Izborsk linga. Izborsk, Pskov chigawo: zowoneka, zithunzi

Anamanga mwala linga Izborsk amazindikira kwambiri chikumbutso gulu loyimba a zomangamanga kudziteteza Russia. Makoma a nyumba anayimira pamene iye anali ambiri sieges mdani, konse kugonjera ankhondowo - Livonia Knights.

Zilipo yaikulu linga la Russia wakale, ngati kuti waima Izborsk oonera chodabwitsa ndi mphamvu yake. The wakale linga makoma awerengedwa mtima kwambiri kuteteza dziko lawo. Pangani uta khalidwe lapadera Russian. Thandizani kulemekeza chifuniro indomitable ndi mzimu wa Asitoiki Rusich.

Izborsk: mbiriyakale ndi zowoneka

The wamkulu Russian kuthetsa - mzinda wa Izborsk - pa nthawi ino imatengedwa kukhala m'mudzi wina waukulu kumalire ndi dziko la kumadzulo ndi Pskov. Pafupi kwambiri ndi wotchuka Chisiloveniya makiyi ndi Gorodischenskoe nyanja.

Malowa ali mu zana lachisanu ndi chitatu khumi anali anthu fuko Asilavo - krivichi. Mwambo ananena kuti mzindawu poyamba ankatchedwa Chisiloveniya (dzina la tate wa). Panopa kuthetsa dzina anaonekera zambiri mtsogolo. Kutchula koyamba za inapeza mu Mbiri.

Ndiye mayiko amenewa anali Varangian Prince Truvor kuti kubwera mng'ono wake kwa lodziwika bwino Rurik. Pa gawo la wakale Izborsk Truvor anasunga linga. Ancient m'mudzi Chilwa m'dera wamng'ono wa zisonga, steeply pa Gorodishchenskaya nyanja.

Malinga ndi dongosolo madzi kugwirizana ndi mzinda, mu masiku akale anali wopalidwa malonda njira kuti amafuna chitetezo. Pakuti m'tauni ake chitetezo anamanga m'mphepete mwa mtsinje Obdeh outposts. Mu X atumwi Izborsk uyamba maudindo. Mayendedwe a pakati kugula pang'ono ndi pang'ono kusamukira Pskov.

Komabe, tanthauzo asilikali akadali chachikulu. zakale za m'mbiri ndi zogwirizana ndi Novgorod ndi Pskov dziko. M'zaka za m'ma XIV twayini wandiweyani mpanda. The linga siinagwe pozunzidwa mwankhanza wa Ankhondo a Livonia.

Chibwenzi, mzinda wakale anali lidzasinthidwa kumudzi wina kumene zisungidwe Pskov zokopa, zithunzi ndi kufotokoza zomwe zili m'mabuku angapo. alendo ndi chidwi si anavulala linga, iwo kupita mafungulo Chisiloveniya ndi Truvor Pamudzi.

Yomanga mpanda wolimba Izborsk

Sizachilendo pa Jeravi Phiri anakhazikitsa mzinda watsopano. Kuzinga linga Izborsk nthawi sizikugwirizana anthu onse. Nkhondo ya ku Livonia Knights sanaime. Zocitika za Order Livonia yophiphiritsiridwa nkhondo latsopano, chigonjetso kutanthauza chinthu chimodzi - ufulu wa mayiko Russian. Vuto la ntchito yomanga mpanda wolimba kwambiri amphamvu anali pachimake.

Pskovites ndi izboryane mwala mbadwa zokhalamo mzinda. The linga, anamanga slabs miyala, kupangidwa mu Paleozoic nyengo, ndi pamaso chidwi. Ndipotu, miyala m'dera mdima grays si porous ndi friable, ndi dolomitic ndi chopambanitsa wandiweyani.

watsopano wa chitetezo ngati Truvor kumudzi linga, inamangidwa chifukwa cha malo - lathyathyathya pa lokwera. Kumpoto, kum'mwera ndi kum'mawa kwa mpanda wolimba wakale anali angaloŵe chifukwa ovuta zachilengedwe phompho, popangidwa ndi mbale dolomitic, ndi chigwa chachikulu. Ndi ataliatali promontory jutting ku gombe la phula chinsalucho itsike mpaka m'munsi Izborsk beseni kupereka zochititsa chidwi maganizo panolamiki.

Pamaso pa ntchito yomanga mpanda wolimba kwambiri pa m'mapiriŵa ndasonyeza dongosolo lawo. The mpanda anakulira m'mphepete mwa phiri yachonde pamwamba phompho lapansi. Natural maziko a thanthwe wamphamvu amaloledwa kumanga mpanda amazipanga mkulu. Ozungulira Kulimbikitsa ndendende mobwerezabwereza mpumulo m'dera kudzisamalira malo pazipita. Anazinga linga, kumene kumakhudza kukongola kwa chithunzi, kuyikidwa osati pasad anthu, koma anthu a m'midzi yapafupi.

