Chiwerengero cha Romania, malo, nyengo chikhalidwe

Romania - ndi dziko laling'ono pa Balkan Peninsula ndi mwayi Nyanja Black. Pali kalekale anthu atakhazikika, kotero chikhalidwe ndi miyambo mizu. Chiwerengero cha Romania, zakudya zake ndi chinenero kulenga chikhalidwe wapadera wa dziko, limene n'zovuta kunena kuti ayenera kumva. Pali nthano zambiri, zowoneka, dzuwa, ndi yotchipa chakudya chabwino. Choncho, maulendo ku Romania tsopano kukhala wotchuka kwambiri pakati alendo Russian ndi European.

madera

Romania ili kum'mwera kum'mawa kwa Ulaya ndi dziko lalikulu kwambiri m'chigawochi. boma ndi m'mphepete mwa Ukraine, Hungary, Bulgaria, Serbia ndi Moldova, m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Black Sea ndi 250 Km. M'dera dziko ndi za 240 mamita lalikulu. Km. Pa gawo la mzere akudutsa kum'mwera kwa Carpathians ndi nsonga chapamwamba Romania - Moldoveanu (2544 m).

Romania lili ndi anthu anthu pafupifupi 20 miliyoni. Ndi kwenikweni dziko la midzi yaing'ono mu mzinda waukulu - likulu la Mzinda ndi anthu pafupifupi 2 miliyoni anthu. The mzinda wonsewo n'chochepa kwambiri mu kukula mu zisanu ndi lalikulu, ndi anthu anthu pafupifupi 300 zikwi kulowa Iasi, Constanta, Cluj-Napoca, Timisoara. Cholowa cha m'tawuni chathandiza kuti 53% ya chonse cha anthu.

Dziko nkhalango zambiri ndi mitsinje. Mtsinje waukulu - ndi Danube, m'litali m'kati mwamalire a Romania ndi za chikwi makilomita (mmodzi mwa atatu kutalika lonse). Pamene dziko ndi anamwazikana kwambiri nyanja popangidwa ndi limatsogolera madzi mu mapiri, iwo amadziŵika ndi loonekeratu madzi, ambiri nsomba madzi ndi malo okongola padziko.

nyengo

Yabwino malo Hrs ndi chifukwa kuti nyengo mu Romania ndi zabwino kwambiri kuti akhalemo. A kotentha chokhala nyengo mu hinterland pa nyanja, pafupi ndi gombe angathe kuthana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ulimi. Weather mu Romania m'nyengo yozizira ndi wofatsa kwambiri, kutentha zikuuluka kuzungulira ziro madigiri, mu mapiri akhoza kusiya digiri 10 pansi pa ziro. M'mapiri chisanu chivundikiro kumatenga pafupifupi 100 masiku, m'chigwa za 30-40 masiku chaka. Chilimwe ndi zabwino kwambiri, kutentha ambiri July ndi madigiri 23 masana. A ochuluka zedi masiku dzuwa, pafupifupi 200 pachaka.

nkhani

m'gawo Romania anayamba kukhazikika zaka 40 zikwi zapitazo, akatswiri anapeza pano Cro magalimoto. Koma mbiri lenileni la Romania ethnos akuyamba kuzungulira m'ma AD chachiwiri, pamene asilikali a Roma anakakhala kudera mbiri wokwatibwa ndi mafuko Thracian Dacian. Mfundo zimenezi awiri anakhala maziko a Romanians. M'zaka 6 malowa anayamba mwadongosolo kubwera mitundu yatsopano: a Kusamuka kwa Asilavo, Bulgarians anakakhala pano ndiye, m'zaka za m'ma 9 Hungarians kuonekera. Zonsezi ndi zovuta, chikhalidwe ndi zinenero mtanda umene mtundu watsopano.

