Wawel Castle: chithunzi ndi mbiri

Kwa pafupifupi Zakachikwi pa Vistula Mtsinje waima zazikulu Wawel Castle. Iye anali mboni zochitika zambiri mbiri Ndaona nkhondo zambiri, moto ndi chiwonongeko, aberrations. Nyumbayi ili ndi chizindikiro cha Poland, malo zofunika kwambiri kwa Zitsulo.

Mbiri ya m'linga

Pa zafukulidwa ndi pofukula, chinapezeka kuti XI m'zaka za malo anali kuthetsa, ndi miyala makoma anayamba kumanga mu 1300 pamene Vaclav II. M'zaka za m'ma XIV, Casimir III Wamkulu anayamba kumanga nyumba yachifumu mu kalembedwe Gothic. Popeza XI ndi chiyambi cha XVII m'ma Wawel Castle anali okhala mafumu Polish ndipo linali likulu la mphamvu yauzimu ndi ndale kwa dzikoli.

The heyday ya m'linga anayamba nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Sigismund Ine Komabe, kunabuka 1595, moto anawononga kapangidwe ndi. Kuyambira akuyamba nthawi kuchepa ake. Mu 1609, Sigismund III anasamukira boma likulu ku Kraków kuti Warsaw, ngakhale udindo boma komabe Kraków (mpaka 1795).

Wawel Castle mu Cracow anapulumuka Great kumpoto nkhondo, chiwonongeko pafupifupi asilikali a Sweden. Mu 1724-1728, ndi cholinga kubwezeretsa anapangidwa pano, koma zinalephereka ndipo pa chifukwa cha kulinga munali nyumba za asilikali Austria. Mwalamulo chuma cha Poland, iye anakhala mu 1905. Kufikira tsopano, apo likufa kubwezeretsedwa. Mu 1978 Kraków linalembedwa pa mndandanda wa mizinda imene kudziteteza UNESCO.

Mu Cathedral wa Nyumbayi ndi akale maliro a mafumu Polish, ndale kanjedza chikhalidwe. Leh Valensa mu 1994 analengeza Wawel mbiri chipilala kwambiri m'dziko. M'katikati mwa April 2010 anaikidwa kuno ndi mutsogoleli Leh Kachinsky ndi mkazi wake Maria.

Castle Wawel (Kraków, Poland): Kufotokozera

Pa phiri lomwelo ndi zovuta misewu wapadera kamangidwe kake. The akuluakulu ndi Cathedral wa St. Wenceslas ndi Stanislas ndi Royal Castle.

Tsopano kubwezeretsedwa Wawel Castle (chithunzi mungathe onani pansipa) waima majestically pa unakhota wa Vistula. Iwo anali ogulidwa kuchokera boma la Austria mu 1905 ndi kubwezeretsedwa pa zopereka nzika Polish. Kukwera phiri ku msewu Kanonicza mwa msewu Royal mukhoza kuwona utali makoma mamita oposa mazana awiri. Iwo kwenikweni yatcheredwa ndi mipukutuyi ang'onoang'ono amene chosema mayina a 6329 Zitsulo amene anapereka ndalama kugula ndipo anayamba kubwezeretsa m'linga.

Kosciuszko chipilala

Pakhomo la alendo Wawel ali moni chipilala Tadeushu Kostyushko - ndi kugalukira otchuka M'chaka cha 1794 kuti mtsogoleri. Ili ndi buku lenileni la chipilala, ndi original imene anagwetsa pa nkhondo ndi Nazi Germany mkulu wa German Bwanamkubwa-General.

Nkhondo itatha, dziko la Germany kutulutsa buku chipilala, koma otsutsa ndikukhulupirira kuti kavalo pansi ngwazi yadziko "m'malo". Poyamba, iye anali atakhala pa stallion wochepa, tsopano pansi - German katundu kavalo.

loko kukhudzana

Kuyamba bwalo, alendo kusankha pa nzeru malangizo awo ulendowu. Mu amadutsa popita Kosungira Zida ndi m'manja mwa olamulira Polish, mwanaalirenji ndi mipando yomwe zinasungidwa ndodo zakale, mukhoza amasirira zojambula zazikulu za amisiri akale amene tisangalatse ndi kukula yaikulu.

Okonda zakale mbiri ndithu chidwi chionetsero "The Lost Wawel". Tiyenera wapadera tcheru Cathedral ndi zamatsenga ndi mdima mapanga ndende chinjoka.

Wawel Castle mu Nyumba ya Malamulo ali kudenga wapadera amene chokongoletsedwa ndi "Wawel mitu" - zabwino nkhuni m'mbale, umene uli mu mawonekedwe mitu ya anthu. Otsutsa amakhulupirira kuti atsogoleri amenewa akuimira royals akuluakulu wamwano, Ankhondo, anthuŵa, wokongola madona.

Ku thumba, mukhoza kuona kanali ya mafumu, miyambo lupanga ndi scabbard, Szczerbiec lupanga, chisoti akuluakulu Radziwill Black ndi zinanso zamtengo wapatali zakale mbiri. Onse zisudzo chiwerengero cha matikiti yochepa, choncho kutalika kwa nyengo alendo, zomwe kawirikawiri amapezeka m'chilimwe ndi masika, iwo kukathera ku ofesi bokosi ndi usana.