Akatembenuka kulimbitsa

Cha m'ma m'ma XIV zolimbikitsa munamutcha chimamangidwa positi patsogolo. Triangular yachonde padziko kukafika kutsogolo kwa kuteteza chachikulu mwala makoma. Mu nyumba XV m'ma akukumana kukonzanso yokulirapo. Kukonzanso chifukwa cha mfuti kunalibe isanafike nthawi imeneyo, kusintha kwa machenjelero sieges ndi zochita kumbuyo.

Choyamba, tiyenera kusandulika nsanja, pamene luso la zida za nkhondo anaiika. Ndiye Chilimbikitsidwabe kumpoto. Komabe, limasinthira awa si anasintha kwambiri kuti maonekedwe yoyambirira ya nyumba.

Ngwiro colossus zikuwoneka ngati malo otetezedwa bwino. Photos anafotokoza m'nkhani ino. Kuyambira kumene kuli Truvor Pamudzi, kumudzi ngati duwa ku thanthwe chachikulu, kukhala mbali ya kupitiriza ake.

Mbiri kusonyeza kufunika kwa dongosolo lino kumbuyo. Iwo anafotokoza yanthaŵi yowala. Atsogoleri anapanga gulu limodzi "danga khoma." Pafupi nsanja ndipo zipata chikondwerero mapemphero. Choncho atsogoleri opatulidwira mzinda, linga, kuthawa chidutswa adani a dziko Russian.

Kufotokozera linga

Wamkulu Izborsk linga anamanga pamwamba pa phiri Jeravi, ndondomeko akufanana kansalu amene ngodya ndi anamaliza. Angaloŵe izo awiri phompho phompho ndi ngalande mwapadera anakumba. Chachikulu Mbali yokhala ngati mpanda wautali mamita 623 ndipo kutalika kuti oscillates mu osiyanasiyana 7-10 m, ndi makulidwe a 4 m.

mpanda ichi poyamba anali angwiro kuti sikutanthauza kusintha. Ndi kokha kusintha zazing'ono, amalola oyamba ndi asilikali zaluso luso amene amapezeka zaka makamaka. The linga, tsopano membala wa zokopa Pskov, chithunzi ndi kufotokozera zomwe zimapezeka mosavuta, anakamba ndipo adziwonetsa monga kukula wakale m'tawuni.

malinga

The linga kugwa kugonjetsa Nicholas Dhahab - mwapang'ono kutalika kulowera, amene okonzeka ndi khoma kum'mwera. Chinthu choyamba chimene amawonekera alendo - Kachisi wa St. Nicholas, aposa ndi mzikiti siliva. Kale anthu a m'deralo wotchedwa Pamudzi "Castle wa St. Nicholas 'Cathedral ndi kudzoza" nyumba yake. " Motero Nicholas Church of zofunika kwambiri.

Komanso ali ndi zambiri zina nyumba zofunika Izborsk linga. Map momveka bwino malo ya aliyense wa iwo.

nsanja anyezi

Kukovka (ndi dzina ndi anyezi) - nsanja mwachinsinsi. Ndi nsanja nyumba yekha, ophatikizidwa mu khoma lolimba linga. nsanja lili kuchokera nthawi imene Izborsk linga kunali kumudzi matabwa.

Patapita nthawi yaitali, kumakhaladi limatanthauza "malo achitetezo pa malo a." udindo wake ndi chitetezo chatha, ngati mdani alande malinga waukulu. Pansi pa anyezi ndi analengedwa arched pakhomo, kulankhula kamodzi ngati nkhokwe - ndi kusunga ufa.

Kuwonjezera apo, anauzidwa kuti apolisi ntchito katunduyo. Top Kukovki mbali zi- sitimayo ndi zojambula panolamiki yomweyo pafupi. Anyezi, ndi akukonza kukhazikitsanso ambiri ataya choyambirira mawonekedwe mkati analengedwa mu masiku amakedzana. Koma panorama sinasinthe kwambiri m'kupita.