M'zaka za m'ma 13, malowa ndi kukhala ang'onoang'ono ukulu limapezeka Moldavia ndi Wallachia monga mbali ya boma Chihangare ali kudziyimira pawokha Romania Transylvania. Panthawi imeneyi, anapanga serfdom, waima ndi stratum apamwamba a anthu. Boyars kuvomereza ulamuliro wapamwamba wa Ottoman, zimenezi zimapereka chitetezo komanso ulamuliro pakati pa zana la 19. Romanians kutenga ziwembu zingapo kuti bwererani goli Turkey, teaming ndi mphamvu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo Russia. Mu 1859, pali dziko United kutsogoleredwa ndi Alexander Cuza. Iye anakwanitsa kumasula munthu wamba, koma anagwetsedwa wachifumu anasamukira kazembe Prussian. Izo zinali kokha mu 1877 analengeza ufulu wa Romania, amene anadzakhala ndi ukulu mu ulamuliro wa Mfumu Carol Woyamba.

Chifukwa cha Dziko Lonse Yoyamba, Romania anali owononga wa liquidation, kumupulumutsa iye ufumuwo Russian, chifukwa mu 1917 Romania anapeza Transylvania ndi Bessarabia. Pa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, Romania anali kumbali ya Germany, pambuyo chigonjetso ya Soviet Union imodzi ya gawo lawo anakhala mbali ya Soviet Union, ndipo wotsalawo dziko anabwera pansi pa protectorate ulamuliro wa Soviet. Mu 1989, nkhani kwatsopano kumayambira, apa pakubwera ulimi zinachititsa kuti kugwa kwa Ceausescu boma, ndipo boma latsopano - Malawi pulezidenti Romania. Kuyambira 2007 dziko akulowa EU, koma lofotokozabe ndalama ndi chitupa cha visa chikapezeka yake dongosolo.

chilankhulo

Mtundu anakhala wodziimira mitundu gulu pokhapokha ngati uli ndi chilankhulo chake ndipo Romania yotero. mitundu chinenero cha m'zilembo za ntchito ndi anthu amene ali mu dziko. The chinenero Romania limabweretsa Balkan-Romance gulu la zilankhulo Romance anapanga pamphambano ya m'madera chinenero angapo. Iye zokhudzana Italy, Spanish, Chipwitikizi, choncho kudziŵa zinenero amenewa amathandiza polankhula ndi Romanians. Kwa 90% ya chinenero dziko la kwathu ndi ku Romania, wachiwiri ambiri - Chihangare. M'mizinda, achinyamata pa malo onsewo, kupatula nzika, bwino mu English, koma ku midzi kungakhale kumvetsetsa vutolo.

okhala

Chiwerengero cha Romania kwambiri ethnically osiyanasiyana, zawachititsa kuti zikamera wa miyambo chidwi ndi makhalidwe ambiri ndipo akutenga ndalama. Mapangidwe mtundu Romania anakhudzidwa Roma, Hungarians, Asilamu, Asilavo, ndi zonse izi zachititsa kuti pakhale mtundu wa kukhulupirika. 90% ya anthu lero ndi Romanians, 6% - pa Chihangare kunja kwa Palestina, 3.5% - pa Roma. The mitundu ina pano zochepa: Chiyukireniya, Turkey, Russian, German.

Lero, mphamvu ya chiwerengero cha anthu a m'dzikoli utachepa, ngakhale kuyambira mu 1977 mpaka 1992, anthu unakula chaka ndi anthu 500-600 zikwi. Popeza kuti mapeto a 90s pali mphamvu zoipa anthu, lero pafupifupi 20 miliyoni anthu dziko. Akatswiri amanena zodabwitsazi kwa kutsegulidwa kwa malire ndi kuchepa zachuma miyezo ya moyo. Chipembedzo lalikulu ndi Chikhristu Orthodox, ngakhale chikhulupiriro nduna boma kumeneko, koma ambiri (89%) mwa anthu amadzinenera Chikhristu mu Baibulo Orthodox, 6% - Chiprotestanti ndi 5% - Akatolika.

Avereji ya anthu okhala Romania - zaka 40, chiwerengerochi moyo amayembekezeka - zaka 75. Chiwerengero cha amuna pobadwa kuposa akazi (chiŵerengero - 1.06), ndipo pa zaka 65 amuna zaka pafupifupi kawiri zosakwana akazi (chiŵerengero cha 0.65).

chikhalidwe

anthu ambiri ophatikizidwa mu anthu Romania, zachititsa kuti miyambo zachilendo ndi osiyanasiyana. Dziko ndi wamphamvu kwambiri wowerengeka luso ndi ntchito zamanja, miyambo, mbiya, nsalu, matabwa kusema, kuluka ndi kutchulidwa m'dera kununkhira. Romania zomangamanga poyamba anapanga mchikakamizo cha Latin mwambo, pambuyo pake waukulu amadza Byzantine mapulani. Mu nyumba ya Transylvania akadali kuoneka bwino ngongole kwa Gothic.

