirizana ndi tsokalo, akali osayankhidwa. Chilombocho patsogolo nambala yaikulu mabaibulo chimene chinachitika, kuchokera chenicheni kwathunthu wosangalatsa kwambiri. Tiyeni n'kuyesayesa chimene chapangitsa mabomba mu Moscow mu 1999, ndipo amene akuchititsa vutoli.

zochitika zam'mbuyo

Pofuna kumvetsa chimene chapangitsa zinthu zoopsa zimenezi, tiyenera kubwerera kwa 1999. Mabomba mu nyumba ku Moscow ndi inextricably zogwirizana ndi mbiri ya nthawi imeneyo.

Chaka chino unali wotchuka ndi ambiri kunasintha chitukuko cha la Russia. Ndi pamene Russia ali ataikidwa kukhala nduna yaikulu, amene m'tsogolo anakhala pulezidenti - Vladimir Putin. Izo zinachitika mu August. V. V. Putin poyamba anasonyeza kuti munthu amene ali yabwino amatha kuchita, zimene munganene. Pa nthawi yomweyo, mu mabwalo owolowa manja iye woyesedwa ndi kukayikirana, monga wapolisi kale KGB. Mabomba mu Moscow (1999) ndi Putin, ndi dzanja kuwala kwa atolankhani zidzakulimbikitsani mobwerezabwereza otchulidwa pa TV, ndi kugwirizana pakati pa chochitika m'mbuyomu, ndi Vladimir Vladimirovich aliyense nthawi zosiyana. Komabe, atolankhani ndi atolankhani, ndi kudabwa. Koma ife digress chete.

Chinanso yofunika kwambiri mu 1999 chinali resumption a nkhondo mu North Caucasus, amene pambuyo kusainira mu 1996 mabacteria ndi Khasavyurt anali mu siteji mazira. Koma mu mwezi womwewo wa August ndipo masiku awiri pamaso Putin anaikidwa Nduna, gulu wamphamvu Chechen omenyana kutsogoleredwa ndi Shamil Basayev ndi Khattab litalanda Dagestan. mphamvu Russian zathandiza kukana, natisunthitsa zochita nkhondo mwachindunji m'dera la Chechnya. Choncho unayambitsidwa wachiwiri Chechen nkhondo. chochitika, malinga ndi Baibulo boma chikwiyire mabomba a nyumba Moscow. 1999 zinali zodzaza ndi chinthu china, ndicho kuchoka kwa Boris Yeltsin kwa pulezidenti asapatsire ndi kulanda Vladimir Putin ulamuliro zogwirizana. Koma izo zinachitika pa mapeto a chaka, ndiye pambuyo ntchito zokhudza uchigawenga.

Choncho, ndi mbiri ya pa, ife kupita mwachindunji za mmene zikuchitika zinthu zoipa wa September 1999.

Nthawi yoyamba zigawenga

Kuphulika kwa nyumba Moscow mu 1999 sanali woyamba zigawenga kuukira pa nkhani zochitika zofanana limene linagwedeza Russia mu September 1999. Tsoka zinachitika koyamba kakang'ono Dagestani m'tauni ya Buynaksk.

Pa September 4, pafupifupi nsanjika zinayi nyumba imene banja anakhala asilikali Russian, izo litaphulitsidwa ndi bomba galimoto. Chifukwa cha uchigawenga anapha anthu 64, amene theka tidali ana, ndipo anthu 146 analandira kuvulala kwa kusinthasintha mwamphamvu. Mu nyumba m'makomo awiri anawonongedwa.

Koma zimenezi la uchigawenga, monga kunapezeka okha unachitika zochitika chisoni kuti anachitika m'mwezi chomwecho mu Moscow.

Kuphulika pa Guryanov Street

Nyumba mabomba mu Moscow mu 1999 anatsegula kuukira Guryanov Street komwe kunachitika masiku anayi pambuyo zochitika Buynaksk chamtendere, usiku pa September 8.

nthawi iyi, naini kugunda. Masekondi awiri pamaso usiku kuphulika adawomba m'menemo, amene mphamvu anali 350 makilogalamu TNT. Izo zinachitika chifukwa detonation wa mabomba, anabzala pansi pake. Awiri pakhomo la nyumba ya anaziwonongeratu. Komanso, kwambiri kuonongeka dongosolo zatchatchatcha pafupi. Kenako anawonongedweratu ndi ntchito kukonza, monga iwo akuimilira zoopsa kwa anthu ndi kwa anthu pa msewu. Pamalo a nyumbazo patapita anamanga latsopano nyumba mkulu-nyamuka.