Cathedral wa St .. Wenceslas ndi Stanislaus

Ambiri malo apadera a kapembedzedwe akhoza kunyadira Poland. Wawel m'linga, yeniyeni, tchalitchi yake ndi imodzi mwa iwo. Malowa ali pamtunda kumbuyo kwa Royal Chipata. Ku dongosolo loyamba limene anapatsa m'ma XI anasunga zidutswa chabe kwa mabelu nsanja Silver ndi yopemphereramo mobisa wa St. Leonard, makoma limene mafumu Polish m'manda.

Ngati Nyumbayi akale, Kraków chokhala ndi nthano zambiri ndi zinsinsi. Mmodzi mwa iwo anati kuti chaka chilichonse mu chisanadze Khirisimasi mafumu usiku m'manda ku m'linga, kupita ku bungwe la atamva mu ndende ili yachisoni, ndipo akambirane mmene moyo Zitsulo.

Zamalankhulidwe maziko a Wawel Cathedral ndi tchalitchi anamanga kalembedwe Gothic. Linamangidwa m'zaka XIV. The wapakamwa ali chokongoletsedwa ndi ake Lancet mazenera chopapatiza, ndi pamwamba pa khomo lalikulu ili tracery zenera-duwa.

zomangamanga

Waukulu kachisi wazunguliridwa ndi matchalitchi makumi awiri, olengedwa mwa Mabaibulo osiyanasiyana komanso pa nthawi zosiyanasiyana. Ngakhale izi, pamodzi iwo amapanga gulu loyimba ogwirizana. Kuwonjezera pa nsanja Silver mabelu, amene muli dzina la mabelu, omwe zikumveka zodabwitsa, pafupi ndi tchalitchi ndi nsanja awiri - Zigmuntovskaya ndi maso, dzina lake chifukwa cha yaikulu wotchi nsanja. A nsanja Zigmuntovskaya belu alitcha dzina odinnadtsatitonnomu Bell "Sigismund". Iwo anaponyedwa Kraków caster Jan Beemom mu 1520.

Ndi belu izi chikugwirizana chikhulupiriro chikondi - ngati iye wokhudza chinenero chachikulu "Sigismund" posachedwa iye adzakwatira bwino ndipo sangalalani limodzi ndi mwamuna wake mpaka kalekale.

Bakuman za Wawel Castle

Wina kukopa kwa kulinga - Cave wa chinjoka, limene lili mu thanthwe. Pakhomo pake ndi chosema kuti umabala phokoso zozizwitsa ndi ngakhale n'kumatulutsa moto.

Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti nthano Asilavo muli nkhani zambiri zomwe chinjoka chachikulu. Nthano A za chinjoka amene "analanda" Wawel Castle, mwina wotchuka kwambiri mu Poland. Iwo ali yofanana angapo, koma ife ifotokoza anthu ambiri.

Maonekedwe a chinjoka

Mu masiku akale zaka m'phanga moyo chinjoka zoopsa ndi kukhetsa mwazi kuti nthawi zonse anafuna ndi anthu am'deralo kubweretsa monga nsembe kwa atsikana ndi wokongola. Kwa zaka zambiri, iye anali anthu oopa. Iwo adakwanitsa kupambana chimodzi chokha wa ana a Mfumu Krak, amene anayambitsa mzinda.

Mu buku lina zimenezi zimachitika pa nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Prince Krak - anzeru ndi zabwino wolamulira. Motsogozedwa mzinda anakula, anayamba ndi kuyendera. Koma tsiku lina, pa vuto m'tauni anaonekera Wawel kuphanga loopsa moto amapuma chinjoka. Iye anakhala nthawi zonse kuba ng'ombe kwa ziweto, ndipo anakana ndi m'tauni, amene anaonekera pafupi mphanga.

Krak sanalinso wamng'ono, ndipo ankadziwa kuti alibe mwayi mbakunda chilombo. Ndipo iye anaganiza kuti ndisiye kulira: aliyense amene angagonjetse chinjoka, adzalandira mphotho ya mwana wake wamkazi ndi theka ufumu kuti jombo. Ndipo anafika kumzinda wa wolimba, koma anakwanitsa kugonjetsa chirombo. Ndipo pamene anthu a mumzindawo anali atataya kale chiyembekezo cha chipulumutso mautumiki awo anapereka wofooka mnyamata - kuphunzira yokonza nsapato, wotchedwa kukasambira.

Ilibe mapulani kulimbana ndi lupanga mu dzanja lake. Kukasambira anaganiza kuti akunde chinjoka mwachinyengo. Iye anapha nkhosa, ku utomoni ake ndi imvi ndi kusiyidwa mu malo obisalamo chirombo. Chinjoka kumeza nyambo, ndipo iye anayamba kudwala. Kuti asangalatse moto m'kati mkati, anayamba kumwa madzi a Vistula mpaka mpaka mkangano.

A kusambira mochenjera adasoka zikopa za ambiri nsapato wokongola chinjoka, nampatsa m'tauni ya. Pokumbukira m'tauni ya anatsanulira Kracke chachikulu phiri. Ndipo chinjoka lero akufanana fano, zina kupuma moto, umene waikidwa pa khomo la Cathedral wa m'linga.