zowoneka

Romania wolemera zowoneka ndi malo osangalatsa. Mwa chidwi kwambiri: Peles Castle, anamanga kalembedwe losakanizika, ndinawona pano Baroque chikoka, Kubadwa Kwatsopano ndi Moor chikhalidwe; Cantacuzino Palace mu Mzinda Akumenya mwanaalirenji ndi malingaliro a katswiri wa zomangamanga; Gothic Nyumbayi Corwin; Mrakoniya obisika kwa zaka za m'ma 16; Sighisoara akale linga ndi zambiri.

Dziko Romania kwambiri kugwirizana ndi Dracula. Mfundo za mzukwa ku Transylvania anatuluka mu zaka za m'ma 14, ndipo lero ndi chabwino kugulitsa mbiri. Chinangwa Castle akuti ndi malo Dracula moyo, ngakhale mbiri yakale mosamala amanena kuti Vlad Tsepesh, amene anakhala zinachitika a chilombo, pali ongodutsa pano. Koma loko izi sasiya pempho lake, monga amayang'ana chidwi kwambiri ndi mwachinsinsi. Nyumbayi wina, amene amagwirizana ndi Vladom Tsepeshem - ndi Poenari Castle, ndilo achiyesa anakula mizu zaka zingapo.

Kuwonjezera pa nyumba zachifumu ku Romania chidwi zokopa achilengedwe, ndi nyanja, nkhalango, zigwa ndi mapiri, ndipo, ndithudi, nyanja. City a Constanta pa Black Sea gombe Chili mphamvu ya chidziwitso ndi gombe maholide.

khitchini

Population heterogeneity ndi Romania, motero, osiyanasiyana zakudya ndi choyambirira. Apa, kudya kwambiri nyama, masamba ndi zipatso. Mbale wotchuka kwambiri ndi soseji, Michi kapena mititei, anawotcha pa moto poyera ndi kulawa piquant. Romanians kukonda msuzi, wotchuka kwambiri amene ali wakuda ndi chonunkhira chorba. Kuyambira mkaka otchuka kwa tchizi anapanga mkaka wa nkhosa, chokhala tchizi. Romanians ali ambuye mkate kuphika, aliyense ophika buledi adzadzipereka onunkhira, mkate atsopano a mitundu angapo.

zosangalatsa

Zosaneneka kukopa alendo a Romania chifukwa chakuti pali osakaniza bwino mwayi osiyanasiyana zosangalatsa. Nyanja, mapiri, zokopa alendo, kwambiri zakudya - kodi muyenera alendo? Tours ku Romania ndi wokongola ndi otsika mtengo, umene uli wofunika makamaka wapaulendo bajeti. Service mu dziko likukwaniritsa apamwamba mfundo European, koma ndi mlingo wa kuwolowa anthu bypasses m'mayiko ambiri a World Old.

nkhani zothandiza

Mu Romania, monga m'madera ambiri a ku Ulaya, ogaŵikana dzinja ndi chirimwe. kusintha The ikuchitika mochedwa October ndi mochedwa March motero. Romania nthawi zosiyana 1 ora ku Russian. Komabe, mofanana tinganene za lonse la kum'mawa kwa Ulaya.

Mitengo ku Romania, pang'ono poyerekeza Europe ambiri, izi zimapangitsa dziko wokongola kwambiri alendo. Dziko ali ndi kufalitsidwa kwa ndalama national - Romania leu, nzeru ndalama akhoza kukhala pa gombe lililonse. Non-ndalama kubanki dongosolo khadi malipiro kupangika makamaka m'madera ena achisangalalo, mu MIDZI bwino zonyamula ndalama yokha. Mu Romania, ndi zotsika mtengo komanso zosangalatsa kugula. Pano inu mukhoza kubweretsa youma vinyo wofiira, maula burande, ziwiya zadothi, matabwa caskets ndi ulusi, zopukutira m'manja zimapezeka nsalu, nsalu za patebulo, mabulawuzi zokongoletsera dziko.