Chifukwa kuphulika kwa nthawi ino, anthu 106 anaphedwa ndi 690 anavulala.

kuphulika Kashirskoye

Nthawiyi, latsopano nyumba mabomba mu Moscow (1999) chinachitika pa 13 September. Guryanov sanali msewu kokha mwa likulu, akumana ndi Zigawenga. A kuphulika latsopano zinachitika mu nyumba eyiti nkhani pa Kashirskoye.

Pa nthawi imeneyi, makomo munthu kumva zowawa, ndi nyumba yonse anali pafupifupi inawonongedwa. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti nyumbayi chinali njerwa. Kupha anthu 124, ena isanu anavulala.

Chiwerengero cha likulu ndi ku dziko lonse kuti analimbikitsa nyumba mabomba mu Moscow (1999). Kashirskoye taonera nambala apamwamba amene akhudzidwa ndi zochitika zofanana mu Russia, ngakhale mphamvu zachiwawa wolephera zomwe wakhala anaika mu nyumba pa Guryanov Street ndipo anali pafupi 300 makilogalamu TNT. Monga tanena akuvutika chifukwa chachikulu kwambiri pa mphamvu m'munsi mlandu anali mbali luso nyumba yomanga.

kuukira wina zinachitika pa September 16 mumzinda wina Russian - Volgodonsk. Iye anatenga moyo wa anthu khumi. Ngakhale tsoka izi zinachitika osati mu Moscow, ndi kupitiriza kwa unyolo kuphulika kuti anagwedeza Russia mu September 1999. Nkhani inayake Volgodonsk atseka mzere wa zigawenga amachita nthawi imene tikukambirana.

zotsatira

Onse Russia ndi dziko linagwedezeka nyumba mabomba mu Moscow (1999). Zotsatira zake zinali zomvetsa chisoni kwambiri. Chifukwa cha zigawenga likulu (osati kuphatikizapo mizinda ina), anapha anthu 230, wina 697 anavulala osiyana a mwamphamvu. Komanso anali pafupi ataphwasula pansi limodzi nyumba asanu ndi atatu nkhani, ndi naini zinawonongedwa makomo awiri. nyumba ina inali kuwonongeka zogwirika kuti nyumba. Monga mukuonera, zotsatira kani, zowawa ndi yowononga anatsogolera mabomba mu Moscow (1999). Adilesi ya nyumba kumene anthu akuvutika chifukwa cha uchigawenga, zotsatirazi:

• Str. Guryanov, 19;
• Str. Guryanov, 17;
• Kashirskoye shi. 6.

yankho boma anali othamanga. Chikadzangotha kuphulika koyamba zinachitika nyumba Moscow (1999), unayambitsidwa kufufuza ofunda nkhani mabungwe yazamalamulo. Komanso, zotsatirapo za uchigawenga angathe kuonedwa monga kutsegula a zochita za Russian mabungwe yazamalamulo mu North Caucasus, umalimbana motsutsa Chechen ndi zigawenga Dagestani ndi zigawenga.

Zimayambitsa mabomba amene

Kuphulika kwa nyumba Moscow mu 1999 ndi chiyambi cha atolankhani ndi nthumwi za akuluakulu a mu malo oyamba zogwirizana ndi alikukonzeka nkhondo mu North Caucasus. Kenako ndi kufufuza boma anatsimikizira kuti Baibulo.

Ngakhale zigawenga amene alibe kubisika. Kuwonjezera Mwachitsanzo, akutumikira kutsimikiza mfundo zotentha ndi September 14 mtsogoleri wa gulu Islamist "Ansar al-Sharia," lomwe ananena amakonzera uchigawenga, ndipo amanga ndi kubwezera kwa Caucasus Russian kuukira ku Chechnya ndi Dagestan. Pa nthawi yomweyo, kwakukulu warlord Shamil Basayev, ndi anazindikira zigawenga mayiko ananena wosalakwa zoterezi wamagazi. Ndipo apa pali wina mtsogoleri monyanyira Khattab kusanachitike mawuwo anapanga asamenyana osati ndi Russian mabungwe yazamalamulo, komanso ndi anthu onse.

kufufuza

Mwalamulo, ndi mlandu, zomwe cholinga chake chinali kufufuza kuphulika kwa nyumba Moscow (1999) linatsegulidwa pa September 9, ndiko kuti, tsiku pambuyo tsoka pa Guryanov Street. Kale mu mwezi womwewo, anapereka kuchuluka kwa akuwakayikira, anthu ambiri amene anali pomwepo atagwidwa.

Pa kufufuza za wambirimbiri umboni wa milandu akuwakayikira anapezeka. Komanso, kufufuza anaulula angapo zochita chigawenga mabungwe yazamalamulo, watseka maso ake kuti chiphuphu mu mwambo wa mwambo, womwe kupewa tsoka. Koma, ndithudi, iwo sankadziwa zolinga lenileni la zigawenga, koma, koma anapatsidwa ambiri malangizo zochita zawo chigawenga, analandira m'ndende.

anapezazo kufufuza

Kotero, ife kupita waukulu. Amene anachita mabomba mu Moscow mu 1999? Malinga ndi kufufuza, izo zinali bwino ndi kanthu makonzedwe, amene ali makasitomala ndi executors mwachindunji.