Talavskaya nsanja

Talavskaya Tower - yomanga amakona anayi mawonekedwe, pafupi ndi eponymous Dhahabi, amene anali atavala mu ankalumidwa ndi nkhalamba, akhacemerwa "kulowera cha imfa". Kulowa ndi kuchoka ndimeyi anatseka zipata. mdani, kuswa chipata chakunja, anakapezeka msampha moperewera chomwe amapeza kugonjetsedwa mosalephera.

nsanja burande ndi Temnushka

Burande - hexagonal mpanda woopsa. Temnushka silhouette ndi ofanana burande. nsanja onse atenga waukulu mdani nkhonya anachitira kumadzulo. Ndipo izo ziri pano, chifukwa inkaoneka kuti mdani, ndi mbali kwambiri Kufikika, m'pofunika kuukira linga chachikulu.

belu nsanja

Traditional mpanda, kunena za nyengo oyambirira gunshot, naperekanso belu nsanja. pamalowo anali okonzeka ndi alamu belu akulengeza kubera "mwalowa" - asilikali mdani. Spoloshny phokoso panamveka ndi belu umalandira Pskov.

nsanja

Ndipo ndithudi, Izborsk linga ali okonzeka ndi nsanja wamtali kwambiri. Tower - chosonyeza malo. pamwamba kamodzi korona smotrilnya ake anasonkhana ku mtengo ndi tichipeza storeys awiri. Pafupifupi mwamphamvu kuyambira kunsanja ya miyala anaika mtanda - bwana wa asilikali kunja ndi kuopseza adani.

Dhahab

makonde yopapatiza, ndime - Nicholas ndi Talavsky - anali zopinga kwambiri kuti malowedwe a Adani kudzera kuchipata chakunja kwa mpanda wolimba pabwalo. Iwo ankasewera ndi udindo msampha woopsa. Kutseka mdani danga yaing'ono imene izo sizinali kuyenda, kutsogolera adani mosalephera imfa.

kumanga kachisi

Kyoto Korsun yopemphereramo linalembedwa pa chinenero Chisilavo Chakale, dzina la Mlengi wa nyumba - wazomangamanga-wojambula A.I.Vladovkago. Ndipo mu malo yopsereza tchalitchi matabwa a Sergiya Radonezhskogo Sergio kachisi zovuta Nikandra. Ndi momwemo chinachitika kuti gulu loyimba latsopano anju anawamasulira kunja mpanda wolimba kwambiri.

Zokopa Truvor kuthetsa

Ndi kuthetsa wakale, dzina lake pambuyo Prince Truvor, kulamulira Izborsk dziko. Woyamba dongosolo kumbuyo amene anali mu chigwa atazungulira, asiya kumvera malamulo a nkhondo, adagwidwa ndi oyandikana nawo thanthwe - Jeravi phiri. Pamalo a gulu la asilikali wakale anasunga manda wakale.

Truvor manda

Kumapeto kwa mdima necropolis wakale waima mtanda yaikulu, anamanga mwala. Pamwamba pake alembedwa makalata pafupifupi achotsa mchikakamizo cha nthawi. Amazing Izborsk mbiri linga izo amamuonera nthano sizinatheke. Makamaka mtanda wapangidwa ndi nthano amene ayenera kukhalapo.

Amene amanena kuti mtanda - gawo la gulu la asilikali wakale, ndi kuthetsa choyamba, yomwe inayamba chitetezo cha Russia. Malinga ndi nthano ina, mtanda anaika pa manda a Prince Truvor, thupi lake ali sizinawonetsedwe m'manda akuya owonjezera mamita awiri.

Mwachidule, ndi chachikulu mwala pedestal - woyang'anira zinsinsi za linga, amene mizu anayikidwa mu masiku amakedzana. Pafupi chipilala ndi mbale akale, yokutidwa ndi ziwembu lodabwitsa zojambula. Pali maganizo oti ndi "Babulo" zobisika manda a asilikali.

Temple mu linga Truvor

Ili pafupi ndi manda phiri, pamwamba chimene korona Mpingo Nikolaya Chudotvortsa. Pamaso pa mpanda wake woyera mwala, lili ndi mitanda wakuda, mantha, makamaka madzulo wandiweyani. Poyamba malo awa unali mpingo matabwa, yomwe kenako m'malo mwa mpingo mwala. Zinthu zingapo mkachisimo kukazikoloŵeka mwala waukulu - chizindikiro cha osayanjanitsika ndi Estonians.

Mtsinje wa moyo

M'chigwa cha phiri, pa malo malire Truvor kuthetsa merges ndi phazi la phiri Jeravi ku phompho kupanga laimu wandiweyani, ali ambiri zaka chikwi Chisiloveniya makiyi. Iwo kuphatikiza ndi mzake, anapanga mtsinje sonorous, wotchedwa "mtsinje wa moyo".

Crystal madzi a mtsinje mkokomo mwamsanga Gorodishchenskaya nyanja. Chinsinsi madzi kuyambira nthawi yakale amati ndi mwayi zozizwitsa cholowa woyera mphamvu yochiritsa. mafungulo anapanga ndi Jets khumi, amene maina a miyezi.