Kufufuza anasonyeza kuti zigawenga gulu lonse "Chisilamu Institute" Caucasus "," lotsogoleredwa ndi Khattab ndi Abu Umar ndi dongosolo, amene anatumidwa ndi ndalama ndi mabomba a nyumba mu Moscow (1999). Mchitidwe zigawenga anachita mamembala mwachindunji kwa monyanyira gulu "Karachai Jamaat".

Zingamvekere momwe deta zakhala zikuonekera poyera anakonza kuukira. kuposa mwezi umodzi kukonzera. Kuti akonzekere kuti akope tcheru, ngakhale chidude kampani "LLC" Brand-2 "", umene anausiya malo wakhala mayina a nyumba, kumene zinakonzedwa kubala mabomba. chakuti itatha yoyamba kuchita zigawenga Moscow yazamalamulo mabungwe alephera kuletsa chachiwiri, ngakhale kudziwa za kuopsa zotheka, kamodzinso kumasonyeza kuti njira mwakhama ntchito yokonzekera ndi asangalatsi ku ntchitoyo. Ine ndimaganiza kuti anali onse mpaka opanda pake, kulankhula anakhazikitsa anthu amene anakakamizidwa mosadziwa amathandiza upandu, ngakhale kudziwa zimene zochita zake zingathe kukhumudwitsa. Pa nthawi yomweyo, cholinga chachikulu cha ntchito ndi zigawenga chinali chinsinsi kwambiri kulondera, lomwe ndi zachilendo kwambiri kwa mabungwe amenewa monyanyira monga "Karachai Jamaat".

chilango

Anthu ambiri amene bungwe ndipo anachita mabomba mu Moscow (1999), ndi FSB ndi zina mabungwe yazamalamulo anakwanitsa kukhazikitsa. Makamaka kuyambira North mitundu (Karachays, Dagestanians neri Al.), Ndipo Arab. Ena a iwo womangidwa ndi Russian mabungwe yazamalamulo ndi ena - ndi anamangidwa akunja ndiye extradited kwa Russia, ena - anaphedwa pa ntchito yapadera ya misonkhano yapadera, wachinayi - anamwalira mu zina. Iwo anakwanitsa kupewa chilango mayunitsi yekha, koma akakamizidwa mukubisa ndi zonse mantha kuti iwo lidzakudzidzimutseni dzanja la chilamulo.

Anthu amene amagwira ntchito mu mabomba mu Moscow ndi Dekkushev A., H. Abba, Krymshamkhalov Yu, D. Saitakov, R. Ahmyarov A. Gochijaev. Onse a iwo, kupatula mmodzi wotsiriza, pa mphindi kapena kuphedwa kapena kutumikira chiweruzo cha kumangidwa moyo. Achimez Gochijaev, amene anali nawo pa kuyang'aniridwa mwachindunji wa bungwe kuukira, panopa pa mndandanda wa mayiko amene ankawafuna. Malinga ndi malipoti zosatsimikiza, iye panopa kubisala Turkey, ngakhale mfundo zodalirika za iye sanali nkomwe mu 2002. Choncho n'zotheka ndithu kuti Achimez Gochiyayev salinso moyo.

Kara agwidwe ndi anthu amene akuoneka makasitomala mwachindunji zochita zigawenga. Choncho, mtsogoleri zigawenga Khattab kunatha ntchito Russian chitetezo mu 2002, ndipo wachiŵiri wake Abu Umar - mu 2001. Onse a iwo anali Aluya mitundu ndi anatenga mbali mu gulu la nkhondo yolimbana Chechen Odzipatula, Russian Federation. Khattab ndi Abu Umar atamwalira anazitcha ndi khoti Russia wolakwa kulamula kuukira kumene kunachitika ku Moscow mu 1999.

Nthawi zambiri, Court anatsimikizira anapeza kufufuza ndi ena nkhani ya anthu ndiponso mabungwe zochita zigawenga limene linagwedeza likulu ndi midzi ina ya la Russia kumapeto kwa Zakachikwi lomaliza. Panopa Ndipotu kuukira mu 1999 kutumikira moyo wake wonse Yusuf Krymshamhalov Adam Dekkushev.

Mwa anthu amene sachedwa sizinayende, koma alephera kuthetsa ntchito Russian chitetezo kapena zina mabungwe yazamalamulo titchedwe Ravil Ahmyarova, Denis Saytakova, Hakim Abaev. apolisi Chijojiya anaphedwa Timur Batchaev, amene anali waukulu mlandu nkhani ya mabomba mu Volgodonsk. Pa nthawi yomweyo Chijojiya malamulo enforcers anakwanitsa am'manga ndi Yusuf Krymshamkhalov kenako extradited kwa Russia kutumikira moyo wake chiweruzo.

Tikumbukenso kuti inali nkhani ya zigawenga ulemu kulangidwa amachirikiza mabomba mu Moscow (1999) boma Russian ndi Putin vv ndi akuluakulu ena m'njira iliyonse chinathandiza Kuthi ndipo ngakhale analimbikitsa ntchito za kufufuza kuzindikira ndi kukamanga adaniwo. Boma amadziwa kuti ngati angathe sanalange zigawenga, anthu asiye kukhulupirira icho, kumverera chitetezo ndi kuopseza monyanyira. Ndi gulu momveka yake zochita investigative ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa njira ulesi ndi adani a zigawenga zatenganso mbali chakuti anthu Russian anayamba kusonkhana ndi boma wawo kwenikweni ntchito limagwirira okhoza kuthandiza lamulo m'dziko lonselo.

Kukumbukira zigawenga

Kukumbukira zigawenga zimene zinachitika mu Moscow ndi angapo mizinda ina Russian mu 1999, komabe Amasonkhezera anthuwo. Kumene, anthu ochepa okha ndikufuna kubwereza zochitika izi wamagazi, kuwonjezera, anthu ambiri ali ndi mantha kuti zingachitike m'tsogolo, kotero sitiyenera kuiwala zakale. osalakwa kuukira, amene anachotsa moyo wa mabomba amene, ayenera anakumbukira za iwo mu Russia.

Kale mu 2000 pa malo Zigawenga pa Guryanov Street anamanga chizindikiro chikumbutso. Komanso, pokumbukira anthu amene anamwalira chaka chomwecho anayamba kumanga mpingo yopemphereramo. Yomanga inatha mu 2004. Iwo anali zimachokera ku zopereka za nzika zonse wamba ndi mabungwe malonda.

Tinali sanaiwale ndipo akuvutika chifukwa cha mabomba pa Kashira Highway. Chikumbutso Park, odzipatulira kwa chikumbukiro chawo, nayikidwa pafupi kuphulika malo.

Kutanthauza mabomba mu Moscow

lalikulu kwambiri ayankhe anthu anali nyumba kuphulika mu Moscow (1999). Photos pa zochitika za mavuto anawuluka pamwamba pa zonse ŵa TV ndi manyuzipepala. Monga oimbidwa mu mlandu anali akuluakulu a North anthu Caucasus (makamaka Karachai ndi Dagestani), ngati mmene anali kuyembekezera, mkwiyo wa Russia anauzidwa kwa iwo.

Komanso, kuukira wittingly kapena mosadziwa anathandiza chakuti ambiri a ku Russia anali mu chisomo cha nkhondoyi yogwira mu Caucasus ndi zigaŵenga ndi zigawenga, komanso mfundo za boma. Akuluakulu Russian alandira chithandizo ambiri a anthu padziko lonse, kuphatikizapo United States. Ngati mpaka ndiye, mayiko ambiri anazindikira nkhondo mu Chechnya monga nkhondo yomenyele ufulu wadziko la anthu Chechen, pambuyo uchigawenga mu Moscow ndiponso mizinda ina ya Russia North Caucasus opandukawo akhala kugwirizana ndi uchigawenga padziko lonse.

Pa nthawi yomweyo tisaiwale kuti kuphulika ungamuphe anthuwo kuvutika ndi Mwachitsanzo, kwa anthu kukhulupirira mu boma kulephera kutetezera aziphunzitso kuti kodi zina destabilize zinthu. Ngati okonza kuphulika, komanso monga tawerenga chotsatira, anali atsogoleri a North zigaŵenga Caucasus, ili lokha iwo masamu, komanso kuopseza anthu.

Chirichonse chimene icho chinali, koma icho chinali pambuyo zigawenga Russia kwapita mu gawo yogwira polimbana uchigawenga ndi monyanyira mu North Caucasus. Ndi zochita za Russian mabungwe yazamalamulo akhala ndi bwino. Zimenezi zinathandiza mu 2009 kulengeza bwinobwino ntchito counterterrorist.

Ngakhale apeza boma la kufufuza ndi adjudication anthu amene ntchito yokonzekera kuukira, ambiri zokhudza mlanduwo ali chinsinsi ndi mafunso, monga mwa atolankhani ndi mwa nzika wamba. Kumasulira zinsinsi zonse pali zocitika zomvetsa chisoni? N'zokayikitsa ngati izo zichitika, si posachedwapa. Koma ngakhale kaya motani, tiyenera kukumbukira akuvutika amene akhala akapolo ku zofuna za ndale.